LOCUS       NM_001109615            3691 bp    mRNA    linear   ROD 03-APR-2024
DEFINITION  Rattus norvegicus glycogen synthase 1 (Gys1), mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_001109615 XM_001076910 XM_001076928 XM_001076950 XM_001076978
            XM_001077000
VERSION     NM_001109615.1
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; RefSeq Select.
SOURCE      Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
  ORGANISM  Rattus norvegicus
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha;
            Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 3691)
  AUTHORS   Tagliabracci,V.S., Heiss,C., Karthik,C., Contreras,C.J.,
            Glushka,J., Ishihara,M., Azadi,P., Hurley,T.D., DePaoli-Roach,A.A.
            and Roach,P.J.
  TITLE     Phosphate incorporation during glycogen synthesis and Lafora
            disease
  JOURNAL   Cell Metab 13 (3), 274-282 (2011)
   PUBMED   21356517
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 3691)
  AUTHORS   Lai,Y.C., Stuenaes,J.T., Kuo,C.H. and Jensen,J.
  TITLE     Insulin-stimulated glycogen synthesis and glycogen synthase
            activation after electrical stimulation of epitrochlearis muscles
            with different initial glycogen contents
  JOURNAL   Arch Physiol Biochem 116 (3), 116-127 (2010)
   PUBMED   20597590
  REMARK    GeneRIF: After contraction insulin-stimulated glycogen synthesis
            was increased by rather similar magnitude at all glycogen contents
            in concert with increased glycogen synthase activation.
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 3691)
  AUTHORS   Ghosh,D., Lippert,D., Krokhin,O., Cortens,J.P. and Wilkins,J.A.
  TITLE     Defining the membrane proteome of NK cells
  JOURNAL   J Mass Spectrom 45 (1), 1-25 (2010)
   PUBMED   19946888
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 3691)
  AUTHORS   Cameron,J.M., Levandovskiy,V., MacKay,N., Utgikar,R., Ackerley,C.,
            Chiasson,D., Halliday,W., Raiman,J. and Robinson,B.H.
  TITLE     Identification of a novel mutation in GYS1 (muscle-specific
            glycogen synthase) resulting in sudden cardiac death, that is
            diagnosable from skin fibroblasts
  JOURNAL   Mol Genet Metab 98 (4), 378-382 (2009)
   PUBMED   19699667
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 3691)
  AUTHORS   Lai,Y.C., Lin,F.C. and Jensen,J.
  TITLE     Glycogen content regulates insulin- but not contraction-mediated
            glycogen synthase activation in the rat slow-twitch soleus muscles
  JOURNAL   Acta Physiol (Oxf) 197 (2), 139-150 (2009)
   PUBMED   19432592
  REMARK    GeneRIF: After contraction, glycogen synthase (GS) was increased to
            similar levels in muscles with low, normal and high glycogen
            content; rate of glycogen synthesis after contraction was also
            similar; insulin increased GS activation at all glycogen contents.
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 3691)
  AUTHORS   Grekinis,D., Reimann,E.M. and Schlender,K.K.
  TITLE     Phosphorylation and inactivation of rat heart glycogen synthase by
            cAMP-dependent and cAMP-independent protein kinases
  JOURNAL   Int J Biochem Cell Biol 27 (6), 565-573 (1995)
   PUBMED   7671134
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 3691)
  AUTHORS   Lomako,J., Lomako,W.M., Whelan,W.J., Dombro,R.S., Neary,J.T. and
            Norenberg,M.D.
  TITLE     Glycogen synthesis in the astrocyte: from glycogenin to proglycogen
            to glycogen
  JOURNAL   FASEB J 7 (14), 1386-1393 (1993)
   PUBMED   8224611
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 3691)
  AUTHORS   Jaspers,S.R., Rulfs,J., Johnson,G.L., Mole,J.E. and Miller,T.B. Jr.
  TITLE     Amino-terminal sequence analysis of rat heart and muscle glycogen
            synthase: homology to the rabbit enzyme and the implications for
            hormonal control
  JOURNAL   Arch Biochem Biophys 268 (2), 630-636 (1989)
   PUBMED   2492421
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 3691)
  AUTHORS   Satoh,K. and Sato,K.
  TITLE     Glycogen-binding protein components of rat tissues
  JOURNAL   Biochem Biophys Res Commun 96 (1), 28-33 (1980)
   PUBMED   6449198
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 3691)
  AUTHORS   Dietz,M.R., Chiasson,J.L., Soderling,T.R. and Exton,J.H.
  TITLE     Epinephrine regulation of skeletal muscle glycogen metabolism.
            Studies utilizing the perfused rat hindlimb preparation
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 255 (6), 2301-2307 (1980)
   PUBMED   6244274
COMMENT     PROVISIONAL REFSEQ: This record has not yet been subject to final
            NCBI review. The reference sequence was derived from CH473979.2.
            
            On or before Oct 4, 2007 this sequence version replaced
            XM_001077000.1, XM_001076928.1, XM_001076978.1, XM_001076950.1,
            XM_001076910.1.
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: BC131849.1 [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: single sample supports all introns
                                           SAMD00132261, SAMD00132262
                                           [ECO:0000348]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            RefSeq Select criteria :: based on single protein-coding transcript
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..3691
                     /organism="Rattus norvegicus"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:10116"
                     /chromosome="1"
                     /map="1q22"
     gene            1..3691
                     /gene="Gys1"
                     /note="glycogen synthase 1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:690987"
                     /db_xref="RGD:1589798"
     exon            1..333
                     /gene="Gys1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             216..2432
                     /gene="Gys1"
                     /EC_number="2.4.1.11"
                     /note="glycogen synthase 1, muscle"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="glycogen [starch] synthase, muscle"
                     /protein_id="NP_001103085.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:690987"
                     /db_xref="RGD:1589798"
                     /translation="MPLSRSLSMSSLPGLEDWEDEFDPENAVLFEVAWEVANKVGGIY
                     TVLQTKAKVTGDEWGDNYYLVGPYTEQGVRTQVELLEPPTPELKRTLDSMNSKGCKVY
                     FGRWLIEGGPLVVLLDVGASAWALERWKGELWDTCNIGVPWYDREANDAVLFGFLTTW
                     FLGEFLAQNEEKPYVVAHFHEWLAGVGLCLCRARRLPVATIFTTHATLLGRYLCAGAV
                     DFYNNLENFNVDKEAGERQIYHRYCMERAAAHCAHVFTTVSQITAIEAQHLLKRKPDI
                     VTPNGLNVKKFSAMHEFQNLHAQSKARIQEFVRGHFYGHLDFNLDKTLYFFIAGRYEF
                     SNKGADIFLEALARLNYLLRVNGSEQTVVAFFIMPARTNNFNVETLKGQAVRKQLWDT
                     ANTVKEKFGRKLYESLLVGSLPDMNKMLDKEDFTMMKRAIFATQRQSFPPVCTHNMLD
                     DSSDPILTTIRRIGLFNSSADRVKVIFHPEFLSSTSPLLPVDYEEFVRGCHLGVFPSY
                     YEPWGYTPAECTVMGIPSISTNLSGFGCFMEEHIADPSAYGIYILDRRFRSLDDSCSQ
                     LTSFLYSFCQQSRRQRIIQRNRTERLSDLLDWKYLGRYYMSARHMALAKAFPDHFTYE
                     PHEVDATQGYRYPRPASVPPSPSLSRHSSPHQSEDEEEPRDGPLREDSERYDEEEEAA
                     KDRRNIRAPEWPRRASCSSSTGGSKRSNSVDTGPSSSLSTPTEPLSPTSSLGEERN"
     exon            334..515
                     /gene="Gys1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            516..707
                     /gene="Gys1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            708..893
                     /gene="Gys1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            894..1038
                     /gene="Gys1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1039..1156
                     /gene="Gys1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1157..1277
                     /gene="Gys1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1278..1384
                     /gene="Gys1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1385..1444
                     /gene="Gys1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1445..1523
                     /gene="Gys1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1524..1637
                     /gene="Gys1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1638..1764
                     /gene="Gys1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1765..1860
                     /gene="Gys1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1861..2024
                     /gene="Gys1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            2025..2105
                     /gene="Gys1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            2106..3691
                     /gene="Gys1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
ORIGIN      
        1 cactgcagct gccctcccga ttcagtgtcg ccgctcaccc tacctgagtc ggagtgctct
       61 ggggcggggg tgcggtcgtg caataggaag cagagcgcct tgcaagcttc ccgtaggaca
      121 cccgttaacc cgaccggtca ccaagtctgg tgcattccca gccgacctct cgggtttcca
      181 tttttggtgc tcgaagtccc ctgcccgcag tagccatgcc tctcagccgc agtctctcta
      241 tgtcctcgct tccaggattg gaagactggg aggatgaatt cgacccggag aacgcagtgc
      301 ttttcgaggt ggcctgggag gtggccaaca aggtgggtgg catctacact gtgctgcaga
      361 cgaaggcgaa ggtgaccggg gatgaatggg gtgacaacta ctatctggtg ggaccataca
      421 cggagcaggg tgtgaggacg caggtggagc tcctggagcc cccaactcct gaactgaaga
      481 ggactctgga ttccatgaac agcaagggct gtaaggtgta ttttgggcgt tggctgatcg
      541 aggggggacc cctagtggtg ctcctggatg taggggcctc agcctgggcc ctggagcgct
      601 ggaagggtga actttgggac acctgcaaca tcggggtacc ctggtacgac cgtgaggcca
      661 atgatgccgt cctgtttggt ttcctcacca cctggttcct gggtgagttc ctggcccaga
      721 atgaagagaa gccatatgtg gtcgcccact tccatgaatg gttggcaggc gttggtctgt
      781 gtctgtgccg agcccggcgt ttgccggtgg caaccatctt caccactcac gccacgctgc
      841 tgggtcgcta cctatgtgct ggtgccgtgg acttctacaa caacctggag aatttcaatg
      901 tagacaagga agcaggcgag aggcagatct atcaccggta ctgcatggag cgggcagcag
      961 cccactgtgc ccatgtcttc actacagtgt cccagatcac cgcgattgag gctcaacacc
     1021 tcctcaagag gaaaccagat attgtgaccc ccaatggact aaatgtgaag aagttctctg
     1081 ctatgcacga attccagaac cttcacgctc agagcaaagc acgaatccag gagtttgtgc
     1141 gtggccattt ttatgggcac ctggacttca acctagacaa gactttgtat ttctttatcg
     1201 ctggacgcta tgagttttcc aacaagggag ctgatatatt cctggaggca ttggcccggc
     1261 tcaactacct gctcagagtg aatggcagcg agcaaactgt tgtggcattc ttcatcatgc
     1321 cggctcggac caacaacttc aacgtggaaa ccctgaaggg ccaagccgtg cgcaaacagc
     1381 tatgggacac agccaataca gtcaaggaga aatttgggag gaagctctac gaatccctat
     1441 tagtgggtag cctccccgac atgaacaaga tgctggacaa ggaggacttc actatgatga
     1501 agagagccat ctttgcgact cagcggcagt ctttcccacc ggtgtgtacc cacaacatgc
     1561 tggatgactc ttcagacccc atcttgacca ccatccgacg aatcggcctt ttcaacagta
     1621 gtgcggaccg tgtgaaggtg atttttcacc cagaattcct ttcttccaca agccctctgc
     1681 tccccgtgga ctatgaagag ttcgtccgtg gctgtcacct tggagtcttc ccctcctact
     1741 atgagccctg gggctacaca ccagcggagt gcactgtcat gggcatcccg agcatctcca
     1801 cgaacctctc cggctttggc tgctttatgg aggagcacat tgcagatccc tcggcttacg
     1861 gcatttacat tctggatcgg aggttccgaa gcctggatga ttcatgctcc caactcacct
     1921 ccttcctgta cagcttctgt cagcagagcc ggcgacagcg catcattcag cggaatcgca
     1981 cagagcgatt gtcagacctg ctggattgga agtacctagg ccggtactac atgtctgcgc
     2041 gccacatggc tctggccaag gcctttccag accacttcac ctatgagccc catgaggtag
     2101 atgcgaccca ggggtaccgt tacccacggc cggcctccgt gccaccgtca ccctcactgt
     2161 ctcgacactc cagcccacac cagagtgagg atgaagaaga gccacgggat ggacccctga
     2221 gggaagacag tgagcgttat gatgaggaag aagaggctgc caaggaccgc cgcaacatcc
     2281 gggcacccga gtggccacgc cgggcctcct gctcctcctc cacaggcggc agcaagagaa
     2341 gcaactcagt ggacactggg ccctccagct cactcagtac acccactgag cccctgagtc
     2401 ctaccagttc cctgggcgag gagcgcaact aaggccccac ccccatccca accccattcc
     2461 ctgcctgttc cgtgcccctc tcgcagaggg cctatgcaga tgggagggtg cctgaacccc
     2521 actccagacc ctgagtggaa cccttaccca gtgtggtcca tagcccaacc tctgtttcag
     2581 acactccagc cctccggctc cagtcttgga gttcccacac tccacgccac cgtgcctttc
     2641 ttggatcgca gaactcattc tttatgcact gacctggagt ctccgggctt agactgggtc
     2701 ccagaggcca gagatctgcc tttgttcttc agaggtttta ggacacctgg tttattggtt
     2761 tccaggctgc tgcttctttc gtttgatcct atagtcatac agagtatgct atgctcaggc
     2821 ctgcccccct gggaccacct catgttagat tctgtgtggc ttccctacag ctgaaacagc
     2881 caagttcaga gttaggacat ttcagggatt aacataatcg aataccagct tcgaggtagt
     2941 caggtggcag gttgcttacc tagaatgctg gaatccctgg atctagttct acgacctcat
     3001 aaacctggtg tggtgatcca catctgtaac cccagcactc agtaggtagc ggtataagga
     3061 tcaggcgtta atggtcatcc tctgctacgt agcgagttca aggccaaggg ggacaacatg
     3121 agacactgtc tcgaaagcaa aggtagccga ttgctatggt tctccatttc aacccagtct
     3181 gagatgccag acatgctgta aagttggcct ccctggacat gtcccgttca tttcttcaag
     3241 gagcatgtgg agttgaacca gacacctttc tgccttattc tggaccagaa cttatctttt
     3301 ccttggtcca gtgtccccac tagggagtgc ctctattgag ggcagaatgt cggtcaaccc
     3361 cgcaactgct tggcccactg tgaaaccact gggttctggg tcctgggtcc tggtgactga
     3421 aatcaggagt cttgtcactg tgctgcaccc tggtcctctt ttcctgatac aaaagtgagc
     3481 ccaccggctt cttgaagccc cacgtgtacc tcgaggcctc tctgcctgca agctttgtcc
     3541 tgcccccagc ttcagtgaat gggcaggccc ctcctcacgc atgctgtgtc tggcccaatg
     3601 cctttggatt gcatttggga gtgggagggc agaaggtgtg tgattggagt gtgttcagag
     3661 atgaaaaaat acagctgtat ttaagactgc c
//
