Oxt - oxytocin

This gene encodes a preproprotein that is processed to produce oxytocin and neurophysin 1. Oxytocin is a posterior pituitary hormone which is synthesized as an inactive precursor in the hypothalamus along with its carrier protein neurophysin 1. Together with neurophysin, it is packaged into neurosecretory vesicles and transported axonally to the nerve endings in the neurohypophysis, where it is either stored or secreted into the bloodstream. The precursor seems to be activated while it is being transported along the axon to the posterior pituitary. This hormone contracts smooth muscle during parturition and lactation. It is also involved in cognition, tolerance, adaptation, the stress response and complex sexual and maternal behavior, as well as in the regulation of water excretion, salt appetite, blood pressure and cardiovascular functions. Deletion of this gene in mouse reduces bone formation resulting in osteoporosis. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2013]