LOCUS       NM_012744               3972 bp    mRNA    linear   ROD 24-JUN-2024
DEFINITION  Rattus norvegicus pyruvate carboxylase (Pc), mRNA; nuclear gene for
            mitochondrial product.
ACCESSION   NM_012744 XM_346577
VERSION     NM_012744.3
KEYWORDS    RefSeq.
SOURCE      Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
  ORGANISM  Rattus norvegicus
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha;
            Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 3972)
  AUTHORS   Martin,J., Balmer,M.L., Rajendran,S., Maurhofer,O., Dufour,J.F. and
            St-Pierre,M.V.
  TITLE     Nutritional stress exacerbates hepatic steatosis induced by
            deletion of the histidine nucleotide-binding (Hint2) mitochondrial
            protein
  JOURNAL   Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 310 (7), G497-G509 (2016)
   PUBMED   26767982
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 3972)
  AUTHORS   Wutthisathapornchai,A., Vongpipatana,T., Muangsawat,S.,
            Boonsaen,T., MacDonald,M.J. and Jitrapakdee,S.
  TITLE     Multiple E-boxes in the distal promoter of the rat pyruvate
            carboxylase gene function as a glucose-responsive element
  JOURNAL   PLoS One 9 (7), e102730 (2014)
   PUBMED   25054881
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Data indicate that glucose-mediated transcriptional
            activation of the pyruvate carboxylase (PC) gene is regulated by
            transcription factors.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 3972)
  AUTHORS   Yim,S.A., Lim,Y.S., Kim,J.W. and Hwang,S.B.
  TITLE     Nonstructural 5A protein of hepatitis C virus interacts with
            pyruvate carboxylase and modulates viral propagation
  JOURNAL   PLoS One 8 (7), e68170 (2013)
   PUBMED   23861867
  REMARK    Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 3972)
  AUTHORS   MacDonald,M.J., Hasan,N.M., Dobrzyn,A., Stoker,S.W., Ntambi,J.M.,
            Liu,X. and Sampath,H.
  TITLE     Knockdown of pyruvate carboxylase or fatty acid synthase lowers
            numerous lipids and glucose-stimulated insulin release in
            insulinoma cells
  JOURNAL   Arch Biochem Biophys 532 (1), 23-31 (2013)
   PUBMED   23357280
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Pyruvate carboxylase and fatty acid synthase were knocked
            down in insulin cells.  Insulin secretion, phospholipid and
            cholesterol esters were lowered.
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 3972)
  AUTHORS   Pedersen,K.B., Buckley,R.S. and Scioneaux,R.
  TITLE     Glucose induces expression of rat pyruvate carboxylase through a
            carbohydrate response element in the distal gene promoter
  JOURNAL   Biochem J 426 (2), 159-170 (2010)
   PUBMED   20001964
  REMARK    GeneRIF: A carbohydrate response element in the distal gene
            promoter contributes to the glucose-mediated expression of pyruvate
            carboxylase.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 3972)
  AUTHORS   MacKay,N., Rigat,B., Douglas,C., Chen,H.S. and Robinson,B.H.
  TITLE     cDNA cloning of human kidney pyruvate carboxylase
  JOURNAL   Biochem Biophys Res Commun 202 (2), 1009-1014 (1994)
   PUBMED   8048912
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 3972)
  AUTHORS   Thampy,K.G., Huang,W.Y. and Wakil,S.J.
  TITLE     A rapid purification method for rat liver pyruvate carboxylase and
            amino acid sequence analyses of NH2-terminal and biotin peptide
  JOURNAL   Arch Biochem Biophys 266 (1), 270-276 (1988)
   PUBMED   3178228
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 3972)
  AUTHORS   Wimhurst,J.M. and Manchester,K.L.
  TITLE     Induction and suppression of the key enzymes of glycolysis and
            gluconeogenesis in isolated perfused rat liver in response to
            glucose, fructose and lactate
  JOURNAL   Biochem J 134 (1), 143-156 (1973)
   PUBMED   4353083
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 3972)
  AUTHORS   Kimmich,G.A. and Rasmussen,H.
  TITLE     Regulation of pyruvate carboxylase activity by calcium in intact
            rat liver mitochondria
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 244 (1), 190-199 (1969)
   PUBMED   5773282
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 3972)
  AUTHORS   Ballard,F.J. and Hanson,R.W.
  TITLE     Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and pyruvate carboxylase in
            developing rat liver
  JOURNAL   Biochem J 104 (3), 866-871 (1967)
   PUBMED   6049928
COMMENT     PROVISIONAL REFSEQ: This record has not yet been subject to final
            NCBI review. The reference sequence was derived from
            JAXUCZ010000001.1.
            
            On Nov 27, 2020 this sequence version replaced NM_012744.2.
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: U36585.1, U32314.1 [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: single sample supports all introns
                                           SAMEA5760383, SAMEA5760386
                                           [ECO:0000348]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            gene product(s) localized to mito. :: inferred from homology
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-66                JAXUCZ010000001.1  211228868-211228933
            67-202              JAXUCZ010000001.1  211308436-211308571
            203-387             JAXUCZ010000001.1  211308688-211308872
            388-553             JAXUCZ010000001.1  211309048-211309213
            554-699             JAXUCZ010000001.1  211309314-211309459
            700-817             JAXUCZ010000001.1  211309597-211309714
            818-969             JAXUCZ010000001.1  211309895-211310046
            970-1088            JAXUCZ010000001.1  211311272-211311390
            1089-1251           JAXUCZ010000001.1  211314015-211314177
            1252-1434           JAXUCZ010000001.1  211316259-211316441
            1435-1579           JAXUCZ010000001.1  211323721-211323865
            1580-1669           JAXUCZ010000001.1  211324114-211324203
            1670-2048           JAXUCZ010000001.1  211324292-211324670
            2049-2289           JAXUCZ010000001.1  211325113-211325353
            2290-2539           JAXUCZ010000001.1  211325474-211325723
            2540-2784           JAXUCZ010000001.1  211325913-211326157
            2785-2964           JAXUCZ010000001.1  211326247-211326426
            2965-3213           JAXUCZ010000001.1  211326501-211326749
            3214-3354           JAXUCZ010000001.1  211326955-211327095
            3355-3972           JAXUCZ010000001.1  211327175-211327792
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..3972
                     /organism="Rattus norvegicus"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /strain="BN"
                     /db_xref="taxon:10116"
                     /chromosome="1"
                     /map="1q43"
     gene            1..3972
                     /gene="Pc"
                     /gene_synonym="Pcx"
                     /note="pyruvate carboxylase"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:25104"
                     /db_xref="RGD:3262"
     exon            1..66
                     /gene="Pc"
                     /gene_synonym="Pcx"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             67..3603
                     /gene="Pc"
                     /gene_synonym="Pcx"
                     /EC_number="6.4.1.1"
                     /note="pyruvate carboxylase, mitochondrial; PCB; pyruvic
                     carboxylase"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="pyruvate carboxylase, mitochondrial precursor"
                     /protein_id="NP_036876.2"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:25104"
                     /db_xref="RGD:3262"
                     /translation="MLKFQTVRGGLRLLGVRRSSTAPVASPNVRRLEYKPIKKVMVAN
                     RGEIAIRVFRACTELGIRTVAVYSEQDTGQMHRQKADEAYLIGRGLAPVQAYLHIPDI
                     IKVAKENGVDAVHPGYGFLSERADFAQACQDAGVRFIGPSPEVVRKMGDKVEARAIAI
                     AAGVPVVPGTNSPINSLHEAHEFSNTYGFPIIFKAAYGGGGRGMRVVHSYEELEENYT
                     RAYSEALAAFGNGALFVEKFIEKPRHIEVQILGDQYGNILHLYERDCSIQRRHQKVVE
                     IAPATHLDPQLRSRLTSDSVKLAKQVGYENAGTVEFLVDKHGKHYFIEVNSRLQVEHT
                     VTEEITDVDLVHAQIHVSEGRSLPDLGLRQENIRINGCAIQCRVTTEDPARSFQPDTG
                     RIEVFRSGEGMGIRLDNASAFQGAVISPHYDSLLVKVIAHGKDHPTAATKMSRALAEF
                     RVRGVKTNIPFLQNVLNNQQFLAGIVDTQFIDENPELFQLRPAQNRAQKLLHYLGHVM
                     VNGPTTPIPVKVSPSPVDPIVPVVPIGPPPAGFRDILLREGPEGFARAVRNHQGLLLM
                     DTTFRDAHQSLLATRVRTHDLKKIAPYVAHNFNNLFSIENWGGATFDVAMRFLYECPW
                     RRLQELRELIPNIPFQMLLRGANAVGYTNYPDNVVFKFCEVAKENGMDVFRIFDSLNY
                     LPNMLLGMEAAGSAGGVVEAAISYTGDVADPSRTKYSLEYYMGLAEELVRAGTHILCI
                     KDMAGLLKPAACTMLVSSLRDRFPDLPLHIHTHDTSGSGVAAMLACAQAGADVVDVAV
                     DSMSGMTSQPSMGALVACTKGTPLDTEVPLERVFDYSEYWEGARGLYAAFDCTATMKS
                     GNSDVYENEIPGGQYTNLHFQAHSMGLGSKFKEVKKAYVEANQMLGDLIKVTPSSKIV
                     GDLAQFMVQNGLSRAEAEAQAEELSFPRSVVEFLQGYIGIPHGGFPEPFRSKVLKDLP
                     RIEGRPGASLPPLNLKELEKDLIDRHGEEVTPEDVLSAAMYPDVFAQFKDFTATFGPL
                     DSLNTRLFLQGPKIAEEFEVELERGKTLHIKALAVSDLNRAGQRQVFFELNGQLRSIL
                     VKDTQAMKEMHFHPKALKDVKGQIGAPMPGKVIDVKVAAGAKVVKGQPLCVLSAMKME
                     TVVTSPMEGTIRKVHVTKDMTLEGDDLILEIE"
     exon            67..202
                     /gene="Pc"
                     /gene_synonym="Pcx"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            203..387
                     /gene="Pc"
                     /gene_synonym="Pcx"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            388..553
                     /gene="Pc"
                     /gene_synonym="Pcx"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            554..699
                     /gene="Pc"
                     /gene_synonym="Pcx"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            700..817
                     /gene="Pc"
                     /gene_synonym="Pcx"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            818..969
                     /gene="Pc"
                     /gene_synonym="Pcx"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            970..1088
                     /gene="Pc"
                     /gene_synonym="Pcx"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1089..1251
                     /gene="Pc"
                     /gene_synonym="Pcx"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1252..1434
                     /gene="Pc"
                     /gene_synonym="Pcx"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1435..1579
                     /gene="Pc"
                     /gene_synonym="Pcx"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1580..1669
                     /gene="Pc"
                     /gene_synonym="Pcx"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1670..2048
                     /gene="Pc"
                     /gene_synonym="Pcx"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            2049..2289
                     /gene="Pc"
                     /gene_synonym="Pcx"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            2290..2539
                     /gene="Pc"
                     /gene_synonym="Pcx"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            2540..2784
                     /gene="Pc"
                     /gene_synonym="Pcx"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            2785..2964
                     /gene="Pc"
                     /gene_synonym="Pcx"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            2965..3213
                     /gene="Pc"
                     /gene_synonym="Pcx"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            3214..3354
                     /gene="Pc"
                     /gene_synonym="Pcx"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            3355..3972
                     /gene="Pc"
                     /gene_synonym="Pcx"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
ORIGIN      
        1 gttccctgtc agtggaggca gcggccgtca gaggcggcgg ccacggcttg aggcgacggg
       61 gcgaagatgc tgaagttcca aacagttcga gggggcctga ggctcctggg tgtccgccga
      121 tcctccacag cccccgttgc ctccccaaat gtccggcgtc tggagtacaa gcccatcaag
      181 aaagtaatgg tggccaacag aggtgagatt gccatccgag tgtttcgtgc ctgcacagag
      241 ctgggtatcc gcacagtggc tgtctactcg gagcaggaca caggccagat gcaccggcag
      301 aaagctgatg aagcctacct tattggccgt gggctggctc ctgtgcaagc ctacctgcac
      361 attccagaca tcattaaggt ggccaaggag aatggtgtag atgctgtgca ccctggctat
      421 gggttcctct cagagagagc agactttgcc caggcctgcc aagatgctgg agtccgattc
      481 attggtccaa gcccagaggt ggtccgcaag atgggagaca aggtggaagc ccgggccatt
      541 gccattgctg caggcgttcc agtggtccct ggcactaatt cccccatcaa ttccctgcat
      601 gaggcacacg agttctctaa cacctatggt ttccctatta tcttcaaggc tgcctatgga
      661 ggtgggggcc gtggcatgag ggttgtgcat agctacgagg agctggaaga gaattacacc
      721 cgggcctact ctgaggcctt ggcagccttt gggaatgggg cattgtttgt ggagaaattc
      781 attgagaagc caagacacat tgaggtgcag atcctagggg accaatatgg gaacatcttg
      841 cacttgtatg agcgggactg ctccatccag cggcggcacc agaaggtggt agagattgcc
      901 cctgctaccc acctggaccc ccaacttcgg tcacgcctca ccagtgactc tgtcaaactt
      961 gccaagcagg ttggctatga gaatgcaggc actgtggagt tcctggtgga caagcatggc
     1021 aagcactact tcatcgaggt caattcccgc ctgcaggtgg agcacacggt cactgaggag
     1081 attacagatg tggacctggt ccatgctcag atccatgtgt ccgaaggccg gagcctgcct
     1141 gacctaggcc tgcggcagga aaacatccga atcaatggtt gtgccattca gtgtcgggtc
     1201 accactgagg accctgcacg cagcttccag ccagacactg gccgcattga ggttttccgg
     1261 agtggtgagg gcatgggcat ccgcctggac aatgcctcag cattccaggg agctgtcata
     1321 tccccccact atgactccct gctcgtcaaa gtcattgccc atggcaaaga ccaccctaca
     1381 gctgccacca agatgagcag agccctggcg gagttccgtg tccgaggtgt aaagaccaac
     1441 atccccttcc tgcagaatgt gctcaacaac cagcagttcc tagcgggcat tgtggacacc
     1501 cagttcatcg atgagaaccc cgagctgttc cagctgcggc ctgcacagaa ccgggcccag
     1561 aagttgctac attaccttgg acacgtcatg gtcaatggcc ctaccactcc aatccccgtc
     1621 aaggtcagtc ccagccctgt ggaccccatt gttcctgtgg tgcccatagg cccaccccca
     1681 gctggtttca gagacatcct tctgcgagag gggccagagg gctttgccag agctgtgcgg
     1741 aatcaccagg ggctgctgct aatggacaca accttccggg atgcccacca gtcactactt
     1801 gccactagag tgcgcacaca cgatctcaaa aagattgcac cctacgttgc ccacaacttc
     1861 aacaacctct tcagcataga gaactgggga ggagccacat ttgacgtggc catgcgcttc
     1921 ttgtatgagt gcccctggcg gcggctccag gagctccggg agctcatccc caacatccca
     1981 ttccagatgc tactgagggg ggccaatgct gtgggctaca ccaactaccc tgacaacgtg
     2041 gtcttcaagt tctgtgaggt ggccaaagag aatggcatgg acgtcttccg gatctttgac
     2101 tcccttaact acctgccaaa catgctgctg ggcatggaag cagctggcag tgctgggggt
     2161 gtggtggaag ctgccatctc ctacacgggt gacgtggctg accccagtcg cactaaatac
     2221 tcactggagt actacatggg cttagctgaa gaactggtgc gagccggcac tcacatcctc
     2281 tgcattaagg acatggcagg cctgctgaag cctgcagcat gcaccatgct ggtcagctcc
     2341 ctccgggacc ggttccccga cctcccactg cacatccata cccatgacac atcagggtca
     2401 ggtgtggcag ccatgttggc ctgtgcacaa gctggggctg atgttgtgga tgtggcagtc
     2461 gactctatgt ctgggatgac ctcacagccc agcatggggg ccctggtggc ctgtaccaaa
     2521 gggactcctc tggacacaga ggtacccctg gagcgtgtgt ttgactacag tgagtattgg
     2581 gaaggggctc gggggctgta tgcagccttt gattgcacgg ctaccatgaa gtctggcaac
     2641 tcagacgtgt atgagaatga gatcccaggg ggccagtaca ccaacctaca cttccaggcc
     2701 cacagcatgg gacttggctc caagttcaag gaggtcaaga aggcctatgt ggaggctaac
     2761 cagatgctgg gggacctcat caaggtgaca ccatcctcca agattgtggg ggatctggcc
     2821 cagttcatgg tgcagaacgg gttgagccgg gcagaggcag aagctcaggc agaagagctg
     2881 tccttccccc gctctgtggt ggagttcctg cagggctaca ttggcattcc ccatgggggt
     2941 ttccctgaac ccttccgttc taaggtgcta aaggacctgc caagaataga agggaggcct
     3001 ggagcctccc tccctccctt gaacctgaag gagctggaga aggacctgat tgataggcat
     3061 ggagaggagg tgaccccaga ggacgttctc tctgcagcca tgtaccctga tgtctttgct
     3121 cagttcaaag acttcacggc tacctttggc cccctggata gcctgaatac tcgtctcttt
     3181 cttcaaggac ccaaaattgc agaggagttt gaggttgagc tggaacgggg caagaccttg
     3241 cacatcaaag ccctggctgt aagcgacctg aaccgtgctg gccagaggca ggtgttcttt
     3301 gaactcaatg ggcagcttcg atccattctg gttaaagaca cccaggccat gaaggagatg
     3361 cacttccatc ccaaggcctt gaaggatgtg aagggccaaa ttggggcccc tatgcctggg
     3421 aaggtcatag acgtcaaggt ggcagcagga gccaaggtgg ttaagggcca gcccctctgt
     3481 gtgctcagcg ccatgaagat ggagactgtg gtgacttcgc ccatggaggg cactatccga
     3541 aaggttcacg tgaccaagga catgactctg gaaggcgatg acctcatcct agagattgag
     3601 tgatcttact ccagactggc agcctggcca accctacccc aagcctctca acagaagctg
     3661 tgcagccagg gcaggcccag gcagtacctg agggctaggc ccttgaggtc ctgtcccatg
     3721 ggacagcaca cacactacct gcaatggccc tcccattccc ttcagctatt tgtccttgtc
     3781 ttgctggcag gcagttctca catattcatc tcttgccaaa taagggtctg ctcctcgtgg
     3841 gagaccacag gtgtacagta ggtggccttg tacctgggag aggggttcta cctctggggg
     3901 tagagggaag aagacctaat tcataggtcc tgggaaattt gctcaataaa agtggccttc
     3961 ccttgccctc ca
//
