LOCUS       NM_012048               4351 bp    mRNA    linear   ROD 18-JUN-2024
DEFINITION  Mus musculus polymerase (DNA directed), kappa (Polk), transcript
            variant a, mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_012048
VERSION     NM_012048.3
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; RefSeq Select.
SOURCE      Mus musculus (house mouse)
  ORGANISM  Mus musculus
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha;
            Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 4351)
  AUTHORS   Shah,P., Hill,R., Dion,C., Clark,S.J., Abakir,A., Willems,J.,
            Arends,M.J., Garaycoechea,J.I., Leitch,H.G., Reik,W. and
            Crossan,G.P.
  TITLE     Primordial germ cell DNA demethylation and development require DNA
            translesion synthesis
  JOURNAL   Nat Commun 15 (1), 3734 (2024)
   PUBMED   38702312
  REMARK    Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 4351)
  AUTHORS   Hakura,A., Sui,H., Sonoda,J., Matsuda,T. and Nohmi,T.
  TITLE     DNA polymerase kappa counteracts inflammation-induced mutagenesis
            in multiple organs of mice
  JOURNAL   Environ Mol Mutagen 60 (4), 320-330 (2019)
   PUBMED   30620413
  REMARK    GeneRIF: The results indicate that Polkappa does not suppress
            benzo[a]pyrene -induced mutagenesis and carcinogenesis in the
            colon, but counteracts inflammation-induced mutagenesis in multiple
            organs.
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 4351)
  AUTHORS   Masumura,K., Toyoda-Hokaiwado,N., Niimi,N., Gruz,P., Wada,N.A.,
            Takeiri,A., Jishage,K.I., Mishima,M. and Nohmi,T.
  TITLE     Limited ability of DNA polymerase kappa to suppress
            benzo[a]pyrene-induced genotoxicity in vivo
  JOURNAL   Environ Mol Mutagen 58 (9), 644-653 (2017)
   PUBMED   29076178
  REMARK    GeneRIF: The results suggest that Polk has a limited ability to
            suppress BP-induced genotoxicity in the colon and bone marrow and
            also that the roles of specialized DNA polymerases in mutagenesis
            and carcinogenesis should be examined not only by in vitro assays
            but also by in vivo mouse studies. We also report the spontaneous
            mutagenesis in inactivated Polk KI mice at young and old ages.
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 4351)
  AUTHORS   Liu,Y., Ma,X. and Guo,C.
  TITLE     Effects of the N terminus of mouse DNA polymerase kappa on the
            bypass of a guanine-benzo[a]pyrenyl adduct
  JOURNAL   J Biochem 159 (4), 471-479 (2016)
   PUBMED   26634445
  REMARK    GeneRIF: the extreme N-terminal part of Polkappa is required for
            the processivity and fidelity of Polkappa during translesion
            synthesis of 10S(+)-trans-anti-benzo[a]pyrene diol
            epoxide-N(2)-deoxyguanine adducts lesions.
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 4351)
  AUTHORS   Yoon,J., Feng,X., Kim,Y.S., Shin,D.M., Hatzi,K., Wang,H. and
            Morse,H.C. 3rd.
  TITLE     Interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) interacts with the B cell
            lymphoma 6 (BCL6) corepressor BCOR
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 289 (49), 34250-34257 (2014)
   PUBMED   25331958
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 4351)
  AUTHORS   Guo,C., Gao,T., Confer,N., Velasco-Miguel,S. and Friedberg,E.C.
  TITLE     Multiple PolK (POLK) transcripts in mammalian testis
  JOURNAL   DNA Repair (Amst) 4 (3), 397-402 (2005)
   PUBMED   15661663
  REMARK    GeneRIF: The multiple mouse/human (PolK/POLK) transcripts may
            encode multiple Polkappa isoforms in testis
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 4351)
  AUTHORS   Ogi,T., Mimura,J., Hikida,M., Fujimoto,H., Fujii-Kuriyama,Y. and
            Ohmori,H.
  TITLE     Expression of human and mouse genes encoding polkappa:
            testis-specific developmental regulation and AhR-dependent
            inducible transcription
  JOURNAL   Genes Cells 6 (11), 943-953 (2001)
   PUBMED   11733032
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 4351)
  AUTHORS   Piao,Y., Ko,N.T., Lim,M.K. and Ko,M.S.
  TITLE     Construction of long-transcript enriched cDNA libraries from
            submicrogram amounts of total RNAs by a universal PCR amplification
            method
  JOURNAL   Genome Res 11 (9), 1553-1558 (2001)
   PUBMED   11544199
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 4351)
  AUTHORS   Ogi,T., Kato,T. Jr., Kato,T. and Ohmori,H.
  TITLE     Mutation enhancement by DINB1, a mammalian homologue of the
            Escherichia coli mutagenesis protein dinB
  JOURNAL   Genes Cells 4 (11), 607-618 (1999)
   PUBMED   10620008
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 4351)
  AUTHORS   Gerlach,V.L., Aravind,L., Gotway,G., Schultz,R.A., Koonin,E.V. and
            Friedberg,E.C.
  TITLE     Human and mouse homologs of Escherichia coli DinB (DNA polymerase
            IV), members of the UmuC/DinB superfamily
  JOURNAL   Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 96 (21), 11922-11927 (1999)
   PUBMED   10518552
COMMENT     VALIDATED REFSEQ: This record has undergone validation or
            preliminary review. The reference sequence was derived from
            AK042272.1, AK138299.1, CN698108.1, DV656157.1, BG061549.2,
            BY707241.1, AK014087.1, BG060790.2 and EH097080.1.
            
            On Dec 2, 2016 this sequence version replaced NM_012048.2.
            
            Transcript Variant: This variant (a) represents the longest
            transcript and encodes the longest isoform (a).
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: AF163571.1, AB027563.1 [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: single sample supports all introns
                                           SAMN01164131, SAMN01164133
                                           [ECO:0000348]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            RefSeq Select criteria :: based on conservation, expression,
                                      longest protein
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: complete on the 3' end.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-92                AK042272.1         2-93
            93-971              AK138299.1         2-880
            972-1547            CN698108.1         81-656
            1548-1592           DV656157.1         63-107
            1593-1997           BG061549.2         1-405
            1998-2435           BY707241.1         199-636
            2436-4318           AK014087.1         1-1883
            4319-4320           BG060790.2         6-7                 c
            4321-4351           EH097080.1         22-52               c
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..4351
                     /organism="Mus musculus"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /strain="C57BL/6"
                     /db_xref="taxon:10090"
                     /chromosome="13"
                     /map="13 50.56 cM"
     gene            1..4351
                     /gene="Polk"
                     /gene_synonym="Dinb1; DINP"
                     /note="polymerase (DNA directed), kappa"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:27015"
                     /db_xref="MGI:MGI:1349767"
     exon            1..253
                     /gene="Polk"
                     /gene_synonym="Dinb1; DINP"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            254..412
                     /gene="Polk"
                     /gene_synonym="Dinb1; DINP"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             281..2839
                     /gene="Polk"
                     /gene_synonym="Dinb1; DINP"
                     /EC_number="2.7.7.7"
                     /note="isoform a is encoded by transcript variant a;
                     DNA-directed DNA polymerase kappa; DINB protein; DNA
                     damage-inducible protein b; DinB homolog 1"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="DNA polymerase kappa isoform a"
                     /protein_id="NP_036178.1"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS26704.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:27015"
                     /db_xref="MGI:MGI:1349767"
                     /translation="MDNTKEKDNFKDDLLLRMGLNDNKAGMEGLDKEKINKIIMEATK
                     GSRFYGNELKKEKQVNQRIENMMQQKAQITSQQLRKAQLQVDKFAMELERNRNLNNTI
                     VHVDMDAFYAAVEMRDNPELKDKPIAVGSMSMLATSNYHARRFGVRAAMPGFIAKRLC
                     PQLIIVPPNFDKYRAVSKEVKEILAEYDPNFMAMSLDEAYLNITQHLQERQDWPEDKR
                     RYFIKMGNYLKIDTPRQEANELTEYERSISPLLFEDSPPDLQPQGSPFQLNSEEQNNP
                     QIAQNSVVFGTSAEEVVKEIRFRIEQKTTLTASAGIAPNTMLAKVCSDKNKPNGQYQI
                     LPSRSAVMDFIKDLPIRKVSGIGKVTEKMLMALGIVTCTELYQQRALLSLLFSETSWH
                     YFLHIALGLGSTDLARDGERKSMSVERTFSEISKTEEQYSLCQELCAELAHDLQKEGL
                     KGRTVTIKLKNVNFEVKTRASTVPAAISTAEEIFAIAKELLRTEVNVGSPHPLRLRLM
                     GVRMSTFSSEDDRKHQQRSIIGFLQAGNQALSSTGDSLDKTDKTELAKPLEMSHKKSF
                     FDKKRSERISNCQDTSRCKTAGQQALQILEPSQALKKLSESFETSENSNDCQTFICPV
                     CFREQEGVSLEAFNEHVDECLDGPSTSENSKISCYSHASSADIGQKEDVHPSIPLCEK
                     RGHENGEITLVDGVDLTGTEDRSLKAARMDTLENNRSKEECPDIPDKSCPISLENETI
                     STLSRQDSVQPCTDEVVTGRALVCPVCNLEQETSDLTLFNIHVDICLNKGIIQELRNS
                     EGNSVKQPKESSRSTDRLQKASGRTKRPGTKTKSSTLKKTKPRDPRHTLDGFFK"
     exon            413..532
                     /gene="Polk"
                     /gene_synonym="Dinb1; DINP"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            533..685
                     /gene="Polk"
                     /gene_synonym="Dinb1; DINP"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            686..817
                     /gene="Polk"
                     /gene_synonym="Dinb1; DINP"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            818..971
                     /gene="Polk"
                     /gene_synonym="Dinb1; DINP"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            972..1211
                     /gene="Polk"
                     /gene_synonym="Dinb1; DINP"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1212..1336
                     /gene="Polk"
                     /gene_synonym="Dinb1; DINP"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1337..1503
                     /gene="Polk"
                     /gene_synonym="Dinb1; DINP"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1504..1536
                     /gene="Polk"
                     /gene_synonym="Dinb1; DINP"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1537..1633
                     /gene="Polk"
                     /gene_synonym="Dinb1; DINP"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1634..1805
                     /gene="Polk"
                     /gene_synonym="Dinb1; DINP"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1806..2720
                     /gene="Polk"
                     /gene_synonym="Dinb1; DINP"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            2721..2754
                     /gene="Polk"
                     /gene_synonym="Dinb1; DINP"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            2755..4322
                     /gene="Polk"
                     /gene_synonym="Dinb1; DINP"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      4295..4300
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="Polk"
                     /gene_synonym="Dinb1; DINP"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     polyA_site      4320
                     /gene="Polk"
                     /gene_synonym="Dinb1; DINP"
                     /note="major polyA site"
ORIGIN      
        1 agggaagccg ctgcgctgca ttctgggaag gctggcgctc cgtccgccgc gcagcctcct
       61 gggagttgta gtcgcaatcc taggcaactg gtgtgtgtcc tgggcgcgcc taaaggctgg
      121 ttgcctaggg gaaccttctg aaggcaagtg ggcttctttt gagagttgcg tgcccctttc
      181 cgtccagcct ggcttccgat tctgccttgc gtgtttgtga cgagccagcg agccgggacg
      241 tgagaaccct cagatattaa gaaattaccg tgtttgcatc atggataaca caaaggaaaa
      301 ggacaacttc aaagacgacc tcctgctccg catgggacta aacgataaca aagcaggcat
      361 ggaagggttg gataaggaga aaattaacaa aattatcatg gaagccacaa aggggtccag
      421 attttatgga aatgagctca agaaggaaaa gcaagtcaat caacggattg aaaatatgat
      481 gcaacaaaaa gctcaaatta ccagccagca actaaggaaa gctcaattac aggttgacaa
      541 atttgcaatg gagttagaac ggaaccggaa tttgaacaat accatagttc atgttgacat
      601 ggacgctttc tatgcagctg tggaaatgag ggacaacccg gaactgaagg ataaacccat
      661 tgctgtagga tccatgagca tgttggctac ttcgaattac catgcaagga ggtttggtgt
      721 ccgtgcagcc atgccaggat ttattgctaa gaggctctgc ccacaactta ttatagtgcc
      781 cccaaacttt gacaaatata gagctgtgag taaggaggtt aaggagatac ttgctgaata
      841 tgatcccaat tttatggcca tgagtctgga cgaagcctac ttgaatataa cacagcactt
      901 gcaggaaagg caagattggc ctgaggacaa aagaagatac ttcatcaaga tgggaaacta
      961 cttaaaaatc gacacaccca gacaggaagc taacgagctg actgagtatg agcggtccat
     1021 ctccccgctg ctttttgaag atagtcctcc tgatttgcaa ccccaaggaa gtcctttcca
     1081 actgaactct gaagaacaaa acaatcctca aatagcccaa aattcagttg tttttggaac
     1141 atcagctgag gaagtggtaa aggaaattcg cttcagaatt gaacaaaaaa caacgctgac
     1201 agccagcgca ggcatcgccc ccaatacaat gttagcaaaa gtgtgcagtg ataagaataa
     1261 gccaaacgga cagtaccaga tccttcccag caggagcgcg gtgatggact tcatcaagga
     1321 cctgcctatt agaaaggttt ctgggatagg aaaagttaca gagaaaatgt taatggctct
     1381 cgggattgtt acttgcacag aactctacca acagagagcg ttgctgtctc tccttttctc
     1441 tgaaacctct tggcattatt ttcttcacat cgcgctgggt ctaggttcaa cagacctggc
     1501 aagggatgga gaaaggaaaa gcatgagtgt tgaaaggaca ttcagtgaga taagtaagac
     1561 agaggaacag tacagcctgt gccaagaact gtgcgctgag ctcgcccacg acctccagaa
     1621 ggaaggactt aagggaagaa ccgtcaccat taagctgaag aacgtgaatt ttgaagtaaa
     1681 aactcgtgca tctaccgttc cggccgccat ttctactgca gaggaaatat ttgccattgc
     1741 caaggagctg ctaaggacag aagttaatgt gggttctcca caccccctgc ggttaagact
     1801 gatgggtgtc cgaatgtcta ctttttccag tgaagatgac aggaaacacc aacaaaggag
     1861 catcattggt ttcttacaag ctggaaacca agctttgtca tctactgggg atagtctaga
     1921 caaaactgac aaaactgagc ttgcaaagcc cttagaaatg tctcataaga agagtttctt
     1981 tgataaaaag cgatcagaaa gaatctccaa ctgtcaagac acatccagat gtaaaactgc
     2041 gggtcagcaa gctttacaga tcttggaacc atcccaagca ttaaagaagc tgagcgagag
     2101 ttttgaaaca tcagagaatt caaatgactg tcagacattt atatgtccag tttgctttag
     2161 ggagcaagaa ggtgtcagtc tggaagcctt taatgaacat gtagatgagt gtcttgatgg
     2221 accgtcaacc agtgagaact caaaaatatc ctgttactca catgcttcct ctgcagacat
     2281 tggtcagaag gaagatgtac acccctctat tccactgtgt gagaaacggg ggcatgaaaa
     2341 tggagagatc actttagtag atggtgtaga tctaacaggg acggaagaca gatcattgaa
     2401 agcagcaagg atggacactc tagagaataa tcgcagcaaa gaggaatgtc ctgatattcc
     2461 agacaagtct tgtcctatat cactggaaaa tgaaaccatc agtacattaa gtaggcaaga
     2521 ctctgtccag ccttgtacag atgaggtagt aacaggacga gctctagtgt gtcctgtttg
     2581 taacctagaa caagagactt ctgatcttac cctcttcaac atacatgtgg atatttgctt
     2641 aaataaaggt attatccaag aactgagaaa tagtgaaggt aattcagtta aacaacccaa
     2701 agaaagctcg agaagtactg acagacttca gaaggcttca ggaaggacca aaaggccagg
     2761 aacgaagaca aagagctcaa ctttgaagaa aacaaagccc cgagatccca gacacaccct
     2821 tgatggattt tttaaatgaa ctttgaacat tttatcaacg tttatcattg aaattattat
     2881 tttcatagtc aatatattta ttcttcctca ttttaaatgt attcctttaa ggaagacaag
     2941 tgcaataatg cctcccctac gtgacctttt taagaatgta gactgaatat taatttattt
     3001 catttatgtt ttccttaata gccatgagaa tttcattccc agtatatata tatatatctt
     3061 agttggaaat cagtcgtgtt agagacagtg taagaagtga ggtcagaaag tgatgcgtta
     3121 ttttataatg gatataaaat atttccaagg actctgagcc acatggagca acctcaccat
     3181 cagctcctcc atgcttagtc accatggtgc cattgatgct tccgtaccta cctgtgtgca
     3241 tctctgtgtc ctgtgagcag atgcagttag aatcggccat gatgtccatg aagaacatta
     3301 gcttaacata aagagtgtgg gcatggctgt tcccttcagg aaggtgatgc acagtattat
     3361 ctgtgttcag aggacctgtc caaacctgtg atttgtattc ttacttatct tacatataag
     3421 cacttggttc acataaatat ttagtccata attcaaaatc ttttttttaa ctcagtactt
     3481 taaatggcag tatttaattt cttaacattt atatttgact acaaatctgc agtaaacaag
     3541 gtaagttgtg tagttgcctg gttttcattc ccctctttag gagaaaatag acacctcaga
     3601 agatgtgccc tgaggagtca ctgcacttac cgtagctgct tctctgtcgt ctctgctaat
     3661 tgttgtggga gaaagatttg cagcaattca gaggttgctg cagatgtagt accacccaca
     3721 agttcttacc aaaaagccct tcctgctact actttaagaa ctgaattctg ctgggttgtg
     3781 gtggtgcacg cctttaatcc cagcactggg aggcagaggc agaggcaggt ggatctctga
     3841 atttgaggac aacctggtct acagagtgag ttccagaaag aacagcctgg accacacaga
     3901 gaaaccctac ttcaaaacac aaaaaaggaa aaaaaaaacc ctgaatattt tttatagtct
     3961 tgcctttgct tattttaatg catttattat agacagagag atatttgatg gtccttagaa
     4021 ccgaccttgt atggcacagt cttaacctga cttttaattg ctagactgct taaaaaaatg
     4081 ggctaaaagc tcgctgacac accagaccct tacctgatat tatacaccac aacagttcca
     4141 actctgtggt cctttggtta ttggttgtga tttacttatg taaactattt ataaaattaa
     4201 attcaatgaa actgatttaa tgtattgaaa aatagatatt actgtattat tttcttccat
     4261 ctgaagttta tttttgttgt tttcaacatt aagtaataaa ttattttcat gtagatgcta
     4321 caaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa a
//
