Radioulnar Synostosis with Microcephaly, Short Stature, Scoliosis, and Mental Retardation, also known as brachydactyly, type a1, with short stature, scoliosis, microcephaly, ptosis, hearing loss, and mental retardation, is related to radioulnar synostosis-microcephaly-scoliosis syndrome and brachydactyly, type a1, with short stature, scoliosis, microcephaly, ptosis, hearing loss, and mental retardation.