LOCUS       NM_011099               2221 bp    mRNA    linear   ROD 18-FEB-2025
DEFINITION  Mus musculus pyruvate kinase, muscle (Pkm), transcript variant 2,
            mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_011099 XM_979537 XM_979576 XM_979609 XM_979652 XM_979685
            XM_979725 XM_979753 XM_979779 XM_979805 XM_979833 XM_979863
            XM_979890 XM_979922 XM_979949
VERSION     NM_011099.4
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; RefSeq Select.
SOURCE      Mus musculus (house mouse)
  ORGANISM  Mus musculus
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha;
            Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 2221)
  AUTHORS   Wu,M., Jia,G., Liu,Y., Lou,Y., Li,Y., Xia,M., Li,H. and Li,W.
  TITLE     PKM2 controls cochlear development through lactate-dependent
            transcriptional regulation
  JOURNAL   Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 122 (2), e2410829122 (2025)
   PUBMED   39773029
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 2221)
  AUTHORS   Gao,J., Liu,R., Tang,J., Pan,M., Zhuang,Y., Zhang,Y., Liao,H.,
            Li,Z., Shen,N., Ma,W., Chen,J. and Wan,Q.
  TITLE     Suppressing nuclear translocation of microglial PKM2 confers
            neuroprotection via downregulation of neuroinflammation after mouse
            cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury
  JOURNAL   Int Immunopharmacol 141, 112880 (2024)
   PUBMED   39153304
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Suppressing nuclear translocation of microglial PKM2
            confers neuroprotection via downregulation of neuroinflammation
            after mouse cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 2221)
  AUTHORS   Yang,L., Hu,C., Chen,X., Zhang,J., Feng,Z., Xiao,Y., He,W., Cui,T.,
            Zhang,X., Yang,Y., Zhang,Y. and Yan,Y.
  TITLE     Upregulated expression of ubiquitin ligase TRIM21 promotes PKM2
            nuclear translocation and astrocyte activation in experimental
            autoimmune encephalomyelitis
  JOURNAL   Elife 13, 98181 (2024)
   PUBMED   39264698
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Upregulated expression of ubiquitin ligase TRIM21 promotes
            PKM2 nuclear translocation and astrocyte activation in experimental
            autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 2221)
  AUTHORS   Zhu,H., Zhang,H., Zhao,X.J., Zhang,L., Liu,X., Zhang,Z.Y., Ren,Y.Z.
            and Feng,Y.
  TITLE     Tetramerization of PKM2 Alleviates Traumatic Brain Injury by
            Ameliorating Mitochondrial Damage in Microglia
  JOURNAL   J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 19 (1), 48 (2024)
   PUBMED   39196455
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Tetramerization of PKM2 Alleviates Traumatic Brain Injury
            by Ameliorating Mitochondrial Damage in Microglia.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 2221)
  AUTHORS   Guo,J., Nie,J., Li,D., Zhang,H., Zhao,T., Zhang,S., Ma,L., Lu,J.,
            Ji,H., Li,S., Tao,S. and Xu,B.
  TITLE     The role of NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-2 in liver metabolic
            stress through regulating pyruvate kinase M2 ubiquitination
  JOURNAL   J Transl Med 22 (1), 656 (2024)
   PUBMED   39004743
  REMARK    GeneRIF: The role of NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-2 in liver
            metabolic stress through regulating pyruvate kinase M2
            ubiquitination.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 2221)
  AUTHORS   Peters,J. and Andrews,S.J.
  TITLE     The Pk-3 gene determines both the heart, M1, and the kidney, M2,
            pyruvate kinase isozymes in the mouse; and a simple electrophoretic
            method for separating phosphoglucomutase-3
  JOURNAL   Biochem Genet 22 (11-12), 1047-1063 (1984)
   PUBMED   6241468
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 2221)
  AUTHORS   O'Brien,S.J. and Nash,W.G.
  TITLE     Genetic mapping in mammals: chromosome map of domestic cat
  JOURNAL   Science 216 (4543), 257-265 (1982)
   PUBMED   7063884
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 2221)
  AUTHORS   Peters,J., Nash,H.R., Eicher,E.M. and Bulfield,G.
  TITLE     Polymorphism of kidney pyruvate kinase in the mouse is determined
            by a gene, Pk-3, on chromosome 9
  JOURNAL   Biochem Genet 19 (7-8), 757-769 (1981)
   PUBMED   7295297
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 2221)
  AUTHORS   Johnson,F.M., Chasalow,F., Anderson,G., Macdougal,P., Hendren,R.W.
            and Lewis,S.E.
  TITLE     A variation in mouse kidney pyruvate kinase activity determined by
            a mutant gene on chromosome 9
  JOURNAL   Genet Res 37 (2), 123-131 (1981)
   PUBMED   7262549
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 2221)
  AUTHORS   Lalley,P.A., Francke,U. and Minna,J.D.
  TITLE     The genes coding for pyruvate kinase (M2) and mannosephosphate
            isomerase are linked in man and mouse
  JOURNAL   Cytogenet Cell Genet 22 (1-6), 581-584 (1978)
   PUBMED   752545
COMMENT     VALIDATED REFSEQ: This record has undergone validation or
            preliminary review. The reference sequence was derived from
            AC160637.2.
            
            On Mar 12, 2020 this sequence version replaced NM_011099.3.
            
            Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks an in-frame exon and
            contains an alternate in-frame exon in the coding region, compared
            to variant 1. The encoded isoform (M2) is identical in length to
            isoform M1, but has a different sequence. Variants 2 and 5-7 all
            encode the same isoform (M2).
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: AK171023.1, AK155110.1 [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: single sample supports all introns
                                           SAMN00849374, SAMN00849375
                                           [ECO:0000348]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            gene product(s) localized to mito. :: inferred from homology
            RefSeq Select criteria             :: based on conservation,
                                                  expression
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: full length.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-74                AC160637.2         108647-108720       c
            75-241              AC160637.2         99930-100096        c
            242-333             AC160637.2         99342-99433         c
            334-465             AC160637.2         96616-96747         c
            466-652             AC160637.2         96197-96383         c
            653-923             AC160637.2         94559-94829         c
            924-1074            AC160637.2         93571-93721         c
            1075-1227           AC160637.2         93223-93375         c
            1228-1394           AC160637.2         89562-89728         c
            1395-1576           AC160637.2         87071-87252         c
            1577-2221           AC160637.2         85924-86568         c
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..2221
                     /organism="Mus musculus"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /strain="C57BL/6"
                     /db_xref="taxon:10090"
                     /chromosome="9"
                     /map="9 32.03 cM"
     gene            1..2221
                     /gene="Pkm"
                     /gene_synonym="Pk-2; Pk-3; Pk3; Pkm2"
                     /note="pyruvate kinase, muscle"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:18746"
                     /db_xref="MGI:MGI:97591"
     exon            1..74
                     /gene="Pkm"
                     /gene_synonym="Pk-2; Pk-3; Pk3; Pkm2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            75..241
                     /gene="Pkm"
                     /gene_synonym="Pk-2; Pk-3; Pk3; Pkm2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             88..1683
                     /gene="Pkm"
                     /gene_synonym="Pk-2; Pk-3; Pk3; Pkm2"
                     /EC_number="2.7.1.40"
                     /EC_number="2.7.11.1"
                     /EC_number="2.7.10.2"
                     /note="isoform M2 is encoded by transcript variant 2;
                     pyruvate kinase isozymes M1/M2; pyruvate kinase muscle
                     isozyme; pyruvate kinase 3; tyrosine-protein kinase PKM2;
                     threonine-protein kinase PKM2; pyruvate kinase PKM"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="pyruvate kinase PKM isoform M2"
                     /protein_id="NP_035229.2"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS40659.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:18746"
                     /db_xref="MGI:MGI:97591"
                     /translation="MPKPHSEAGTAFIQTQQLHAAMADTFLEHMCRLDIDSAPITARN
                     TGIICTIGPASRSVEMLKEMIKSGMNVARLNFSHGTHEYHAETIKNVREATESFASDP
                     ILYRPVAVALDTKGPEIRTGLIKGSGTAEVELKKGATLKITLDNAYMEKCDENILWLD
                     YKNICKVVEVGSKIYVDDGLISLQVKEKGADFLVTEVENGGSLGSKKGVNLPGAAVDL
                     PAVSEKDIQDLKFGVEQDVDMVFASFIRKAADVHEVRKVLGEKGKNIKIISKIENHEG
                     VRRFDEILEASDGIMVARGDLGIEIPAEKVFLAQKMMIGRCNRAGKPVICATQMLESM
                     IKKPRPTRAEGSDVANAVLDGADCIMLSGETAKGDYPLEAVRMQHLIAREAEAAIYHL
                     QLFEELRRLAPITSDPTEAAAVGAVEASFKCCSGAIIVLTKSGRSAHQVARYRPRAPI
                     IAVTRNPQTARQAHLYRGIFPVLCKDAVLNAWAEDVDLRVNLAMDVGKARGFFKKGDV
                     VIVLTGWRPGSGFTNTMRVVPVP"
     exon            242..333
                     /gene="Pkm"
                     /gene_synonym="Pk-2; Pk-3; Pk3; Pkm2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            334..465
                     /gene="Pkm"
                     /gene_synonym="Pk-2; Pk-3; Pk3; Pkm2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            466..652
                     /gene="Pkm"
                     /gene_synonym="Pk-2; Pk-3; Pk3; Pkm2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            653..923
                     /gene="Pkm"
                     /gene_synonym="Pk-2; Pk-3; Pk3; Pkm2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            924..1074
                     /gene="Pkm"
                     /gene_synonym="Pk-2; Pk-3; Pk3; Pkm2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1075..1227
                     /gene="Pkm"
                     /gene_synonym="Pk-2; Pk-3; Pk3; Pkm2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1228..1394
                     /gene="Pkm"
                     /gene_synonym="Pk-2; Pk-3; Pk3; Pkm2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1395..1576
                     /gene="Pkm"
                     /gene_synonym="Pk-2; Pk-3; Pk3; Pkm2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1577..2221
                     /gene="Pkm"
                     /gene_synonym="Pk-2; Pk-3; Pk3; Pkm2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      2200..2205
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="Pkm"
                     /gene_synonym="Pk-2; Pk-3; Pk3; Pkm2"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     polyA_site      2221
                     /gene="Pkm"
                     /gene_synonym="Pk-2; Pk-3; Pk3; Pkm2"
                     /note="major polyA site"
ORIGIN      
        1 gcacagcagc gactcgtctt cacttgactg acgtccgctc taggtatcgc agcaggaacc
       61 gaagtacgcc cgaggacttc aggaaccatg ccgaagccac acagtgaagc agggactgcc
      121 ttcattcaga cccagcagct ccatgcagcc atggctgaca ccttcctgga acacatgtgc
      181 cgcctggaca ttgactctgc ccccatcacg gcccgcaaca ctggcatcat ttgtaccatt
      241 gggcctgctt cccgatctgt ggagatgctg aaggagatga ttaagtctgg aatgaatgtg
      301 gctcggctga atttctctca tggaacccat gagtaccatg cagagaccat caagaatgtc
      361 cgtgaagcca cagaaagctt tgcatctgat cccattctct accgtcctgt tgcggtggct
      421 ctggatacaa agggacctga gatccggact ggactcatca agggcagcgg caccgctgag
      481 gtggagctga agaagggagc cactctgaag atcaccctgg acaacgctta catggagaag
      541 tgtgacgaga acatcctgtg gctggactac aagaacatct gcaaggtggt ggaggtgggc
      601 agcaagatct acgtggacga tgggctcatc tcactgcagg tgaaggagaa aggcgctgac
      661 ttcctggtga cggaggtgga gaatggtggc tccttgggca gcaagaaggg cgtgaacctg
      721 ccgggcgctg ctgtggatct ccccgctgtg tcggaaaagg acatccagga cctgaagttt
      781 ggggtggagc aggatgtgga catggtgttt gcatctttca tccgcaaggc agccgacgtg
      841 catgaagtca ggaaggtgct gggagagaag ggcaagaaca tcaagatcat cagcaaaatc
      901 gagaaccatg aaggcgtccg caggtttgat gagatcttgg aggccagtga tgggatcatg
      961 gtggctcgtg gtgacctggg cattgagatt cctgcagaga aggtcttcct ggctcagaag
     1021 atgatgatcg ggcgatgcaa ccgagctggg aagcctgtca tctgtgccac acagatgctg
     1081 gagagcatga tcaagaagcc acgccccacc cgtgctgaag gcagtgatgt ggccaatgca
     1141 gtcctggatg gagcagactg catcatgctg tctggagaaa cagccaaggg ggactaccct
     1201 ctggaggctg ttcgcatgca gcacctgatt gcccgagagg cagaggctgc catctaccac
     1261 ttgcagctat tcgaggaact ccgccgcctg gcgcccatta ccagcgaccc cacagaagct
     1321 gccgccgtgg gtgccgtgga ggcctccttc aagtgctgca gtggggccat tatcgtgctc
     1381 accaagtctg gcaggagtgc tcaccaagtg gccaggtacc gccctcgggc tcctatcatt
     1441 gccgtgactc gaaatcccca gactgctcgc caggcccatc tgtaccgtgg catcttccct
     1501 gtgctgtgta aggatgccgt gctgaatgcc tgggctgagg atgtcgacct tcgtgtaaac
     1561 ttggccatgg atgttggcaa ggcccgaggc ttcttcaaga agggagatgt ggtcattgtg
     1621 ctgaccgggt ggcgccctgg ctctggattc accaacacca tgcgtgtagt gcctgtacct
     1681 tgatggccct ctggagcccc tcttctagcc cctgtccctt cccctcccct atcctttcca
     1741 ttaggccagc aacgcttgta gtgctcactc tgggccatag tgtggcgctg gtgggctggg
     1801 acaccaggga aaattaatgc ctctaaaaca tgcaatagag accagctatt attcagggcc
     1861 ctacctgagc caggggtgga ggaggaatgc aggactggaa accctgactt tatcacagaa
     1921 gggcggcagc atctctgggc tttgcttctg tagaaagttg tcagaattcc cagccctagc
     1981 ctggagtcag gagacagcaa aagagtaggg gctgagggtg tggggcccag ggtcccagtg
     2041 tagatgacga cttctggccc tggccctgac ctgctttccc aacagctttg gcctccccac
     2101 ttcttgtgca ctccacttct gtcactgcag acactccact ctccaccttg tattctgcag
     2161 agtctccagg cctgttgcta tagtgcccac ctgaatgtca ataaacagca gctgaagcac
     2221 c
//
