LOCUS       NM_031756               2754 bp    mRNA    linear   ROD 06-OCT-2024
DEFINITION  Rattus norvegicus gamma-glutamyl carboxylase (Ggcx), mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_031756
VERSION     NM_031756.1
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; RefSeq Select.
SOURCE      Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
  ORGANISM  Rattus norvegicus
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha;
            Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 2754)
  AUTHORS   McCabe,K.M., Booth,S.L., Fu,X., Ward,E., Adams,M.A. and Holden,R.M.
  TITLE     Vitamin K Metabolism in a Rat Model of Chronic Kidney Disease
  JOURNAL   Am J Nephrol 45 (1), 4-13 (2017)
   PUBMED   27846632
  REMARK    GeneRIF: In a rat model of chronic kidney disease, there was a
            decrease in the thoracic aorta expression of Vkor and Ggcx enzymes,
            and a decrease in the kidney level of vitamin K1 to MK-4
            bioconversion enzyme Ubiad1.
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 2754)
  AUTHORS   Gamal,S.M., Sadek,N.B., Rashed,L.A., Shawky,H.M. and Gamal
            El-Din,M.M.
  TITLE     Effect of gamma-carboxylase inhibition on serum osteocalcin may be
            partially protective against developing diabetic cardiomyopathy in
            type 2 diabetic rats
  JOURNAL   Diab Vasc Dis Res 13 (6), 405-417 (2016)
   PUBMED   27488359
  REMARK    GeneRIF: gamma-Carboxylase inhibition prevents osteocalcin
            carboxylation and protects against diabetic cardiomyopathy,
            possibly through direct action on upregulated G protein-coupled
            receptor family C group 6 member A and indirectly via adiponectin.
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 2754)
  AUTHORS   Tie,J.K. and Stafford,D.W.
  TITLE     Structural and functional insights into enzymes of the vitamin K
            cycle
  JOURNAL   J Thromb Haemost 14 (2), 236-247 (2016)
   PUBMED   26663892
  REMARK    Review article
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 2754)
  AUTHORS   Azuma,K., Tsukui,T., Ikeda,K., Shiba,S., Nakagawa,K., Okano,T.,
            Urano,T., Horie-Inoue,K., Ouchi,Y., Ikawa,M. and Inoue,S.
  TITLE     Liver-specific gamma-glutamyl carboxylase-deficient mice display
            bleeding diathesis and short life span
  JOURNAL   PLoS One 9 (2), e88643 (2014)
   PUBMED   24520408
  REMARK    Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 2754)
  AUTHORS   Doyon,M., Mathieu,P. and Moreau,P.
  TITLE     Decreased expression of gamma-carboxylase in diabetes-associated
            arterial stiffness: impact on matrix Gla protein
  JOURNAL   Cardiovasc Res 97 (2), 331-338 (2013)
   PUBMED   23118128
  REMARK    GeneRIF: reduced gamma-Carboxylated MGP (cMGP), through an impaired
            expression of gamma-carboxylase, is involved in the early
            development of Medial artery calcification (MAC)in diabetes.
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 2754)
  AUTHORS   Gallaher,K.J., Rannels,D.E. and Rannels,S.R.
  TITLE     Vitamin K-dependent carboxylase activity in fetal rat lung:
            developmental effects of dexamethasone and triiodothyronine
  JOURNAL   Pediatr Res 25 (5), 530-534 (1989)
   PUBMED   2717270
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 2754)
  AUTHORS   McTigue,J.J. and Suttie,J.W.
  TITLE     Oxygen dependence of vitamin K-dependent carboxylase and vitamin K
            epoxidase
  JOURNAL   FEBS Lett 200 (1), 71-75 (1986)
   PUBMED   3699166
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 2754)
  AUTHORS   Karl,P.I., Carnes,D.L. and Friedman,P.A.
  TITLE     Effects of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol administration on the rat
            renal vitamin K-dependent carboxylating system
  JOURNAL   FEBS Lett 192 (2), 243-246 (1985)
   PUBMED   3840747
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 2754)
  AUTHORS   Karl,P.I. and Friedman,P.A.
  TITLE     Effects of parathyroid hormone and vitamin D on the renal vitamin
            K-dependent carboxylating system
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 258 (21), 12783-12786 (1983)
   PUBMED   6688809
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 2754)
  AUTHORS   Larson,A.E. and Suttie,J.W.
  TITLE     Vitamin K-dependent carboxylase: effect of Mn2+ and other divalent
            cations
  JOURNAL   FEBS Lett 118 (1), 95-98 (1980)
   PUBMED   7409196
COMMENT     PROVISIONAL REFSEQ: This record has not yet been subject to final
            NCBI review. The reference sequence was derived from AF065387.1.
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: AF065387.1, BC168647.1 [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: single sample supports all introns
                                           SAMD00132261, SAMD00132262
                                           [ECO:0000348]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            RefSeq Select criteria :: based on conservation, expression,
                                      longest protein
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..2754
                     /organism="Rattus norvegicus"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /strain="Sprague-Dawley"
                     /db_xref="taxon:10116"
                     /chromosome="4"
                     /map="4q32"
     gene            1..2754
                     /gene="Ggcx"
                     /note="gamma-glutamyl carboxylase"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:81716"
                     /db_xref="RGD:68383"
     exon            1..118
                     /gene="Ggcx"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             76..2352
                     /gene="Ggcx"
                     /EC_number="4.1.1.90"
                     /note="vitamin K gamma glutamyl carboxylase;
                     peptidyl-glutamate 4-carboxylase; vitamin K-dependent
                     gamma-glutamyl carboxylase"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="vitamin K-dependent gamma-carboxylase"
                     /protein_id="NP_113944.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:81716"
                     /db_xref="RGD:68383"
                     /translation="MAVHRGSARAAPASDKVQKNKPAQTSGLEQGSRMARIFGFEWAD
                     LSSWQSVVTLLNRPTDPANLAVFRFLFAFLMLLDIPQERGLSSLDRKYLDGLDVCRFP
                     LLDALRPLPLDWMYLVYTIMFLGALGMMLGLWYRLSCMLFLLPYWYVFLLDKTSWNNH
                     SYLYGLLAFQLTFMDANHYWSVDGLLSAQKKNAHVPLWNYTVLRGQIFIVYFIAGVKK
                     LDADWVEGYSMEHLSRHWLFSPFKLVLSEELTSLLVVHWCGLLLDLSAGFLLFFDASR
                     PIGLVFVSYFHCMNSQLFSIGMFPYVMLASSPLFCSAEWPRKLVARCPKRLQELLPAK
                     AAPRPSASCVYKRARAKAGQKPGLRHHLGTVFTLLYLLEQLFLPYSHFLTQGYNNWTN
                     GLYGYSWDMMVHSRSHQHVKITYRDGLTGELGYLNPGVFTQSRRWKDHADMLKQYATC
                     LSLLLPKYNVTEPQIYFDIWVSINDRFQQRLFDPRVDIVQAVWSPFRRTPWVQPLLMD
                     LSPWRTKLQDIKSSLDNHTEVVFIADFPGLHLENFVSEDLGNTSIQLLQGEVTVELVA
                     EQKNQTLREGEKMQLPAGEYHKVYTVSSSPSCYMYIYVNTTEVALEQDLAYLQELKEK
                     VENGSETGPLPPELQPLLEGEVKGGPEPTPLVQTFLRRQRKLQEIERRRNSPLHERFL
                     RFVLRKLYVFRRSFLMTRISLRNLLFGRPSLEQLAQEVTYANLRPFEPVDESSASNTD
                     SSDPHPSEPDSEHVHSEL"
     exon            119..289
                     /gene="Ggcx"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            290..448
                     /gene="Ggcx"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            449..614
                     /gene="Ggcx"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            615..693
                     /gene="Ggcx"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            694..800
                     /gene="Ggcx"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            801..964
                     /gene="Ggcx"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            965..1230
                     /gene="Ggcx"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1231..1362
                     /gene="Ggcx"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1363..1514
                     /gene="Ggcx"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1515..1684
                     /gene="Ggcx"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1685..1815
                     /gene="Ggcx"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1816..1963
                     /gene="Ggcx"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1964..2159
                     /gene="Ggcx"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            2160..2738
                     /gene="Ggcx"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
ORIGIN      
        1 agacagcaag tctaagtctg gaggttccac tgattcggac ctggctgcag agaggttcac
       61 ctattccctg cagtcatggc tgtccaccgt ggctctgcac gagctgctcc cgcctcagat
      121 aaagtacaga aaaacaagcc tgcacagaca tcggggctgg aacagggcag ccgaatggcg
      181 agaatttttg ggtttgaatg ggcagattta tccagctggc agagtgtcgt gaccctactt
      241 aaccgaccaa cggaccctgc aaacctggct gtcttccgtt ttctctttgc attcttgatg
      301 ctgctggaca tcccccagga acggggcctt agctccctgg accgaaaata cttggatggg
      361 ctggatgtgt gccgcttccc cttgctggat gccttgcgcc cactgccact tgactggatg
      421 tatctcgtct acaccatcat gtttctgggg gcactgggca tgatgctggg cctgtggtac
      481 cggctaagct gtatgttatt cctgctacca tactggtacg tgtttctcct ggacaagaca
      541 tcgtggaaca atcactccta tctgtatggt ttgttggcct ttcagttgac attcatggat
      601 gcaaaccact actggtctgt ggatggcctg ctgagtgccc aaaagaagaa tgctcacgtg
      661 cccctttgga actacacagt cctgcgtggc cagatcttca ttgtgtattt cattgcgggt
      721 gtgaaaaagc tggatgctga ctgggttgag ggctactcca tggagcattt gtcccggcac
      781 tggcttttta gtcccttcaa gctagtgttg tcggaggagc tgacaagcct gctggtggta
      841 cactggtgtg ggcttctcct tgacctctcg gctggcttcc tgctcttctt cgatgcctcc
      901 agacccattg gcctcgtctt cgtgtcctac tttcactgca tgaactcgca gctcttcagt
      961 ataggtatgt tcccctatgt catgctggcc agcagccctc tcttctgctc agctgaatgg
     1021 cctcggaagc tggtagcccg atgcccgaaa aggctgcaag agctgctgcc tgccaaagct
     1081 gctcctcggc ctagtgcttc ctgtgtgtat aagagggccc gggcgaaagc tggtcaaaag
     1141 ccaggcctac gccaccatct gggaactgtc ttcaccctgc tctaccttct ggagcagctc
     1201 ttcctgccct attcccattt cctcacgcag ggttacaaca actggacgaa tgggctgtat
     1261 ggctattcct gggacatgat ggtgcactcc cgctcccacc agcatgtaaa gatcacctac
     1321 cgtgatggcc tcactggaga gctgggctac cttaaccctg gggtattcac acagagccgg
     1381 cgctggaagg accatgcaga catgctgaag caatatgcca cttgcctgag cctcctgctt
     1441 cccaagtaca atgtcactga gccccagatc tactttgata tctgggtctc catcaatgac
     1501 cgcttccagc agaggctttt tgaccctcgc gtggacatcg tgcaggccgt gtggtccccc
     1561 ttccggcgca cgccttgggt gcagccactc ttgatggact tatctccctg gaggaccaag
     1621 ttacaagaca ttaagagcag tctggacaac cacactgagg tggtcttcat tgcagatttc
     1681 cctgggcttc acttggagaa ttttgtgagt gaagacctgg gcaacaccag catccagctg
     1741 ctgcagggag aagtcactgt ggaattggtg gcagaacaga aaaaccagac tcttcgagaa
     1801 ggagagaaaa tgcagttgcc tgctggagag taccataaag tctatactgt atcatctagt
     1861 ccttcctgct acatgtacat ctatgtcaac actacagagg tcgcactgga gcaagaccta
     1921 gcatatctgc aagaattaaa ggagaaggtg gagaacggaa gtgaaacagg gcccctgcct
     1981 ccagaacttc agcctctttt ggaaggggaa gtaaaagggg gccctgagcc aacacctctg
     2041 gtccaaacct ttctgagacg gcagaggaag ctccaagaaa ttgaacgaag gcgaaatagc
     2101 cctttgcatg agcgcttcct ccgctttgtg ctgcggaagc tgtatgtctt tcgacgcagc
     2161 ttcctgatga ctcgaatttc acttcgaaac ctgctatttg gccgcccttc cctagagcaa
     2221 ttagcccaag aggtgacata tgcaaacttg cgaccatttg aaccagttga tgagtcaagt
     2281 gcttcaaaca cagattcttc cgatcctcat ccttcagagc cagattctga gcatgttcac
     2341 tctgagctct gaggagtcca gatgctgtgc agctacgggg gaaggctgtt acaggcttat
     2401 tgtctgtgca aaggacagtt tttgggagag aaatgatttt gagagaggct ttcacagtac
     2461 agcccaggct ggcctcaagc tcatggtggt ccctgtttca gcctgttttg tcattacata
     2521 tatatctcca gacttagttg tttttccctt tacattttac ccccttttaa gttctttaaa
     2581 attatagctt acaggatcca aggtaaaaga gaagaatttg aatcccaaga tttgaggtgc
     2641 ttttagtttt tatacaggat ttctctgtgt agacaagact ggccttgctg acagatttac
     2701 cagcctctgc ctcctgggat taaaggaatg ggacatcaaa aaaaaaaaaa aaaa
//
