LOCUS       NM_001106695            4251 bp    mRNA    linear   ROD 23-MAR-2023
DEFINITION  Rattus norvegicus mitochondrial E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1
            (Mul1), mRNA; nuclear gene for mitochondrial product.
ACCESSION   NM_001106695 XM_001071218 XM_233584
VERSION     NM_001106695.1
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; RefSeq Select.
SOURCE      Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
  ORGANISM  Rattus norvegicus
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha;
            Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 4251)
  AUTHORS   Wang SJ, Chen H, Tang LJ, Tu H, Liu B, Li NS, Luo XJ and Peng J.
  TITLE     Upregulation of mitochondrial E3 ubiquitin ligase 1 in rat heart
            contributes to ischemia/reperfusion injury
  JOURNAL   Can J Physiol Pharmacol 98 (5), 259-266 (2020)
   PUBMED   31825666
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Upregulation of mitochondrial E3 ubiquitin ligase 1 in rat
            heart contributes to ischemia/reperfusion injury.
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 4251)
  AUTHORS   Ren KD, Liu WN, Tian J, Zhang YY, Peng JJ, Zhang D, Li NS, Yang J,
            Peng J and Luo XJ.
  TITLE     Mitochondrial E3 ubiquitin ligase 1 promotes brain injury by
            disturbing mitochondrial dynamics in a rat model of ischemic stroke
  JOURNAL   Eur J Pharmacol 861, 172617 (2019)
   PUBMED   31430457
  REMARK    GeneRIF: upregulation of Mul1 contributes to brain injury in
            ischemic stroke rats and disturbs mitochondrial dynamics through
            sumoylation of Drp1 and ubiquitination of Mfn2
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 4251)
  AUTHORS   Zhao Y, Ponnusamy M, Liu C, Tian J, Dong Y, Gao J, Wang C, Zhang Y,
            Zhang L, Wang K and Li P.
  TITLE     MiR-485-5p modulates mitochondrial fission through targeting
            mitochondrial anchored protein ligase in cardiac hypertrophy
  JOURNAL   Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 1863 (11), 2871-2881 (2017)
   PUBMED   28782654
  REMARK    GeneRIF: this study exhibits a novel signaling axis composed of
            miR-485-5p/MAPL/Mfn2, which regulates mitochondrial machinery and
            cardiac hypertrophy.
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 4251)
  AUTHORS   Kim SY, Kim HJ, Park MK, Huh JW, Park HY, Ha SY, Shin JH and Lee
            YS.
  TITLE     Mitochondrial E3 Ubiquitin Protein Ligase 1 Mediates Cigarette
            Smoke-Induced Endothelial Cell Death and Dysfunction
  JOURNAL   Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 54 (2), 284-296 (2016)
   PUBMED   26203915
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Cigarette smoke-induced MUL1 elevation mediates Akt
            ubiquitination/degradation, potentially leading to pulmonary
            endothelial cell death and functional impairment.
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 4251)
  AUTHORS   Yun J, Puri R, Yang H, Lizzio MA, Wu C, Sheng ZH and Guo M.
  TITLE     MUL1 acts in parallel to the PINK1/parkin pathway in regulating
            mitofusin and compensates for loss of PINK1/parkin
  JOURNAL   Elife 3, e01958 (2014)
   PUBMED   24898855
  REMARK    Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 4251)
  AUTHORS   Braschi E, Zunino R and McBride HM.
  TITLE     MAPL is a new mitochondrial SUMO E3 ligase that regulates
            mitochondrial fission
  JOURNAL   EMBO Rep 10 (7), 748-754 (2009)
   PUBMED   19407830
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 4251)
  AUTHORS   Zhang B, Huang J, Li HL, Liu T, Wang YY, Waterman P, Mao AP, Xu LG,
            Zhai Z, Liu D, Marrack P and Shu HB.
  TITLE     GIDE is a mitochondrial E3 ubiquitin ligase that induces apoptosis
            and slows growth
  JOURNAL   Cell Res 18 (9), 900-910 (2008)
   PUBMED   18591963
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 4251)
  AUTHORS   Li W, Bengtson MH, Ulbrich A, Matsuda A, Reddy VA, Orth A, Chanda
            SK, Batalov S and Joazeiro CA.
  TITLE     Genome-wide and functional annotation of human E3 ubiquitin ligases
            identifies MULAN, a mitochondrial E3 that regulates the organelle's
            dynamics and signaling
  JOURNAL   PLoS One 3 (1), e1487 (2008)
   PUBMED   18213395
  REMARK    Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 4251)
  AUTHORS   Neuspiel M, Schauss AC, Braschi E, Zunino R, Rippstein P,
            Rachubinski RA, Andrade-Navarro MA and McBride HM.
  TITLE     Cargo-selected transport from the mitochondria to peroxisomes is
            mediated by vesicular carriers
  JOURNAL   Curr Biol 18 (2), 102-108 (2008)
   PUBMED   18207745
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 4251)
  AUTHORS   Matsuda A, Suzuki Y, Honda G, Muramatsu S, Matsuzaki O, Nagano Y,
            Doi T, Shimotohno K, Harada T, Nishida E, Hayashi H and Sugano S.
  TITLE     Large-scale identification and characterization of human genes that
            activate NF-kappaB and MAPK signaling pathways
  JOURNAL   Oncogene 22 (21), 3307-3318 (2003)
   PUBMED   12761501
COMMENT     PROVISIONAL REFSEQ: This record has not yet been subject to final
            NCBI review. The reference sequence was derived from CH473968.1.
            
            On or before Oct 4, 2007 this sequence version replaced
            XM_233584.4, XM_001071218.1.
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: DY310568.1, CB546043.1 [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: single sample supports all introns
                                           SAMD00132261, SAMD00132263
                                           [ECO:0000348]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            gene product(s) localized to mito. :: inferred from homology
            RefSeq Select criteria             :: based on conservation,
                                                  expression, longest protein
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..4251
                     /organism="Rattus norvegicus"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:10116"
                     /chromosome="5"
                     /map="5q36"
     gene            1..4251
                     /gene="Mul1"
                     /gene_synonym="RGD1309944"
                     /note="mitochondrial E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:298576"
                     /db_xref="RGD:1309944"
     exon            1..219
                     /gene="Mul1"
                     /gene_synonym="RGD1309944"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             100..1158
                     /gene="Mul1"
                     /gene_synonym="RGD1309944"
                     /EC_number="2.3.2.27"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="mitochondrial ubiquitin ligase activator of NFKB
                     1"
                     /protein_id="NP_001100165.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:298576"
                     /db_xref="RGD:1309944"
                     /translation="MESGSRPSLGQVILLGTSSMVTAVLYSIYRQKAQVAQELKGAKK
                     IHLGEDLKAILSEAPGKCVPYAVIEGAVRSVKETLNSQFVENCKGVIQRLTLQEHKMV
                     WNRTTHLWNDYSKIIHQRTNTVPFDLVPHEDGVAMAVRVLKPLDSVDLGLETVYEKFH
                     PSVQSFTDAIGHYISGERPKGVQETEEMLKVGATLTGIGELVLDNNSVRLQPPKQGMQ
                     YYLSSQDFDSLLHRQESSVRLWKVLVLVFGFATCATLFFILRKQYLQRQERLRQQQLQ
                     DEFLEHEAHLLSQASPEDRESLKSACVVCLSNFKSCVFLECGHVCSCRQCYLALPEPK
                     RCPICRRGITRVIPLYNS"
     exon            220..307
                     /gene="Mul1"
                     /gene_synonym="RGD1309944"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            308..428
                     /gene="Mul1"
                     /gene_synonym="RGD1309944"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            429..4251
                     /gene="Mul1"
                     /gene_synonym="RGD1309944"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
ORIGIN      
        1 tcatcaacgg gcgcccggcc tacggtttcc gggaagggct gcgcagctgc gtaggggtcg
       61 cgggtgattt cgaggcagct ggcgcggctc ggggtcgcca tggagagcgg atcgcggccg
      121 tcactcggtc aggtcatcct gctgggcacc agctcgatgg tcaccgccgt actgtactcc
      181 atataccggc agaaggccca ggtcgcccag gaactcaagg gagctaagaa gattcatttg
      241 ggtgaagatt taaaggccat tctttcagaa gcaccgggaa agtgtgtgcc ttatgctgtc
      301 attgaaggag ctgtgcggtc ggttaaagaa acgctcaaca gccagtttgt ggagaactgc
      361 aagggggtga tccagcggct gacgcttcag gagcataaga tggtgtggaa ccgaacaacc
      421 cacctgtgga atgactattc caagatcatt caccagagga ctaacactgt gccctttgac
      481 cttgtgcccc acgaggacgg tgtggctatg gctgtgcgag tgctgaagcc cctggactcg
      541 gtggatctgg gcctagagac tgtgtacgag aagttccacc cctctgtaca gtccttcacc
      601 gatgccatcg gccactacat cagtggggag cggcccaaag gcgtccagga gacagaggag
      661 atgctgaagg tcggggccac cctcacgggc attggtgagc tggtcctgga caacaactct
      721 gtccgcctac agccccccaa gcaaggcatg cagtactatc tgagcagcca ggacttcgac
      781 agcctgctgc acaggcagga gtctagtgtg cggctctgga aggttctggt acttgtgttc
      841 ggctttgcca cctgcgccac cctcttcttc atcctgagga agcagtacct tcagcggcag
      901 gagcgcctgc gccagcagca gctccaggac gagttcctgg agcacgaggc ccacctgctg
      961 agccaagcct ctcctgagga cagggagagt ctgaagagcg cctgtgttgt ttgtctgagc
     1021 aacttcaagt cttgtgtctt cctcgagtgt gggcacgtgt gttcctgccg ccagtgttac
     1081 cttgccttgc cagagcccaa gaggtgcccg atctgtcggc ggggtatcac cagggtgata
     1141 cccctgtata acagctaggg gatcttgcag tcacactgca aatgtccttc ctcttgtcag
     1201 ggtctgcctt gaggcctttg gtggggtggc tgtgccttca tgtgtgatgg aggagacacc
     1261 ggcgagcctc acgtgtccaa tagctccgtg ttgcttttca acctggatgg gtccctttcc
     1321 agttccagac cctggtgggg gctttggtga ggccccttct caggagctcg atccacgttg
     1381 tgtgattcaa taagaccagc tcattgtcca ggctccatgg ccagtcctct ccactcgtgc
     1441 tgcctggggg ggatgggcgt gggaggggtg accctgagag ggcctcacag catggcctct
     1501 tgggaggctg cccagactcc ctctcttgct tcttgctcag gggaaggcat ttttttcttt
     1561 tttctttttt tcggagctgg ggaccgaacc cagggccttg cacttgctag gcaagcgctc
     1621 taccactgac taaatcccca accccagggg aaggcatttt tgaagacttg tcaggtgggc
     1681 aggccgctgt gtctctctta ctcggttact gagtaatgat gtgtgaacca agaagggagg
     1741 tcagccggtc tgcttggcac atctgggtgg ggcataggtc agcaggagga caggaagctt
     1801 ttcgagggtt tctaggttgg caggtagcct gggtgttttc ctttgacaca gggaaagccc
     1861 cagagctgtg gatgtggagc tactattact gcttggcttc cccaggctgc tccggtctcc
     1921 catagagaga cctcactaaa agagagtgaa gggtgctgct gtcctggcct ctggcccagt
     1981 agcttctttg cttgcttttg ccaaagaaag gtgtccgacg ggcacaccca cagtgtcagg
     2041 actacttcac tgtccccagc agcagcccca acagcccctc tccctccccc accctttgac
     2101 ttgtgagtac aagagaaatt agaaactatc cagtggtcag tcatccaaac agctcttctc
     2161 ttcctcgaac actctcccgg cctcctgtga tgggggaagg gcttcttcca ggcactggca
     2221 ggagcacatg ccaggcctga gtgagcagca cagattagac agattgtgtc acgtgtgtgc
     2281 ctggtgcttt gttcactaac gttaagtggc tgagagttgc ctgggatgga gttgaagccc
     2341 caccaccaca ggataaagat ggatctcgaa gacctgtttt cctcttgagc ttcccaagat
     2401 gaggtccagt tcatggttgt tgaggccccc atgctcacca agcccacagt gggactctag
     2461 ggagccctga agacttccct agacacctgg cctggggtac tgcctggcct tgctgacata
     2521 gttatctgac aaaatgtgtc ttatttggag cactggagaa gctgaggtgg catggggcac
     2581 tgagtgccag cagggggaca ttagtattca gtgcagtgtg cccggtatta ttctagttgc
     2641 tatcataaac tgggcttggt agcaagccag tcttgtttga ggctagccca gtctacatag
     2701 tgagacccta tctcagagca gctggggctc gagtgatggc tcagtggcca ggagcacttc
     2761 ccttgttcat gcagaggacc agctctctgc cagtgtgctc agaaccatct ggggatccca
     2821 cgccctcttc tgagggtact agacatgcac accgtgtgca gacatgcatg caggtaaaat
     2881 gtgtgctcac aaaactaaaa acctgaaaaa gaaaaccaac cctgcatttg tggagtcatc
     2941 acagcccata gactgtgcca acgagtgtgt gaaccagaag agaagttcat gagggttcaa
     3001 agctcattgg caagttacag ccaccacctg aactccaaat aaacagagct tcaagaacag
     3061 aatccagtct cccccagtaa actccaagaa gttcagcagc aacacaaagt ctggaggaag
     3121 atgaccatgg tagagggaca gagagtctga tagccagtag agcccgccca gtgaggtgtg
     3181 aagaccttgg caggacaggg taaggggacc actgggaagc cctaaccccc ttccctggcc
     3241 tttctgtaag gcagctgcaa gggcccagtg gggctcagat ggtggttttg gagcccacct
     3301 atgccggaat caagaacaaa tctcatcaaa gggcttagga gagagggctt gtctgtccca
     3361 ctgagtggac ccctgcaggt gcctcccacc atgggagaca ggagcaaaag agtcttccag
     3421 ccatcaaaag tgggcgtatc ccctggtgct aggatttggg ctcaacgtcc ctgcttgagc
     3481 ctagcatatc tgaccctgcc gctgactttt gctacacttt tacctgtcat ccgtgtcgac
     3541 tccttccttc tgctcttcat ggctcacctc cgggagggtg ctgaggtctc atgggggctt
     3601 caacaaccta acccagtatg tgggaccaag cctgggttga agggtgctta ggggagcaga
     3661 gccaggaagg gagctgtcag tggggctggg gtgtcctgag cacctgccat tctccgcagc
     3721 cccgttcatc cctggcagag gggactgggc ggaaatcatc ttgaataagt gctgccgact
     3781 tggcacacct gtgcaggact gtaggtgcta aggcttcacc cccacagtat cgctacccct
     3841 agttcttttc tagcatttga actcagccta actataaagc cagtaatagc ctttgctggg
     3901 agcccttgag attcctggga ccttctcaga gactgagcag cagatgcctc aacccttacg
     3961 aacaatggcc tagagtccgc ttaggttcgc cacacatctt cctgtgcaca cgaagtcatc
     4021 tctagatatc ctttttttcc ttctttcttt tttttttttt tttttggagc tggggaccaa
     4081 acccagggcc ttgcgcttag ctaggcaaaa gctctaccac tgagctaaat cccaacccct
     4141 tctagatatc ctatacaaga caggtcccag gcgcccgggg gagagggtga ctgctgtttg
     4201 gggatgagga aaataaatgt gtacatgctc agtttggttt ctctcttgga t
//
