Cldn19 - claudin 19

This gene encodes a member of the claudin family. Claudins are integral membrane proteins and components of tight junction strands. Tight junction strands serve as a physical barrier to prevent solutes and water from passing freely through the paracellular space between epithelial or endothelial cell sheets, and also play critical roles in maintaining cell polarity and signal transductions. siRNA knockdown of this gene in mice develops the FHHNC (familial hypomagnesemia with hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis) symptoms of chronic renal wasting of magnesium and calcium together with defective renal salt handling. The protein encoded by this gene interacts with another family member, Claudin 16, and their interaction is required for their assembly into tight junctions and for renal reabsorption of magnesium. This protein is a constituent of tight junctions in the Schwann cells of peripheral myelinated nerves and the gene deficiency affects the nerve conduction of peripheral myelinated fibers. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2010]