Gpx3 - glutathione peroxidase 3

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the glutathione peroxidase family, members of which catalyze the reduction of organic hydroperoxides and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by glutathione, and thereby protect cells against oxidative damage. Several isozymes of this gene family exist in vertebrates, which vary in cellular location and substrate specificity. This isozyme is secreted and is highly expressed in mouse kidney, which appears to be the major source of the enzyme in plasma. It has a role in mouse organogenesis, and dysregulation of this isozyme has been associated with obesity-related metabolic complications, platelet-dependent thrombosis, colitis-associated carcinoma, and thermosensitive phenotype. This isozyme is also a selenoprotein, containing the rare amino acid selenocysteine (Sec) at its active site. Sec is encoded by the UGA codon, which normally signals translation termination. The 3' UTRs of selenoprotein mRNAs contain a conserved stem-loop structure, designated the Sec insertion sequence (SECIS) element, that is necessary for the recognition of UGA as a Sec codon, rather than as a stop signal. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2016]