LOCUS       NP_059031                628 aa            linear   ROD 01-JUN-2024
DEFINITION  sodium- and chloride-dependent betaine transporter [Rattus
            norvegicus].
ACCESSION   NP_059031
VERSION     NP_059031.1
DBSOURCE    REFSEQ: accession NM_017335.1
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; RefSeq Select.
SOURCE      Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
  ORGANISM  Rattus norvegicus
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha;
            Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus.
REFERENCE   1  (residues 1 to 628)
  AUTHORS   Zhang,J., Da,Y., Lu,J., Sun,Y., Wang,H., Wang,K., Wang,W., Qin,L.
            and Jia,J.
  TITLE     Changes in vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (Vglut2) and vesicular
            GABA transporter 1 (Vgat1) in the orofacial pain and temperature
            perception pathway under low estrogen conditions
  JOURNAL   Neuro Endocrinol Lett 43 (2), 88-98 (2022)
   PUBMED   35933616
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Changes in vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (Vglut2) and
            vesicular GABA transporter 1 (Vgat1) in the orofacial pain and
            temperature perception pathway under low estrogen conditions.
REFERENCE   2  (residues 1 to 628)
  AUTHORS   Santos,M.S., Park,C.K., Foss,S.M., Li,H. and Voglmaier,S.M.
  TITLE     Sorting of the vesicular GABA transporter to functional vesicle
            pools by an atypical dileucine-like motif
  JOURNAL   J Neurosci 33 (26), 10634-10646 (2013)
   PUBMED   23804087
  REMARK    GeneRIF: we report the identification of a unique amino acid motif
            in the vesicular GABA transporter (VGAT) that controls its synaptic
            localization and activity-dependent recycling
REFERENCE   3  (residues 1 to 628)
  AUTHORS   Kersante,F., Rowley,S.C., Pavlov,I., Gutierrez-Mecinas,M.,
            Semyanov,A., Reul,J.M., Walker,M.C. and Linthorst,A.C.
  TITLE     A functional role for both -aminobutyric acid (GABA) transporter-1
            and GABA transporter-3 in the modulation of extracellular GABA and
            GABAergic tonic conductances in the rat hippocampus
  JOURNAL   J Physiol 591 (10), 2429-2441 (2013)
   PUBMED   23381899
  REMARK    GeneRIF: GAT-1, which is predominantly presynaptically located, is
            the major GABA transporter in the hippocampus under baseline,
            quiescent conditions.
REFERENCE   4  (residues 1 to 628)
  AUTHORS   Pirttimaki,T., Parri,H.R. and Crunelli,V.
  TITLE     Astrocytic GABA transporter GAT-1 dysfunction in experimental
            absence seizures
  JOURNAL   J Physiol 591 (4), 823-833 (2013)
   PUBMED   23090943
  REMARK    GeneRIF: The results demonstrate a malfunction of GAT-1 in thalamic
            astrocytes of a well-established genetic model of absence epilepsy,
            and indicate that this abnormality is not a reflection of a general
            pathology affecting all astrocytic functions.
REFERENCE   5  (residues 1 to 628)
  AUTHORS   Jin,X.T., Pare,J.F. and Smith,Y.
  TITLE     GABA transporter subtype 1 and GABA transporter subtype 3 modulate
            glutamatergic transmission via activation of presynaptic GABA(B)
            receptors in the rat globus pallidus
  JOURNAL   Eur J Neurosci 36 (4), 2482-2492 (2012)
   PUBMED   22616751
  REMARK    GeneRIF: This study provides evidence that the GAT-1-mediated
            regulation of extracellular GABA can modulate glutamatergic
            transmission at the subthalamopallidal synapse in the rat globus
            pallidus.
REFERENCE   6  (residues 1 to 628)
  AUTHORS   Farhan,H., Korkhov,V.M., Paulitschke,V., Dorostkar,M.M.,
            Scholze,P., Kudlacek,O., Freissmuth,M. and Sitte,H.H.
  TITLE     Two discontinuous segments in the carboxyl terminus are required
            for membrane targeting of the rat gamma-aminobutyric acid
            transporter-1 (GAT1)
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 279 (27), 28553-28563 (2004)
   PUBMED   15073174
  REMARK    GeneRIF: two discontinuous segments in the carboxyl terminus are
            required for membrane targeting of the rat GAT1
REFERENCE   7  (residues 1 to 628)
  AUTHORS   Quick,M.W., Hu,J., Wang,D. and Zhang,H.Y.
  TITLE     Regulation of a gamma-aminobutyric acid transporter by reciprocal
            tyrosine and serine phosphorylation
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 279 (16), 15961-15967 (2004)
   PUBMED   14761965
  REMARK    GeneRIF: GABA transporter can exist in either of two mutually
            exclusive phosphorylation states and that the relative abundance of
            these states determines in part the relative subcellular
            distribution of the transporter
REFERENCE   8  (residues 1 to 628)
  AUTHORS   Horii,A., Kitahara,T., Smith,P.F., Darlington,C.L., Masumura,C. and
            Kubo,T.
  TITLE     Effects of unilateral labyrinthectomy on GAD, GAT1 and GABA
            receptor gene expression in the rat vestibular nucleus
  JOURNAL   Neuroreport 14 (18), 2359-2363 (2003)
   PUBMED   14663191
  REMARK    GeneRIF: GAT1 mRNA expression is initially up-regulated in the
            ipsilateral vestibular nucleus and then undergoes a bilateral
            increase 50 h after labyrinthectomy.
REFERENCE   9  (residues 1 to 628)
  AUTHORS   Minelli,A., Alonso-Nanclares,L., Edwards,R.H., DeFelipe,J. and
            Conti,F.
  TITLE     Postnatal development of the vesicular GABA transporter in rat
            cerebral cortex
  JOURNAL   Neuroscience 117 (2), 337-346 (2003)
   PUBMED   12614674
  REMARK    GeneRIF: During neocortical development the expression of GABA
            transporter in the cerebral cortex slightly precedes the complete
            maturation of inhibitory synaptogenesis and suggests that it may
            contribute to the formation of neocortical GABAergic circuitry.
REFERENCE   10 (residues 1 to 628)
  AUTHORS   Burnham,C.E., Buerk,B., Schmidt,C. and Bucuvalas,J.C.
  TITLE     A liver-specific isoform of the betaine/GABA transporter in the
            rat: cDNA sequence and organ distribution
  JOURNAL   Biochim Biophys Acta 1284 (1), 4-8 (1996)
   PUBMED   8865807
COMMENT     PROVISIONAL REFSEQ: This record has not yet been subject to final
            NCBI review. The reference sequence was derived from U28927.1.
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: U28927.1 [ECO:0000332]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            RefSeq Select criteria :: based on single protein-coding transcript
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..628
                     /organism="Rattus norvegicus"
                     /strain="Sprague-Dawley"
                     /db_xref="taxon:10116"
                     /chromosome="4"
                     /map="4q42"
     Protein         1..628
                     /product="sodium- and chloride-dependent betaine
                     transporter"
                     /note="solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter
                     transporter), member 12; solute carrier family 6
                     (neurotransmitter transporter, betaine/GABA), member 12;
                     Na(+)/Cl(-) betaine/GABA transporter; vesicular GABA
                     transporter; GABA transporter 1; Betaine/GABA transporter
                     1"
                     /calculated_mol_wt=71126
     Region          49..589
                     /region_name="SLC5-6-like_sbd"
                     /note="Solute carrier families 5 and 6-like; solute
                     binding domain; cl00456"
                     /db_xref="CDD:444915"
     Site            order(65,68,405,408..409)
                     /site_type="other"
                     /note="Na binding site [ion binding]"
                     /db_xref="CDD:271356"
     CDS             1..628
                     /gene="Slc6a12"
                     /gene_synonym="BGT1; Gat1; RNU28927; VGAT"
                     /coded_by="NM_017335.1:305..2191"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:50676"
                     /db_xref="RGD:620255"
ORIGIN      
        1 mssgaweerv slssmdrkvt vhedgcpvvs wvpeegemmd qkdkdqvkdr gqwtnkmefv
       61 lsvageiigl gnvwrfpylc ykngggaffi pyfifffscg ipvffleval gqyssqgsvt
      121 awrkicpllq gigmasvvie sylniyyiii lawalfylfs sftwelpwtt ctnswntehc
      181 vdflnysstr aasysenfts pvmefwerrv lgitsgihdl gslrwelalc lllawiicyf
      241 ciwkgvkstg kvvyftatfp ylmliillir gvtlpgayqg ivfylkpdll rlkdpqvwmd
      301 agtqiffsfa icqgcltalg synkyhnncy rdsialcfln satsfvagfv vfsilgfmaq
      361 eqgvpiseva esgpglafia fpkavtmmpl sqlwsclffl mllflgldsq fvcmeclvta
      421 smdmfpqqlr krgrrellil avaivcylmg lllvteggmy ifqlfdyyas sgicllflsl
      481 fevicigwvy gadrfydnve dmigyrpwpl vkiswlfltp glclatfffs lskytplkyn
      541 nvyiypswgy sigwllafss macvplfiii tllktqgsfk krlqrlitpd pslpqpgrrs
      601 pqdgssaqnc stspvkqeli awekethl
//
