LOCUS       NM_008618               1958 bp    mRNA    linear   ROD 19-SEP-2024
DEFINITION  Mus musculus malate dehydrogenase 1, NAD (soluble) (Mdh1),
            transcript variant 1, mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_008618
VERSION     NM_008618.3
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; RefSeq Select.
SOURCE      Mus musculus (house mouse)
  ORGANISM  Mus musculus
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha;
            Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 1958)
  AUTHORS   Adams,D.J., Barlas,B., McIntyre,R.E., Salguero,I., van der
            Weyden,L., Barros,A., Vicente,J.R., Karimpour,N., Haider,A.,
            Ranzani,M., Turner,G., Thompson,N.A., Harle,V., Olvera-Leon,R.,
            Robles-Espinoza,C.D., Speak,A.O., Geisler,N., Weninger,W.J.,
            Geyer,S.H., Hewinson,J., Karp,N.A., Fu,B., Yang,F., Kozik,Z.,
            Choudhary,J., Yu,L., van Ruiten,M.S., Rowland,B.D., Lelliott,C.J.,
            Del Castillo Velasco-Herrera,M., Verstraten,R., Bruckner,L.,
            Henssen,A.G., Rooimans,M.A., de Lange,J., Mohun,T.J., Arends,M.J.,
            Kentistou,K.A., Coelho,P.A., Zhao,Y., Zecchini,H., Perry,J.R.B.,
            Jackson,S.P. and Balmus,G.
  CONSRTM   Sanger Mouse Genetics Project
  TITLE     Genetic determinants of micronucleus formation in vivo
  JOURNAL   Nature 627 (8002), 130-136 (2024)
   PUBMED   38355793
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 1958)
  AUTHORS   Zhu,Q., Zhou,H., Wu,L., Lai,Z., Geng,D., Yang,W., Zhang,J., Fan,Z.,
            Qin,W., Wang,Y., Zhou,R. and Yi,W.
  TITLE     O-GlcNAcylation promotes pancreatic tumor growth by regulating
            malate dehydrogenase 1
  JOURNAL   Nat Chem Biol 18 (10), 1087-1095 (2022)
   PUBMED   35879546
  REMARK    GeneRIF: O-GlcNAcylation promotes pancreatic tumor growth by
            regulating malate dehydrogenase 1.
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 1958)
  AUTHORS   Gu,H., Chen,C., Hao,X., Su,N., Huang,D., Zou,Y., Lin,S.H., Chen,X.,
            Zheng,D., Liu,L., Yu,Z., Xie,L., Zhang,Y., He,X., Lai,X., Zhang,X.,
            Chen,G.Q., Zhao,Y., Yang,Y., Loscalzo,J. and Zheng,J.
  TITLE     MDH1-mediated malate-aspartate NADH shuttle maintains the activity
            levels of fetal liver hematopoietic stem cells
  JOURNAL   Blood 136 (5), 553-571 (2020)
   PUBMED   32396938
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 1958)
  AUTHORS   Stiebler,A.C., Freitag,J., Schink,K.O., Stehlik,T., Tillmann,B.A.,
            Ast,J. and Bolker,M.
  TITLE     Ribosomal readthrough at a short UGA stop codon context triggers
            dual localization of metabolic enzymes in Fungi and animals
  JOURNAL   PLoS Genet 10 (10), e1004685 (2014)
   PUBMED   25340584
  REMARK    Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 1958)
  AUTHORS   Beier,H. and Grimm,M.
  TITLE     Misreading of termination codons in eukaryotes by natural nonsense
            suppressor tRNAs
  JOURNAL   Nucleic Acids Res 29 (23), 4767-4782 (2001)
   PUBMED   11726686
  REMARK    Review article
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 1958)
  AUTHORS   Korthaus,D., Wedemeyer,N., Wiegand,C. and Jockusch,H.
  TITLE     The gene for cytoplasmatic malate dehydrogenase, Mor2, is closely
            linked to the wobbler spinal muscular atrophy gene (wr)
  JOURNAL   Mamm Genome 7 (3), 250 (1996)
   PUBMED   9162260
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 1958)
  AUTHORS   Ball,S.T., Moseley,H.J. and Peters,J.
  TITLE     Mor2, supernatant malate dehydrogenase, is linked to wa2 and Hba on
            mouse chromosome 11 in a region of homology with human chromosome
            2p
  JOURNAL   Genomics 24 (2), 399-400 (1994)
   PUBMED   7698769
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 1958)
  AUTHORS   Setoyama,C., Joh,T., Tsuzuki,T. and Shimada,K.
  TITLE     Structural organization of the mouse cytosolic malate dehydrogenase
            gene: comparison with that of the mouse mitochondrial malate
            dehydrogenase gene
  JOURNAL   J Mol Biol 202 (3), 355-364 (1988)
   PUBMED   3172222
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 1958)
  AUTHORS   Joh,T., Takeshima,H., Tsuzuki,T., Setoyama,C., Shimada,K.,
            Tanase,S., Kuramitsu,S., Kagamiyama,H. and Morino,Y.
  TITLE     Cloning and sequence analysis of cDNAs encoding mammalian cytosolic
            malate dehydrogenase. Comparison of the amino acid sequences of
            mammalian and bacterial malate dehydrogenase
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 262 (31), 15127-15131 (1987)
   PUBMED   3312200
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 1958)
  AUTHORS   Charles,D.J. and Pretsch,W.
  TITLE     Linear dose-response relationship of erythrocyte enzyme-activity
            mutations in offspring of ethylnitrosourea-treated mice
  JOURNAL   Mutat Res 176 (1), 81-91 (1987)
   PUBMED   3796661
COMMENT     REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The
            reference sequence was derived from CA559418.1, BC050940.1,
            AK005237.1 and BY586895.1.
            
            On Jul 21, 2009 this sequence version replaced NM_008618.2.
            
            Summary: This gene encodes an enzyme that catalyzes the
            NAD/NADH-dependent, reversible oxidation of malate to oxaloacetate
            in many metabolic pathways, including the citric acid cycle. Two
            main isozymes are known to exist in eukaryotic cells: one is found
            in the mitochondrial matrix and the other in the cytoplasm. This
            gene encodes the cytosolic isozyme, which plays a key role in the
            malate-aspartate shuttle that allows malate to pass through the
            mitochondrial membrane to be transformed into oxaloacetate for
            further cellular processes. A recent study showed that a
            C-terminally extended isoform is produced by use of an alternative
            in-frame translation termination codon via a stop codon readthrough
            mechanism, and that this isoform is localized in the peroxisomes. A
            pseudogene has been identified on chromosomes 12. [provided by
            RefSeq, Feb 2016].
            
            Transcript Variant: This transcript (1) encodes two isoforms, which
            result from the use of alternative in-frame translation termination
            codons. The shorter isoform (Mdh1) results from translation
            termination at the upstream UGA stop codon, while the longer
            isoform (Mdh1x) results from UGA stop codon readthrough to the
            downstream UGA termination codon. This RefSeq represents the
            shorter isoform (Mdh1), which is localized in the cytosol.
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: SRR1660817.263784.1, AK005237.1
                                           [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: single sample supports all introns
                                           SAMN00849380, SAMN00849381
                                           [ECO:0000348]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            RefSeq Select criteria :: based on single protein-coding transcript
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: complete on the 3' end.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-134               CA559418.1         260-393
            135-1408            BC050940.1         1-1274
            1409-1863           AK005237.1         1304-1758
            1864-1958           BY586895.1         298-392
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..1958
                     /organism="Mus musculus"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /strain="C57BL/6"
                     /db_xref="taxon:10090"
                     /chromosome="11"
                     /map="11 13.89 cM"
     gene            1..1958
                     /gene="Mdh1"
                     /gene_synonym="B230377B03Rik; KAR; MDH-s; MDHA; Mor-2;
                     Mor2"
                     /note="malate dehydrogenase 1, NAD (soluble)"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:17449"
                     /db_xref="MGI:MGI:97051"
     exon            1..205
                     /gene="Mdh1"
                     /gene_synonym="B230377B03Rik; KAR; MDH-s; MDHA; Mor-2;
                     Mor2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             203..1207
                     /gene="Mdh1"
                     /gene_synonym="B230377B03Rik; KAR; MDH-s; MDHA; Mor-2;
                     Mor2"
                     /EC_number="1.1.1.37"
                     /EC_number="1.1.1.96"
                     /note="isoform Mdh1 is encoded by transcript variant 1;
                     malate dehydrogenase, cytoplasmic; cytosolic malate
                     dehydrogenase; malate dehydrogenase, soluble; malate
                     dehydrogenase, peroxisomal; aromatic alpha-keto acid
                     reductase"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="malate dehydrogenase, cytoplasmic isoform Mdh1"
                     /protein_id="NP_032644.3"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS24466.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:17449"
                     /db_xref="MGI:MGI:97051"
                     /translation="MSEPIRVLVTGAAGQIAYSLLYSIGNGSVFGKDQPIILVLLDIT
                     PMMGVLDGVLMELQDCALPLLQDVIATDKEEIAFKDLDVAVLVGSMPRREGMERKDLL
                     KANVKIFKSQGTALEKYAKKSVKVIVVGNPANTNCLTASKSAPSIPKENFSCLTRLDH
                     NRAKSQIALKLGVTADDVKNVIIWGNHSSTQYPDVNHAKVKLQGKEVGVYEALKDDSW
                     LKGEFITTVQQRGAAVIKARKLSSAMSAAKAIADHIRDIWFGTPEGEFVSMGVISDGN
                     SYGVPDDLLYSFPVVIKNKTWKFVEGLPINDFSREKMDLTAKELTEEKETAFEFLSSA
                     "
     exon            206..304
                     /gene="Mdh1"
                     /gene_synonym="B230377B03Rik; KAR; MDH-s; MDHA; Mor-2;
                     Mor2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            305..401
                     /gene="Mdh1"
                     /gene_synonym="B230377B03Rik; KAR; MDH-s; MDHA; Mor-2;
                     Mor2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            402..577
                     /gene="Mdh1"
                     /gene_synonym="B230377B03Rik; KAR; MDH-s; MDHA; Mor-2;
                     Mor2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            578..700
                     /gene="Mdh1"
                     /gene_synonym="B230377B03Rik; KAR; MDH-s; MDHA; Mor-2;
                     Mor2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            701..877
                     /gene="Mdh1"
                     /gene_synonym="B230377B03Rik; KAR; MDH-s; MDHA; Mor-2;
                     Mor2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            878..991
                     /gene="Mdh1"
                     /gene_synonym="B230377B03Rik; KAR; MDH-s; MDHA; Mor-2;
                     Mor2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            992..1081
                     /gene="Mdh1"
                     /gene_synonym="B230377B03Rik; KAR; MDH-s; MDHA; Mor-2;
                     Mor2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1082..1958
                     /gene="Mdh1"
                     /gene_synonym="B230377B03Rik; KAR; MDH-s; MDHA; Mor-2;
                     Mor2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      1385..1390
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="Mdh1"
                     /gene_synonym="B230377B03Rik; KAR; MDH-s; MDHA; Mor-2;
                     Mor2"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     polyA_site      1408
                     /gene="Mdh1"
                     /gene_synonym="B230377B03Rik; KAR; MDH-s; MDHA; Mor-2;
                     Mor2"
                     /note="major polyA site"
     regulatory      1845..1850
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="Mdh1"
                     /gene_synonym="B230377B03Rik; KAR; MDH-s; MDHA; Mor-2;
                     Mor2"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     polyA_site      1866
                     /gene="Mdh1"
                     /gene_synonym="B230377B03Rik; KAR; MDH-s; MDHA; Mor-2;
                     Mor2"
ORIGIN      
        1 gtttagcact gtcaggaatg cacgaaggtg ggcgccagag gtcgccggaa gaactacact
       61 tcccagaaag ggccgtgtct ccagccgaac ctttgcgggc cagccccgcg ttctctccca
      121 gagtctgttc cgctgtagag gtgacctgac tgctggagac tgccttttgc aggtgcagag
      181 atcggccttg cagtttgcaa taatgtctga accaatcaga gtccttgtga ctggagcagc
      241 tggtcaaatt gcatattcac tgttgtacag tattggaaat ggatctgtct ttgggaaaga
      301 ccagcccatc attcttgtgc tgttggacat cacccccatg atgggtgttc tggacggtgt
      361 cctgatggaa ctgcaagact gtgcccttcc ccttctgcag gatgtcattg caacggacaa
      421 agaagagatt gccttcaaag acctggatgt ggctgtccta gtgggctcca tgccaagaag
      481 ggaaggcatg gagaggaagg acctactgaa agccaatgtg aaaatcttca aatcccaggg
      541 cacagccttg gagaaatacg ccaagaaatc agttaaggtc attgttgtgg gaaacccagc
      601 caatacgaac tgcctgacag cctccaagtc agcgccatcg atccccaagg agaatttcag
      661 ttgcctgact cgcttggacc acaaccgagc aaaatctcaa attgctctta aactcggtgt
      721 aaccgctgat gatgtaaaga atgtcattat ctggggaaat cattcatcga cccagtatcc
      781 agatgtcaat catgccaagg tgaaactgca aggaaaggaa gtcggtgtgt atgaagccct
      841 gaaagacgac agctggctga agggagagtt catcacgact gtgcaacagc gtggtgctgc
      901 tgtcatcaag gctcggaagc tgtccagtgc aatgtctgct gcgaaagcca tcgcagacca
      961 catcagagac atctggtttg gaaccccaga gggagagttc gtgtcgatgg gtgttatctc
     1021 tgatggcaac tcctatggtg tccctgatga cctgctctac tcattccctg tcgtgatcaa
     1081 gaataagacc tggaagtttg ttgaaggcct ccccattaat gacttctccc gtgaaaagat
     1141 ggacctgaca gcaaaggagc tgaccgagga aaaggagacc gcttttgagt ttctctcctc
     1201 tgcgtgacta gacactcgtt ttgacatcag cagacagccg aaggctgagg aatcaaaatg
     1261 tcgtctttga gcctagtacc aaacagtaat aatgctacat tcaaattgtg aacagcaaaa
     1321 tattttaaat agtgtgtgct ttatgatttg tgaaagtcta tcatgttgtt agtgctgcaa
     1381 tctaaataaa agtatattca agtgaaaatc tctcagactc tgtttctact ttatatttag
     1441 tatcttcagg aaaacaagtt tgcccaatag attataattt tactttttta attgactaaa
     1501 agaaataaag atggaaaata ttatgaagta aagcattagt ctctaacata aacaaggaag
     1561 cccaatcaat ttcagaggga tcccattact taagtcctta aaggttggtt catgttttgc
     1621 tcataatttg attttaaaat tagctgtaag aaggttgcag ataatctatc ttctttatat
     1681 tctatagcag aataatgaag tcattaatat ttgatagcca ataataccac actattaata
     1741 tttgtaagct aagattatta gaaacataaa actgtttttg agtcagtctg ttttccatga
     1801 gaagacatgc atcatctttg tgtgttttgt gcattactca gtgcaataaa taaccataat
     1861 ctcaaagctg gctgtaattt gctttgtgga tattcaaata cttgttggtt agatttgctg
     1921 tttacctgta ttagtaaata ttatctatat taaagtgc
//
