Enables alcohol dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity and identical protein binding activity. Acts upstream of or within several processes, including behavioral response to ethanol; ethanol catabolic process; and retinoid metabolic process. Located in mitochondrion. Is expressed in several structures, including endocrine gland; epidermis; genitourinary system; intestine; and sensory organ. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in alcohol use disorder; late onset Parkinson's disease; and pancreatic cancer. Orthologous to several human genes including ADH1B (alcohol dehydrogenase 1B (class I), beta polypeptide). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2022]