LOCUS       NM_019335               3807 bp    mRNA    linear   ROD 30-MAR-2024
DEFINITION  Rattus norvegicus eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha
            kinase 2 (Eif2ak2), mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_019335 XM_346785
VERSION     NM_019335.2
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; RefSeq Select.
SOURCE      Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
  ORGANISM  Rattus norvegicus
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha;
            Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 3807)
  AUTHORS   Felipe,V.L.J., Paula,A. V and Silvio,U.I.
  TITLE     Chikungunya virus infection induces differential inflammatory and
            antiviral responses in human monocytes and monocyte-derived
            macrophages
  JOURNAL   Acta Trop 211, 105619 (2020)
   PUBMED   32634389
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 3807)
  AUTHORS   Zhang,R., Jiang,M., Zhang,J., Qiu,Y., Li,D., Li,S., Liu,J., Liu,C.,
            Fang,Z. and Cao,F.
  TITLE     Regulation of the cerebrovascular smooth muscle cell phenotype by
            mitochondrial oxidative injury and endoplasmic reticulum stress in
            simulated microgravity rats via the PERK-eIF2alpha-ATF4-CHOP
            pathway
  JOURNAL   Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 1866 (8), 165799 (2020)
   PUBMED   32304741
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Regulation of the cerebrovascular smooth muscle cell
            phenotype by mitochondrial oxidative injury and endoplasmic
            reticulum stress in simulated microgravity rats via the
            PERK-eIF2alpha-ATF4-CHOP pathway.
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 3807)
  AUTHORS   Mangali,S., Bhat,A., Jadhav,K., Kalra,J., Sriram,D., Vamsi Krishna
            Venuganti,V. and Dhar,A.
  TITLE     Upregulation of PKR pathway mediates glucolipotoxicity induced
            diabetic cardiomyopathy in vivo in wistar rats and in vitro in
            cultured cardiomyocytes
  JOURNAL   Biochem Pharmacol 177, 113948 (2020)
   PUBMED   32251680
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Upregulation of PKR pathway mediates glucolipotoxicity
            induced diabetic cardiomyopathy in vivo in wistar rats and in vitro
            in cultured cardiomyocytes.
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 3807)
  AUTHORS   Manaud,G., Nossent,E.J., Lambert,M., Ghigna,M.R., Boet,A.,
            Vinhas,M.C., Ranchoux,B., Dumas,S.J., Courboulin,A., Girerd,B.,
            Soubrier,F., Bignard,J., Claude,O., Lecerf,F., Hautefort,A.,
            Florio,M., Sun,B., Nadaud,S., Verleden,S.E., Remy,S., Anegon,I.,
            Bogaard,H.J., Mercier,O., Fadel,E., Simonneau,G., Vonk
            Noordegraaf,A., Grunberg,K., Humbert,M., Montani,D., Dorfmuller,P.,
            Antigny,F. and Perros,F.
  TITLE     Comparison of Human and Experimental Pulmonary Veno-Occlusive
            Disease
  JOURNAL   Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 63 (1), 118-131 (2020)
   PUBMED   32209028
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 3807)
  AUTHORS   Mangali,S., Bhat,A., Udumula,M.P., Dhar,I., Sriram,D. and Dhar,A.
  TITLE     Inhibition of protein kinase R protects against palmitic
            acid-induced inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis through
            the JNK/NF-kB/NLRP3 pathway in cultured H9C2 cardiomyocytes
  JOURNAL   J Cell Biochem 120 (3), 3651-3663 (2019)
   PUBMED   30259999
  REMARK    GeneRIF: tudy reports, for the first time, that PKR-mediated
            harmful effects of PA in cultured cardiomyocytes via activation of
            JNK, NF-kB, and NLRP3 pathways. Inhibition of PKR is one of the
            possible mechanistic approaches to inhibit inflammation, oxidative
            stress, and apoptosis in lipotoxicity-induced cardiomyocyte damage.
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 3807)
  AUTHORS   Guidotti,L.G., Morris,A., Mendez,H., Koch,R., Silverman,R.H.,
            Williams,B.R. and Chisari,F.V.
  TITLE     Interferon-regulated pathways that control hepatitis B virus
            replication in transgenic mice
  JOURNAL   J Virol 76 (6), 2617-2621 (2002)
   PUBMED   11861827
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 3807)
  AUTHORS   Peel,A.L., Rao,R.V., Cottrell,B.A., Hayden,M.R., Ellerby,L.M. and
            Bredesen,D.E.
  TITLE     Double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase, PKR, binds
            preferentially to Huntington's disease (HD) transcripts and is
            activated in HD tissue
  JOURNAL   Hum Mol Genet 10 (15), 1531-1538 (2001)
   PUBMED   11468270
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 3807)
  AUTHORS   Coolidge,C.J. and Patton,J.G.
  TITLE     A new double-stranded RNA-binding protein that interacts with PKR
  JOURNAL   Nucleic Acids Res 28 (6), 1407-1417 (2000)
   PUBMED   10684936
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 3807)
  AUTHORS   Mellor,H., Flowers,K.M., Kimball,S.R. and Jefferson,L.S.
  TITLE     Cloning and characterization of a cDNA encoding rat PKR, the
            double-stranded RNA-dependent eukaryotic initiation factor-2 kinase
  JOURNAL   Biochim Biophys Acta 1219 (3), 693-696 (1994)
   PUBMED   7948027
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 3807)
  AUTHORS   Ito,T., Jagus,R. and May,W.S.
  TITLE     Interleukin 3 stimulates protein synthesis by regulating
            double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase
  JOURNAL   Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 91 (16), 7455-7459 (1994)
   PUBMED   7519779
COMMENT     PROVISIONAL REFSEQ: This record has not yet been subject to final
            NCBI review. The reference sequence was derived from
            JAXUCZ010000006.1.
            
            On Nov 26, 2020 this sequence version replaced NM_019335.1.
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: L29281.1, SRR26643299.26268.1
                                           [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: single sample supports all introns
                                           SAMEA5760383, SAMEA5760386
                                           [ECO:0000348]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            RefSeq Select criteria :: based on conservation, expression,
                                      longest protein
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-133               JAXUCZ010000006.1  21941154-21941286
            134-266             JAXUCZ010000006.1  21952649-21952781
            267-387             JAXUCZ010000006.1  21954359-21954479
            388-524             JAXUCZ010000006.1  21956769-21956905
            525-648             JAXUCZ010000006.1  21958302-21958425
            649-713             JAXUCZ010000006.1  21958764-21958828
            714-759             JAXUCZ010000006.1  21958946-21958991
            760-791             JAXUCZ010000006.1  21959867-21959898
            792-842             JAXUCZ010000006.1  21961045-21961095
            843-965             JAXUCZ010000006.1  21963375-21963497
            966-1094            JAXUCZ010000006.1  21964349-21964477
            1095-1275           JAXUCZ010000006.1  21966132-21966312
            1276-1410           JAXUCZ010000006.1  21971200-21971334
            1411-1512           JAXUCZ010000006.1  21973578-21973679
            1513-1569           JAXUCZ010000006.1  21974740-21974796
            1570-3807           JAXUCZ010000006.1  21974877-21977114
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..3807
                     /organism="Rattus norvegicus"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /strain="BN"
                     /db_xref="taxon:10116"
                     /chromosome="6"
                     /map="6q12"
     gene            1..3807
                     /gene="Eif2ak2"
                     /gene_synonym="Pkr; Prkr"
                     /note="eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha
                     kinase 2"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:54287"
                     /db_xref="RGD:3402"
     exon            1..133
                     /gene="Eif2ak2"
                     /gene_synonym="Pkr; Prkr"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            134..266
                     /gene="Eif2ak2"
                     /gene_synonym="Pkr; Prkr"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             151..1692
                     /gene="Eif2ak2"
                     /gene_synonym="Pkr; Prkr"
                     /EC_number="2.7.11.1"
                     /EC_number="2.7.10.2"
                     /note="eIF-2A protein kinase 2; protein kinase
                     RNA-activated; interferon-inducible RNA-dependent protein
                     kinase; Protein kinase, interferon-inducible double
                     stranded RNA dependent; tyrosine-protein kinase EIF2AK2"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="interferon-induced, double-stranded
                     RNA-activated protein kinase"
                     /protein_id="NP_062208.2"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:54287"
                     /db_xref="RGD:3402"
                     /translation="MASDTPGFYVDKLNKYSQIHKVKIIYKEISVTGPPHDRRFTFQV
                     IIEEREFPEGEGRSKQEAKNNAAKLAVEILDNENKVDSHTDASEQGLIEGNYIGLVNS
                     FAQKENLPVNFELCDPDSQLPHRFICKCKIGQTTYGTGFGANKKEAKQLAAKNAYQKL
                     SEKSPSKTGFVTSLSSDFSSSSSITSNSASQSASGRDFEDIFMNGLREKRKSGVKVPS
                     DDVLRNKYTLDDRFSKDFEDIEEIGSGGFGQVFKAKHRIDGKTYAIKRITYNTKKAKR
                     EVQALAELNHANIVQYRVCWEGEDYDYDPENSTNGDTSRYKTRCLFIQMEFCDKGTLQ
                     QWLEKRNRSQEDKALVLELFEQIVTGVDYIHSKGLIHRDLKPGNIFLVDEKHIKIGDF
                     GLATALENDGNPRTKYTGTPQYMSPEQKSSLVEYGKEVDIFALGLILAELLHICKTDS
                     EKIEFFQLLRNGVFSDDIFDNKEKSLLQKLLSSKPRERPNTSEILKTLAEWKNISEKK
                     KRNTC"
     exon            267..387
                     /gene="Eif2ak2"
                     /gene_synonym="Pkr; Prkr"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            388..524
                     /gene="Eif2ak2"
                     /gene_synonym="Pkr; Prkr"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            525..648
                     /gene="Eif2ak2"
                     /gene_synonym="Pkr; Prkr"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            649..713
                     /gene="Eif2ak2"
                     /gene_synonym="Pkr; Prkr"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            714..759
                     /gene="Eif2ak2"
                     /gene_synonym="Pkr; Prkr"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            760..791
                     /gene="Eif2ak2"
                     /gene_synonym="Pkr; Prkr"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            792..842
                     /gene="Eif2ak2"
                     /gene_synonym="Pkr; Prkr"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            843..965
                     /gene="Eif2ak2"
                     /gene_synonym="Pkr; Prkr"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            966..1094
                     /gene="Eif2ak2"
                     /gene_synonym="Pkr; Prkr"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1095..1275
                     /gene="Eif2ak2"
                     /gene_synonym="Pkr; Prkr"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1276..1410
                     /gene="Eif2ak2"
                     /gene_synonym="Pkr; Prkr"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1411..1512
                     /gene="Eif2ak2"
                     /gene_synonym="Pkr; Prkr"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1513..1569
                     /gene="Eif2ak2"
                     /gene_synonym="Pkr; Prkr"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1570..3807
                     /gene="Eif2ak2"
                     /gene_synonym="Pkr; Prkr"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
ORIGIN      
        1 gaactagcct gacctggact tgcccggcag aagcgacagt ggtcggaggg cgacgagatt
       61 ttaggggcag cacctgaagc acaattcgag tcctgcgcca gggcacgggc cattgtccgg
      121 atccagaaag tcggtcaccg gggaagaaaa atggccagtg atacaccagg tttctacgtg
      181 gacaaactta acaaatactc ccagatacac aaagtaaaga ttatatataa agaaatttct
      241 gttacaggac ctccacacga cagaaggttt acatttcaag ttataataga agagagggaa
      301 tttccagaag gtgaaggtag atcaaagcag gaggcgaaaa ataatgctgc caaattagct
      361 gtcgaaatac ttgataatga aaacaaggtg gatagtcaca cggatgcttc tgaacaaggt
      421 ttaatagagg ggaactacat tggccttgtc aattcttttg cccagaagga aaatctgcct
      481 gtaaattttg aactgtgtga ccccgactcc caattgcctc acagatttat ttgtaaatgc
      541 aaaatcgggc agactacgta tggtactggt tttggcgcta acaaaaagga ggcaaagcag
      601 ttggctgcca aaaatgcgta tcagaagctg tcagagaaaa gcccatcgaa aactggcttt
      661 gtcacatctt tatccagtga cttttccagc agctcgtcta taacaagtaa ctctgcttct
      721 cagtcagcat ctggaaggga tttcgaggac atatttatga atggtctcag agaaaaaagg
      781 aaatcaggag taaaagtgcc atctgatgac gtgctaagaa ataaatatac cttggacgac
      841 aggtttagca aagattttga agacatagaa gaaattggct cgggtggatt tggccaagtt
      901 ttcaaagcaa aacacagaat cgatggaaag acgtatgcta ttaagcgcat tacatataac
      961 accaagaagg caaagcgtga agtacaagca ctagcagaac tcaatcacgc caacattgtt
     1021 caataccgag tttgttggga gggagaggac tatgactatg atcccgagaa cagcacaaac
     1081 ggtgacacaa gtcgatacaa gacccggtgc ctctttatcc aaatggaatt ctgtgataaa
     1141 ggaactctgc agcagtggtt ggaaaagaga aatcggagtc aagaggacaa ggctttggtt
     1201 ttggagttat ttgaacaaat agtgacagga gtggattata tacactcgaa aggtttaatt
     1261 catagagacc ttaagccagg taatatattt ttagtggatg aaaaacacat taagatcgga
     1321 gactttggcc ttgcaacagc cctggaaaat gatggaaatc ctcgaacaaa gtatacagga
     1381 actcctcaat acatgagtcc agaacaaaag tcatcgttag tggaatatgg aaaggaagtg
     1441 gacatctttg ctttgggcct tattctagct gaacttcttc acatatgcaa aactgattca
     1501 gagaaaatag agtttttcca acttctaaga aatggcgtct tctccgatga tattttcgac
     1561 aacaaggaaa aaagtcttct acagaaatta ctctcaagta aacccaggga acgacccaat
     1621 acgtctgaaa tcctgaagac tttggctgag tggaagaaca tctcggagaa aaagaaaaga
     1681 aacacgtgtt agggctttta actgcagtct gaagtggaat gtcagagaac aatgaacttc
     1741 ttctcttaac actctcccag acaggttttg gtaagggtga cccaaagaca ttgtatttat
     1801 cggctatgaa caagtatgcc cgtttcctca attgttaatt gtcggacctg tggctggcta
     1861 gccaaatatg gaaatgtttg tttctttctc gtctgcccga agagaaagcc aagccgcggt
     1921 ggagaaggtc acttaacccc caatgctaac tgaaggccta aggcttttga catactaaag
     1981 agctggcagc cagagctggg agagaagaac ctgcagacag gcaggcagag acacaaagac
     2041 atggactaga atgaaacagg gaggtagaga gattgagaga cagagccaca tggagagacg
     2101 aaatggcaga gtagtaggct taagttagat gagctaactg agagactgcc ccagaaaaca
     2161 ggccaacagc cttatacaca gatgtctcag tgtctatcat taaactccaa gcaggatcaa
     2221 tgaaggccct acaataggtt tttttttctt gttacttcaa aaacaatctt acaaagttat
     2281 tttcttgaca gtttcatatg tgtattgtat cctgatcaca ctccaaacct tctgctgttc
     2341 atgccttatc atgtaaacta taacctctga acgtgggagt ccaaattgtc catctgtcct
     2401 taagttgctt ctcataggta gtttagtcgt tgtgatgaga aaagtaatga aatggtacca
     2461 gaaatggggt tttgtcgcaa taaacctact gtgcggtttc ttggactttc aggactggtt
     2521 tgtgggaaga atgtggaaaa gtttgaagca gcaggctaga gaagtcctca gatggtatac
     2581 gtcaatctta attctggtag ctcagaagtc tttgccaaaa aggaacccat tgggaattgg
     2641 actagatgcc aggacatttg tgtacaagtc aaaagactgg tgagggaaat ttcaagacat
     2701 tcagactgtg gcatggtggt tatctccttc tcatagctag aattatagag caaattagga
     2761 aggagtgagg ggtaagaagt gagagaacaa agatctggga atgagtgcct tcaaagacga
     2821 ggtcggtgca aagctgttaa agcgattagt gcactgaggg aagccatgta ctttccattg
     2881 ctgccattat aggaacaaga ctacagccac gggcggctgc acagcatgga aagtaaaagc
     2941 cctttaaagg tctttcgtgt caaaagttcc agcaggtgcc acagccactc cagtggagtc
     3001 tgtgtgacag gaagctcttg tgcttcgttt ctatgcagaa cagaggcctg tgcctggaat
     3061 ggcttgtcct cctggaggtc ctggcagtct ccctgcaaaa agatggtgac cagggtctat
     3121 gctttcagtg gaattgcctt ctgtgttcta gccttggtga tcttagcgat tttaagcctg
     3181 tcaacaatat ctgattttag gaatatagca gggtgggcag atgatcatgt atctttagat
     3241 gtctcaggca ctgaaataaa taaatgtctc acaccatcat ggtcctgatg aactcaatgg
     3301 ctgcaatgaa ttcaactgct gtatccatta gttcccagaa aataggagag aaattaattg
     3361 cagttactaa gaacatgact gttccagaaa aatctttccc cccttttggg aaagttttgt
     3421 ttagcatgat tcagaatagt aatgattctt ttaaaaagat catagacaac ttccaacaag
     3481 ttgaacaaac ttaacaagag ttaactatgg ttacaaaagc ttccttacta ttctgagggg
     3541 ccataaatat aatagagttt aaactttatt aaaacaaagg taaatgatga atacatacct
     3601 ggtgcccacc agtctggcag tataactgca gttttctaaa ctattgtttt cagctgagaa
     3661 ttgttttcta gactgtatgt tccgctttcc tccttgcaag ggacatttgg tgaggtgatg
     3721 aataagagct agatgattgc caattatgat gtatctgttc taactgttta agtctatgcc
     3781 aaaaagtaaa gctttttaca acaacac
//
