LOCUS       NM_017139               1450 bp    mRNA    linear   ROD 30-MAR-2024
DEFINITION  Rattus norvegicus proenkephalin (Penk), mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_017139
VERSION     NM_017139.2
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; RefSeq Select.
SOURCE      Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
  ORGANISM  Rattus norvegicus
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha;
            Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 1450)
  AUTHORS   Zhang,Q., Liu,A., Abouelfetouh,M.M., Ma,N., Li,M., Chen,S., Ding,M.
            and Ding,Y.
  TITLE     Let-7b-5p promotes electroacupuncture tolerance by downregulating
            Penk1 gene in CFA-induced inflammatory nociception rats
  JOURNAL   Gene 742, 144583 (2020)
   PUBMED   32184167
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Study found that miRNA let-7b-5p was increased as
            electroacupuncture tolerance occurred in rats with the complete
            Freund's Adjuvant-induced inflammatory nociception. The let-7b-5p
            contributed to the formation of EA tolerance by downregulating
            Penk1 gene.
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 1450)
  AUTHORS   Wang,Y., Lu,X., Zhao,P., Jiang,J. and Yao,L.
  TITLE     [Overexpression of PPENK reduces myocardial ischemia reperfusion
            injury by promoting mitophagy in rats]
  JOURNAL   Xi Bao Yu Fen Zi Mian Yi Xue Za Zhi 33 (10), 1335-1340 (2017)
   PUBMED   29169417
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Preproenkephalin-minimalistic immunologically defined gene
            expression-nuclear localization signal (PPENK-MIDGE-NLS) vector
            postconditioning can mitigate myocardial ischemia reperfusion
            injury by promoting mitophagy.
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 1450)
  AUTHORS   Frederick,A., Goldsmith,J., de Zavalia,N. and Amir,S.
  TITLE     Mapping the co-localization of the circadian proteins PER2 and
            BMAL1 with enkephalin and substance P throughout the rodent
            forebrain
  JOURNAL   PLoS One 12 (4), e0176279 (2017)
   PUBMED   28423013
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Mapping the co-localization of the circadian proteins PER2
            and BMAL1 with enkephalin and substance P throughout the rat
            forebrain has been reported.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 1450)
  AUTHORS   Sgroi,S., Capper-Loup,C., Paganetti,P. and Kaelin-Lang,A.
  TITLE     Enkephalin and dynorphin neuropeptides are differently correlated
            with locomotor hypersensitivity and levodopa-induced dyskinesia in
            parkinsonian rats
  JOURNAL   Exp Neurol 280, 80-88 (2016)
   PUBMED   27072528
  REMARK    GeneRIF: The findings of thus study suggest that, in parkinsonian
            animals treated with l-DOPA, high levels of PPENK are a
            prerequisite for a locomotor sensitization to l-DOPA treatment
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 1450)
  AUTHORS   Marin,C., Bonastre,M., Mengod,G., Cortes,R. and Rodriguez-Oroz,M.C.
  TITLE     From unilateral to bilateral parkinsonism: Effects of
            lateralization on dyskinesias and associated molecular mechanisms
  JOURNAL   Neuropharmacology 97, 365-375 (2015)
   PUBMED   26113400
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 1450)
  AUTHORS   Rao,S.M. and Howells,R.D.
  TITLE     Molecular cloning, sequence analysis and translation of
            proenkephalin mRNA from rat heart
  JOURNAL   Regul Pept 40 (3), 397-408 (1992)
   PUBMED   1438982
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 1450)
  AUTHORS   Kilpatrick,D.L., Zinn,S.A., Fitzgerald,M., Higuchi,H., Sabol,S.L.
            and Meyerhardt,J.
  TITLE     Transcription of the rat and mouse proenkephalin genes is initiated
            at distinct sites in spermatogenic and somatic cells
  JOURNAL   Mol Cell Biol 10 (7), 3717-3726 (1990)
   PUBMED   2355920
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 1450)
  AUTHORS   Song,D.D., Rossier,J. and Harlan,R.E.
  TITLE     Comparison of synenkephalin and methionine enkephalin
            immunocytochemistry in rat brain
  JOURNAL   Peptides 10 (6), 1239-1246 (1989)
   PUBMED   2695900
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 1450)
  AUTHORS   Yoshikawa,K., Maruyama,K., Aizawa,T. and Yamamoto,A.
  TITLE     A new species of enkephalin precursor mRNA with a distinct
            5'-untranslated region in haploid germ cells
  JOURNAL   FEBS Lett 246 (1-2), 193-196 (1989)
   PUBMED   2707437
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 1450)
  AUTHORS   Rotsztejn,W.H., Drouva,S.V., Pattou,E. and Kordon,C.
  TITLE     Met-enkephalin inhibits in vitro dopamine-induced LHRH release from
            mediobasal hypothalamus of male rats
  JOURNAL   Nature 274 (5668), 281-282 (1978)
   PUBMED   355888
COMMENT     PROVISIONAL REFSEQ: This record has not yet been subject to final
            NCBI review. The reference sequence was derived from
            JAXUCZ010000005.1.
            
            [WARNING] On Apr 23, 2024 this sequence was replaced by
            NM_017139.3.
            
            On Nov 26, 2020 this sequence version replaced NM_017139.1.
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: Y07503.1, BC083563.1 [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: single sample supports all introns
                                           SAMEA5760383, SAMN12840107
                                           [ECO:0000348]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            RefSeq Select criteria :: based on conservation, longest protein
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-466               JAXUCZ010000005.1  21985859-21986324   c
            467-1450            JAXUCZ010000005.1  21981382-21982365   c
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..1450
                     /organism="Rattus norvegicus"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /strain="BN"
                     /db_xref="taxon:10116"
                     /chromosome="5"
                     /map="5q12"
     gene            1..1450
                     /gene="Penk"
                     /gene_synonym="Enk; Penk-rs; Penk1; Penk2"
                     /note="proenkephalin"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:29237"
                     /db_xref="RGD:68946"
     exon            1..466
                     /gene="Penk"
                     /gene_synonym="Enk; Penk-rs; Penk1; Penk2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             329..1138
                     /gene="Penk"
                     /gene_synonym="Enk; Penk-rs; Penk1; Penk2"
                     /note="proenkephalin-A; proenkephalin 1; preproenkephalin
                     2; proenkephalin 2; proenkephalin related sequence;
                     enkephalin"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="proenkephalin-A precursor"
                     /protein_id="NP_058835.2"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:29237"
                     /db_xref="RGD:68946"
                     /translation="MAQFLRLCIWLLALGSCLLATVQADCSQDCAKCSYRLVRPGDIN
                     FLACTLECEGQLPSFKIWETCKDLLQVSKPEFPWDNIDMYKDSSKQDESHLLAKKYGG
                     FMKRYGGFMKKMDELYPVEPEEEANGGEILAKRYGGFMKKDADEGDTLANSSDLLKEL
                     LGTGDNRAKDSHQQESTNNDEDSTSKRYGGFMRGLKRSPQLEDEAKELQKRYGGFMRR
                     VGRPEWWMDYQKRYGGFLKRFAESLPSDEEGESYSKEVPEMEKRYGGFMRF"
     exon            467..1450
                     /gene="Penk"
                     /gene_synonym="Enk; Penk-rs; Penk1; Penk2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
ORIGIN      
        1 ctcggaagga caggatgcca tgccatcggg aagacaggac tccccaagga gaacaggatg
       61 ccatcaggga gacaggactc ccccgtggaa gataggatac ctccaggaag acagaatgcc
      121 ccccaggcag ccctgggaca gcgggaaaca ctagggacca agctatccct ggttcactcg
      181 ggattttgtt gggttgtggg cggggctcag gaaagattgt ccctgctggt cctgctccac
      241 gaccacccac ccggcaaggt tccctcctag agaaccttgt cagagacaga acgggtcccc
      301 acaggcgcat tcttctttcc aacagcccat ggcgcagttc ctgagacttt gcatctggct
      361 gctagcgctt gggtcctgcc tcctggctac agtgcaggca gactgcagcc aggactgcgc
      421 taaatgcagc taccgcctgg tacgtcccgg cgacatcaac ttcctggcat gcacactcga
      481 atgtgaaggg cagctgcctt ctttcaaaat ctgggagacc tgcaaggatc tcctgcaggt
      541 gtccaagccc gagttccctt gggataacat cgacatgtac aaagacagca gcaaacagga
      601 tgagagccac ttgctagcca agaagtatgg agggttcatg aaacggtatg gaggcttcat
      661 gaagaagatg gatgagcttt accccgtgga gccagaagaa gaggccaatg gaggcgagat
      721 ccttgccaag aggtatggcg gtttcatgaa gaaggatgca gatgagggag acaccttggc
      781 caactcctcc gacctgctga aagagctact gggaacagga gacaaccgtg cgaaagatag
      841 ccaccaacag gaaagcacca acaatgatga agacagcacg agcaagaggt atgggggctt
      901 catgagaggc ctcaaaagaa gcccccagct ggaagacgaa gcaaaggagc tgcagaagcg
      961 ctatgggggc ttcatgagaa gggtcgggcg ccccgagtgg tggatggact atcagaagag
     1021 atacggaggc ttcctgaagc gctttgctga gtctctaccc tcggatgaag aaggcgaaag
     1081 ttactctaaa gaagttcccg agatggaaaa aagatacgga ggctttatgc ggttttgaag
     1141 cccttcccag cagtgatccc gggcccccac tagcctgctc catcccccgt gagcaactgc
     1201 cccatcagtg atgtttcttg tcatgtgctg cttgtgctgt acagttgccc tcgtggtctg
     1261 gataactgct gcctgaaagc tgtgattttt agggggttgt ctgtattctt ttgagtcttg
     1321 aagctcagta ttggtctctt gtggctatgt tgttatcatg ctgaaacagt ctgttacctc
     1381 atcccttctg acaaaacgtc aataaatgct tatttgtata taaaaataat aaacccgtga
     1441 acccaactgc
//
