LOCUS       NM_031016               5455 bp    mRNA    linear   ROD 04-FEB-2025
DEFINITION  Rattus norvegicus cholinergic receptor, muscarinic 2 (Chrm2), mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_031016 XM_003749715
VERSION     NM_031016.2
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; RefSeq Select.
SOURCE      Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
  ORGANISM  Rattus norvegicus
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha;
            Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 5455)
  AUTHORS   Crews,F.T., Fisher,R.P., Qin,L. and Vetreno,R.P.
  TITLE     HMGB1 neuroimmune signaling and REST-G9a gene repression contribute
            to ethanol-induced reversible suppression of the cholinergic neuron
            phenotype
  JOURNAL   Mol Psychiatry 28 (12), 5159-5172 (2023)
   PUBMED   37402853
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 5455)
  AUTHORS   Yan,J.T., Liu,X.Y., Liu,J.H., Li,G.W., Zheng,L.F., Zhang,X.L.,
            Zhang,Y., Feng,X.Y. and Zhu,J.X.
  TITLE     Reduced acetylcholine and elevated muscarinic receptor 2 in
            duodenal mucosa contribute to the impairment of mucus secretion in
            6-hydroxydopamine-induced Parkinson's disease rats
  JOURNAL   Cell Tissue Res 386 (2), 249-260 (2021)
   PUBMED   34370080
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Reduced acetylcholine and elevated muscarinic receptor 2
            in duodenal mucosa contribute to the impairment of mucus secretion
            in 6-hydroxydopamine-induced Parkinson's disease rats.
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 5455)
  AUTHORS   Piovesana,R., Melfi,S., Fiore,M., Magnaghi,V. and Tata,A.M.
  TITLE     M2 muscarinic receptor activation inhibits cell proliferation and
            migration of rat adipose-mesenchymal stem cells
  JOURNAL   J Cell Physiol 233 (7), 5348-5360 (2018)
   PUBMED   29227527
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Our results indicate that Acetylcholine (ACh) via M2
            receptors, may contribute to the maintaining of the ADSCs quiescent
            status. These data are the first evidence that ACh, via muscarinic
            receptors, might contribute to control Mesenchymal stem cell
            derived from Adipose tissue physiology.
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 5455)
  AUTHORS   Gibbons,A.S., Jeon,W.J., Scarr,E. and Dean,B.
  TITLE     Changes in Muscarinic M2 Receptor Levels in the Cortex of Subjects
            with Bipolar Disorder and Major Depressive Disorder and in Rats
            after Treatment with Mood Stabilisers and Antidepressants
  JOURNAL   Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 19 (4) (2016)
   PUBMED   26475745
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Data suggest that levels of CHRM2 are lower in Brodmann's
            area 24 from subjects with mood disorders, and it is possible that
            signalling by that receptor is also less in this cortical region;
            increasing levels of CHRM2 may be involved in the mechanisms of
            action of mood stabilisers and tricyclic antidepressants
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 5455)
  AUTHORS   Zhang,S., He,Z., Wang,J., Wang,L., Wu,Y., Wang,J., Lv,T. and Liu,H.
  TITLE     Mitochondrial Ultrastructural Alterations and Declined M2 Receptor
            Density Were Involved in Cardiac Dysfunction in Rats after Long
            Term Treatment with Autoantibodies against M2 Muscarinic Receptor
  JOURNAL   PLoS One 10 (6), e0129563 (2015)
   PUBMED   26086781
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Long-term stimulation with autoantibodies against M2
            muscarinic receptor leaded to the ventricular dilatation and
            gradual deterioration of cardiac dysfunction.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 5455)
  AUTHORS   Furuta,M., Ohya,S., Imaizumi,Y. and Watanabe,M.
  TITLE     Molecular cloning of m3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor in rat
            iris
  JOURNAL   J Smooth Muscle Res 34 (3), 111-122 (1998)
   PUBMED   9972520
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 5455)
  AUTHORS   Leiros,C.P., Sterin-Borda,L., Borda,E.S., Goin,J.C. and Hosey,M.M.
  TITLE     Desensitization and sequestration of human m2 muscarinic
            acetylcholine receptors by autoantibodies from patients with
            Chagas' disease
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 272 (20), 12989-12993 (1997)
   PUBMED   9148906
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 5455)
  AUTHORS   Hersch,S.M., Gutekunst,C.A., Rees,H.D., Heilman,C.J. and Levey,A.I.
  TITLE     Distribution of m1-m4 muscarinic receptor proteins in the rat
            striatum: light and electron microscopic immunocytochemistry using
            subtype-specific antibodies
  JOURNAL   J Neurosci 14 (5 Pt 2), 3351-3363 (1994)
   PUBMED   8182478
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 5455)
  AUTHORS   Yazawa,H. and Honda,K.
  TITLE     The M3-muscarinic cholinoceptor subtype in rat prostate and its
            down regulation by aging
  JOURNAL   Jpn J Pharmacol 61 (4), 319-324 (1993)
   PUBMED   8320877
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 5455)
  AUTHORS   Gocayne,J., Robinson,D.A., FitzGerald,M.G., Chung,F.Z.,
            Kerlavage,A.R., Lentes,K.U., Lai,J., Wang,C.D., Fraser,C.M. and
            Venter,J.C.
  TITLE     Primary structure of rat cardiac beta-adrenergic and muscarinic
            cholinergic receptors obtained by automated DNA sequence analysis:
            further evidence for a multigene family
  JOURNAL   Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 84 (23), 8296-8300 (1987)
   PUBMED   2825184
COMMENT     VALIDATED REFSEQ: This record has undergone validation or
            preliminary review. The reference sequence was derived from
            AY571965.1 and JAXUCZ010000004.1.
            
            On Dec 2, 2020 this sequence version replaced NM_031016.1.
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: SRR26360194.1714692.1,
                                           SRR26643289.12728.1 [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: single sample supports all introns
                                           SAMEA5760393, SAMEA5760400
                                           [ECO:0000348]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            RefSeq Select criteria :: based on conservation, longest protein
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-326               AY571965.1         1-326
            327-5455            JAXUCZ010000004.1  66110778-66115906
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..5455
                     /organism="Rattus norvegicus"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:10116"
                     /chromosome="4"
                     /map="4q22"
     gene            1..5455
                     /gene="Chrm2"
                     /gene_synonym="Acm2"
                     /note="cholinergic receptor, muscarinic 2"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:81645"
                     /db_xref="RGD:620023"
     exon            1..241
                     /gene="Chrm2"
                     /gene_synonym="Acm2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            242..5455
                     /gene="Chrm2"
                     /gene_synonym="Acm2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             282..1682
                     /gene="Chrm2"
                     /gene_synonym="Acm2"
                     /note="7TM receptor; M2 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor;
                     muscarinic receptor m2; cholinergic receptor, muscarinic
                     2, cardiac; muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2-like"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2"
                     /protein_id="NP_112278.2"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:81645"
                     /db_xref="RGD:620023"
                     /translation="MNNSTNSSNNGLAITSPYKTFEVVFIVLVAGSLSLVTIIGNILV
                     MVSIKVNRHLQTVNNYFLFSLACADLIIGVFSMNLYTLYTVIGYWPLGPVVCDLWLAL
                     DYVVSNASVMNLLIISFDRYFCVTKPLTYPVKRTTKMAGMMIAAAWVLSFILWAPAIL
                     FWQFIVGVRTVEDGECYIQFFSNAAVTFGTAIAAFYLPVIIMTVLYWHISRASKSRIK
                     KEKKEPVANQDPVSPSLVQGRIVKPNNNNMPGGDGGLEHNKIQNGKAPRDGVTENCVQ
                     GEEKESSNDSTSVSAVASNMRDDEITQDENTVSTSLGHSRDDNSKQTCIKIVTKAQKG
                     DVCTPTSTTVELVGSSGQNGDEKQNIVARKIVKMTKQPAKKKPPPSREKKVTRTILAI
                     LLAFIITWAPYNVMVLINTFCAPCIPNTVWTIGYWLCYINSTINPACYALCNATFKKT
                     FKHLLMCHYKNIGATR"
ORIGIN      
        1 cttgggagag aaccttccgg tgagggaagg gagacaggtt tagtgctatt gtccccggac
       61 cttggccggg gtaaaaaagg ttggggaagg ttcccaggag gagagagaag ggagtcctct
      121 gcaagcctat tctcctccgc tggcgcacaa ggttgattgt ccactgtggc tgaggaaagg
      181 ggccccagcc cagagctgat gaagtctcgg acgctgcagg agcttggcct cccaactcat
      241 ggtttaaatg tttctttggc cacttgacta ctgaacacaa aatgaataac tcaacaaact
      301 cctcgaacaa tggcttggct attaccagtc cttacaagac atttgaagtg gtatttattg
      361 tccttgtggc tggatccctc agtctggtga ccatcattgg gaacattctg gtcatggttt
      421 ccattaaagt caaccgccac cttcagactg tcaacaatta cttcttgttc agcctggcct
      481 gtgctgacct catcataggt gttttctcca tgaacttgta taccctctac actgtgattg
      541 gttactggcc tttgggacct gtagtatgtg acctttggct agcattggac tatgttgtca
      601 gcaatgcctc cgttatgaat ctcctcatca tcagctttga tagatacttc tgtgtcacga
      661 aacctctgac ctacccagtt aagcggacca caaaaatggc aggcatgatg attgcagctg
      721 cgtgggtcct ttccttcatc ctctgggccc cagccattct cttctggcag ttcatcgtag
      781 gggtgaggac tgtggaggat ggggagtgct atattcagtt cttttccaat gcggccgtca
      841 ccttcggcac tgccattgca gctttctatc tgcctgtcat catcatgact gtgctctatt
      901 ggcatatatc ccgggcaagc aagagtagaa taaagaagga aaagaaggaa cctgtggcca
      961 accaagaccc agtatctcca agtctggtgc aaggaagaat tgtaaagcca aacaataaca
     1021 atatgcctgg tggtgatggc ggcctggaac acaacaagat ccagaatggc aaggctccac
     1081 gggacggcgt gactgaaaac tgtgttcagg gggaggagaa agagagctcc aatgattcga
     1141 cgtcagtcag tgctgtggcc tccaatatga gagatgatga gataacccag gatgaaaaca
     1201 cagtttccac ttcgctgggc cactccagag atgacaactc taagcaaaca tgcatcaaaa
     1261 ttgtcaccaa ggcccaaaag ggtgatgtgt gcaccccaac gagtaccact gtagaactag
     1321 ttgggtcgtc gggtcagaat ggggatgaaa agcagaacat tgtagcccgc aaaatcgtga
     1381 agatgaccaa gcagcctgcc aaaaagaagc ctccaccatc ccgggaaaag aaagtgacca
     1441 ggacaatctt ggctatcctg ttggctttca tcataacgtg ggcgccatac aatgtcatgg
     1501 tgctcatcaa tactttctgt gcaccctgca tccccaatac agtatggaca attggctact
     1561 ggctctgtta catcaatagc accatcaatc cggcctgcta tgcgctttgt aatgccacct
     1621 tcaaaaagac ttttaagcac ctcctcatgt gtcattacaa gaacataggc gctacacggt
     1681 gaaaagacca tcaaaagaag aaatgtggtc gagtgtgtct tggggaagaa cagagacaag
     1741 aaagctgtgt ttatagtgac ctgccatttc actttacagt cttactgcaa catgaaagta
     1801 aggagtttta gagagacact atcattgtgc ccatgctcca ttttgggaaa aataaattaa
     1861 taaaccttca ccttataaac cctgtcagtt taggagcacc gagaaaatga aagaggcatg
     1921 ctgaaactgc agatctaagg aaaaatctct actgtctcct gctctcttga agaagggcgt
     1981 cagagtctac aatttcatgt ctctgcacaa gaagaataac ctagtctatt tgttgtttct
     2041 ttctgttgtt cccctgtgtg gcggtgagaa agaaatgaca cattccatgc taacacagag
     2101 acctacatgg aaagaagcag gcactgtaca atgagagaga agaagaaaga aaatcaaata
     2161 ggatgcagag atggtctgca gagcagcgag catatcctcg gctgtgctgt gctctgatct
     2221 gaaggatttc aacacaacaa ctgcttattt cttctctctt cccctttccc gtcatggaaa
     2281 gcaagaaagc aaaacaacaa aagcccaact aggccatact atttttttct actatttttg
     2341 tagtttctgg ttttatatta tatatggata gtatctgcag gacttctaaa tctggccaga
     2401 gtcacccatg aaaatggaca ctctgccact ccccactgtg ttgttgcatt ctttgatggt
     2461 gtacagacct gtaaggattt cattcacttg agttcctctg tgtgggaaat ttttacccac
     2521 ctgattttct tctcaacaaa cccattttaa caatgttgtc tgcctaagac ataaatacgc
     2581 ttgggaaacc aaagtcattt aaacttaatt tttaatcaca ttagaaaatg gtcagtctag
     2641 ttggagagag ttcaccgagg ccagacgaaa tttgagatga gaagacagaa ggtcagaaga
     2701 gcgatctgtt tgaacttgaa cctgcctgac ctatgtgcac aatgttaacg tgtacaacat
     2761 gaactcctga cattgtcagc aggaatatga tgttgctttg ctcatttgag tctcaattag
     2821 ttcactgtga cattactatc caatgtctgt tagcagatgg tactcaaatt atactcaaat
     2881 gaagttttct ataatcatat taagacacag gggtggggaa atgggtcatg caaaaatatt
     2941 tactaatact acctgttcca tgttcttcca gttgtcttca aatctctgta agattatatt
     3001 gcttcaaaat tctttgtggc ttcaacatag tggataacca aaaagaggca aaatatgccc
     3061 acagaacctg atggaagagt acatgtgatt ctcgccatgc catttcccac agactaatct
     3121 aaccacgaat agctgtcaca gaaaggattg ttaaacggta acactaaaca caaaaggtca
     3181 atgtagaaaa atccatactg gacactctaa aataatgcgg aatcatacca atctacatta
     3241 actagttatt tttgtcttca cataatttct tctattatac attacagtat tatggtcaga
     3301 tttttccaag tctgggccta atggatagaa attgaagttc taaattcttc tataaagttc
     3361 agatattcgc tgatgcactt tgattccctc tctgccattc cacgagtatc acaaggcagg
     3421 ttcgtcagcg taaagtccta agagttatca gaaccatttt gtctgactgc atggcagtaa
     3481 cgtctcagca agtgggcgat aaaggataga acggcagcaa cagcaacatt gtaagctaaa
     3541 aagaaacaag ttgctaataa tatatttaac ctttatgaac agaacttatt gtttgagcaa
     3601 tttcagtcgg ttttaacctc aaaaactcct atctataaga catagaatcg gttcagatta
     3661 gtttagtcta taattagttg actgagttcc cttagttcag aattactaaa atgtaaattc
     3721 actttatgtt gtttcttcga gtaattgagt ggagaagact tcgatccaat ggatttcttg
     3781 gtttcctgta tggaatgtta acaatctgtg ttatacacta ttgagatgca gacgtggctt
     3841 cctttagccc aacactttgg aggccaggat tcattgtcta tctctgtttg cttgaagccc
     3901 aacccaccac gagccaatct ttgtcttgtt ctgtgtctca tagtactttt ttccttggtt
     3961 ccttctgtgc ctggtaattt gccgcagcgg ccacaacttc attaagagag aaactgtcaa
     4021 gttcaagaag gaaatgaagg tggtctaaca taccacagaa attttctcaa aagaatcaga
     4081 aaaaagggaa gtacatcggc atgtttggaa gggggatgcc ttcaaagatc tttctttact
     4141 gttgctgtct ttgccttttt tttttttttg actctcgaac agaggcagtt tttaccctaa
     4201 ggacacttag tgataggtag ggccattttg attgtcacaa ctgggaatag gcatttgtat
     4261 ctaataagaa ggagctttga aagcacaagc tatgctccgc cccaaaatga tttgactcaa
     4321 aatggcaatg acaccaggac tgagagagac tagtttatat ttagggattt ccgtagcttt
     4381 ccttctgaat cctccatcat ttgaacaaac aaatgaaaaa gattaatgca atttgctttc
     4441 tggttagaac aaagcaaagc tcactcgtca gccatcacat attctcccgc actaattagg
     4501 agttgaaact cactgagaag agcacaggcc acacctgcgt atggaaacca gcagctttca
     4561 cacaccttga gcactgcagc atctcagtgc ctggctgtgg aagcacagcc cctactggag
     4621 aggctgaagc tttgtccagg aacatcactg cttctagtct gatcggtttc tactggagac
     4681 gtcacttctt ttcctttcca actaatgaag agccctttaa agaaacggtc tgactcatct
     4741 cctttgcttt cactagaaat gtcagaagct gtcaagcctt tattgttttt ctcctcatag
     4801 caataatgta aatatcccag agtggtagga taaaaagaga agatgtatga aaagacgagc
     4861 cagctcactt ctaaagaaat gattgcctct tgaccaagtc atgattacct taatgacata
     4921 ccccaagtgc tgggacaggg tcaccagtat agtatgctac aaagggtaag aaaaaccatc
     4981 tggcttaatt tatggaatct tgaatcaata ccatgtcctt ctgctttctg cctactcaat
     5041 gatgtttaat cctgaagaga tgatggcacg agaggagatt aatgatgtca acagttattt
     5101 atcaatgcag ccaactttta ttttcttcta tttagttcat cgaccattgc ccccctcttc
     5161 aatttgataa tatctcatca acaaccgtaa cactggcatt gcaaatagat taggagggca
     5221 cccacagctg ggtaaacctg tgagacatgt attctcagca tgtatataca atgccatgcc
     5281 tctctgatag gcttctcttt aaaagggtgc acgctgtagc atgaactctg tgtatattta
     5341 atataccttt ccatgatatg ctgtatgctt catatatatt atattatata aataaaataa
     5401 aatgtataat agaaatacat atttctgtat gcaaataaat atattataca caaaa
//
