Sparganosis, also known as infection by sparganum, is related to diphyllobothriasis and echinococcosis. An important gene associated with Sparganosis is MT-CO1 (Mitochondrially Encoded Cytochrome C Oxidase I), and among its related pathways/superpathways are Metabolism and Respiratory electron transport, ATP synthesis by chemiosmotic coupling, and heat production by uncoupling proteins.. Affiliated tissues include breast and brain.