LOCUS       NM_013820               5517 bp    mRNA    linear   ROD 14-OCT-2024
DEFINITION  Mus musculus hexokinase 2 (Hk2), mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_013820 XM_989633
VERSION     NM_013820.4
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; RefSeq Select.
SOURCE      Mus musculus (house mouse)
  ORGANISM  Mus musculus
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha;
            Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 5517)
  AUTHORS   Codocedo,J.F., Mera-Reina,C., Bor-Chian Lin,P., Fallen,P.B.,
            Puntambekar,S.S., Casali,B.T., Jury-Garfe,N., Martinez,P.,
            Lasagna-Reeves,C.A. and Landreth,G.E.
  TITLE     Therapeutic targeting of immunometabolism reveals a critical
            reliance on hexokinase 2 dosage for microglial activation and
            Alzheimer's progression
  JOURNAL   Cell Rep 43 (7), 114488 (2024)
   PUBMED   39002124
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 5517)
  AUTHORS   Ayyangar,U., Karkhanis,A., Tay,H., Afandi,A.F.B., Bhattacharjee,O.,
            Ks,L., Lee,S.H., Chan,J. and Raghavan,S.
  TITLE     Metabolic rewiring of macrophages by epidermal-derived lactate
            promotes sterile inflammation in the murine skin
  JOURNAL   EMBO J 43 (7), 1113-1134 (2024)
   PUBMED   38418556
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 5517)
  AUTHORS   Yang,J., Zhu,L., Pan,H., Ueharu,H., Toda,M., Yang,Q., Hallett,S.A.,
            Olson,L.E. and Mishina,Y.
  TITLE     A BMP-controlled metabolic/epigenetic signaling cascade directs
            midfacial morphogenesis
  JOURNAL   J Clin Invest 134 (8), e165787 (2024)
   PUBMED   38466355
  REMARK    Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 5517)
  AUTHORS   Li,C., Zhang,Y., Shen,J., Bao,H., Zhao,Y., Li,D., Li,S., Liu,Y.,
            Yang,J., Zhou,Z., Gao,K., Zhao,L., Pei,Y., Lu,Y., Pan,Z. and Cai,B.
  TITLE     Cfp1 Controls Cardiomyocyte Maturation by Modifying Histone H3K4me3
            of Structural, Metabolic, and Contractile Related Genes
  JOURNAL   Adv Sci (Weinh) 11 (11), e2305992 (2024)
   PUBMED   38196272
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 5517)
  AUTHORS   Weh,E., Goswami,M., Chaudhury,S., Fernando,R., Miller,N., Hager,H.,
            Sheskey,S., Sharma,V., Wubben,T.J. and Besirli,C.G.
  TITLE     Metabolic Alterations Caused by Simultaneous Loss of HK2 and PKM2
            Leads to Photoreceptor Dysfunction and Degeneration
  JOURNAL   Cells 12 (16), 2043 (2023)
   PUBMED   37626853
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Metabolic Alterations Caused by Simultaneous Loss of HK2
            and PKM2 Leads to Photoreceptor Dysfunction and Degeneration.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 5517)
  AUTHORS   Heikkinen,S., Suppola,S., Malkki,M., Deeb,S.S., Janne,J. and
            Laakso,M.
  TITLE     Mouse hexokinase II gene: structure, cDNA, promoter analysis, and
            expression pattern
  JOURNAL   Mamm Genome 11 (2), 91-96 (2000)
   PUBMED   10656921
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 5517)
  AUTHORS   Heikkinen,S., Pietila,M., Halmekyto,M., Suppola,S., Pirinen,E.,
            Deeb,S.S., Janne,J. and Laakso,M.
  TITLE     Hexokinase II-deficient mice. Prenatal death of homozygotes without
            disturbances in glucose tolerance in heterozygotes
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 274 (32), 22517-22523 (1999)
   PUBMED   10428828
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 5517)
  AUTHORS   Hotfilder,M., Baxendale,S., Cross,M.A. and Sablitzky,F.
  TITLE     Def-2, -3, -6 and -8, novel mouse genes differentially expressed in
            the haemopoietic system
  JOURNAL   Br J Haematol 106 (2), 335-344 (1999)
   PUBMED   10460589
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 5517)
  AUTHORS   Weber,J.S., Jang,W., Simin,K., Lu,W., Yu,J. and Meisler,M.H.
  TITLE     High-resolution genetic, physical, and transcript map of the mnd2
            region of mouse chromosome 6
  JOURNAL   Genomics 54 (1), 107-115 (1998)
   PUBMED   9806835
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 5517)
  AUTHORS   Tsao,T.S., Burcelin,R. and Charron,M.J.
  TITLE     Regulation of hexokinase II gene expression by glucose flux in
            skeletal muscle
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 271 (25), 14959-14963 (1996)
   PUBMED   8663067
COMMENT     VALIDATED REFSEQ: This record has undergone validation or
            preliminary review. The reference sequence was derived from
            AC116811.15.
            
            On Jul 22, 2022 this sequence version replaced NM_013820.3.
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: BC054472.1, AJ238540.1 [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: mixed sample support SAMN00849374,
                                           SAMN00849375 [ECO:0006172]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            RefSeq Select criteria :: based on conservation, expression,
                                      longest protein
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: full length.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-539               AC116811.15        127744-128282       c
            540-702             AC116811.15        113930-114092       c
            703-851             AC116811.15        103015-103163       c
            852-971             AC116811.15        98688-98807         c
            972-1067            AC116811.15        97771-97866         c
            1068-1167           AC116811.15        97094-97193         c
            1168-1351           AC116811.15        96629-96812         c
            1352-1507           AC116811.15        93345-93500         c
            1508-1741           AC116811.15        92113-92346         c
            1742-2046           AC116811.15        90356-90660         c
            2047-2195           AC116811.15        89073-89221         c
            2196-2315           AC116811.15        88674-88793         c
            2316-2411           AC116811.15        85927-86022         c
            2412-2511           AC116811.15        84874-84973         c
            2512-2695           AC116811.15        84594-84777         c
            2696-2851           AC116811.15        83371-83526         c
            2852-3085           AC116811.15        82538-82771         c
            3086-5517           AC116811.15        78849-81280         c
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..5517
                     /organism="Mus musculus"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /strain="C57BL/6"
                     /db_xref="taxon:10090"
                     /chromosome="6"
                     /map="6 35.94 cM"
     gene            1..5517
                     /gene="Hk2"
                     /gene_synonym="HKII"
                     /note="hexokinase 2"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:15277"
                     /db_xref="MGI:MGI:1315197"
     exon            1..539
                     /gene="Hk2"
                     /gene_synonym="HKII"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             477..3230
                     /gene="Hk2"
                     /gene_synonym="HKII"
                     /EC_number="2.7.1.1"
                     /note="HK II; hexokinase type II"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="hexokinase-2"
                     /protein_id="NP_038848.1"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS20263.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:15277"
                     /db_xref="MGI:MGI:1315197"
                     /translation="MIASHMIACLFTELNQNQVQKVDQYLYHMRLSDETLLEISRRFR
                     KEMEKGLGATTHPTAAVKMLPTFVRSTPDGTEHGEFLALDLGGTNFRVLRVRVTDNGL
                     QRVEMENQIYAIPEDIMRGSGTQLFDHIAECLANFMDKLQIKEKKLPLGFTFSFPCHQ
                     TKLDESFLVSWTKGFKSSGVEGRDVVDLIRKAIQRRGDFDIDIVAVVNDTVGTMMTCG
                     YDDQNCEIGLIVGTGSNACYMEEMRHIDMVEGDEGRMCINMEWGAFGDDGTLNDIRTE
                     FDREIDMGSLNPGKQLFEKMISGMYMGELVRLILVKMAKAELLFQGKLSPELLTTGSF
                     ETKDVSDIEDDKDGIQKAYQILVRLGLSPLQEDCVATHRICQIVSTRSASLCAATLAA
                     VLWRIKENKGEERLRSTIGVDGSVYKKHPHFAKRLHKAVRRLVPDCDVRFLRSEDGSG
                     KGAAMVTAVAYRLADQHRARQKTLESLKLSHEQLLEVKRRMKVEMEQGLSKETHEAAP
                     VKMLPTYVCATPDGTEKGDFLALDLGGTNFRVLLVRVRNGKRRGVEMHNKIYSIPQEV
                     MHGTGEELFDHIVQCIADFLEYMGMKGVSLPLGFTFSFPCQQNSLDQSILLKWTKGFK
                     ASGCEGEDVVTLLKEAIRRREEFDLDVVAVVNDTVGTMMTCGYEDPHCEVGLIVGTGS
                     NACYMEEMRNVELVDGEEGRMCVNMEWGAFGDNGCLDDLRTVFDVAVDELSLNPGKQR
                     FEKMISGMYLGEIVRNILIDFTKRGLLFRGRISERLKTRGIFETKFLSQIESDCLALL
                     QVRAILRHLGLESTCDDSIIVKEVCTVVARRAAQLCGAGMAAVVDKIRENRGLDNLKV
                     TVGVDGTLYKLHPHFAKVMHETVRDLAPKCDVSFLESEDGSGKGAALITAVACRIREA
                     GQR"
     exon            540..702
                     /gene="Hk2"
                     /gene_synonym="HKII"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            703..851
                     /gene="Hk2"
                     /gene_synonym="HKII"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            852..971
                     /gene="Hk2"
                     /gene_synonym="HKII"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            972..1067
                     /gene="Hk2"
                     /gene_synonym="HKII"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1068..1167
                     /gene="Hk2"
                     /gene_synonym="HKII"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1168..1351
                     /gene="Hk2"
                     /gene_synonym="HKII"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1352..1507
                     /gene="Hk2"
                     /gene_synonym="HKII"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1508..1741
                     /gene="Hk2"
                     /gene_synonym="HKII"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1742..2046
                     /gene="Hk2"
                     /gene_synonym="HKII"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            2047..2195
                     /gene="Hk2"
                     /gene_synonym="HKII"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            2196..2315
                     /gene="Hk2"
                     /gene_synonym="HKII"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            2316..2411
                     /gene="Hk2"
                     /gene_synonym="HKII"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            2412..2511
                     /gene="Hk2"
                     /gene_synonym="HKII"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            2512..2695
                     /gene="Hk2"
                     /gene_synonym="HKII"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            2696..2851
                     /gene="Hk2"
                     /gene_synonym="HKII"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            2852..3085
                     /gene="Hk2"
                     /gene_synonym="HKII"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            3086..5517
                     /gene="Hk2"
                     /gene_synonym="HKII"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      5488..5493
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="Hk2"
                     /gene_synonym="HKII"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     polyA_site      5517
                     /gene="Hk2"
                     /gene_synonym="HKII"
                     /note="major polyA site"
ORIGIN      
        1 acattgttgc accaactcca gtgctggagt ctcaggacac cacaggctac ccggagttgt
       61 tctgctttgg agatccgagg gcaggagcat cacgccagtg actctgatag gtgcgatcgc
      121 cggattggaa cagaactgtc atttttttcc gaagttgagc cttagtgacc cagtgagtga
      181 agttagcgac gggacgctaa gcagctagac cggtcggcag gagtgagact tagggtacct
      241 tctagtagtt gtgattaaaa aaattgaaaa aaagaaaaaa aaaaaccctg tttctggaaa
      301 cttgaggccc tcagctggtg agccatcgtg gttaagcttc tttgtgtggc tcctggagtc
      361 ttcgatccca gccggacacc cgggcctggt ttcaaagcgg tcggacagcg ctgcctgctc
      421 catcggtagc gctcgagcct cggtttctct atttggcccc gactcgccgc aacaagatga
      481 tcgcctcgca tatgatcgcc tgcttattca cggagctcaa ccaaaaccaa gtgcagaagg
      541 ttgaccagta tctctaccac atgcgtctct cagatgagac ccttctggag atttctaggc
      601 ggttccggaa ggagatggag aaggggctag gagctaccac acaccctaca gcagctgtga
      661 agatgctgcc cacctttgtg aggtcaactc cggatgggac agaacatggc gagttcctgg
      721 ctctggacct tggaggaacc aacttccgtg tgctccgagt aagggtgaca gacaatggtc
      781 tccagagggt ggagatggag aaccagatct acgccattcc cgaggacatc atgcggggca
      841 gtggaaccca gctgtttgac cacattgccg aatgcctggc caacttcatg gacaagctac
      901 agatcaaaga gaagaagctc ccgctgggtt tcaccttctc gttcccctgc caccagacga
      961 aactggatga gagtttcttg gtctcatgga ctaaggggtt caagtccagt ggcgtggaag
     1021 gcagagatgt ggtggatctg atccggaagg ccatccagcg cagaggggac tttgacattg
     1081 acattgtggc tgtggtgaat gacacggttg ggaccatgat gacttgtggt tatgatgatc
     1141 agaactgcga gattggtctc attgtgggta ctggcagtaa tgcctgctac atggaggaga
     1201 tgcgtcacat tgacatggtg gagggcgacg agggacggat gtgcatcaac atggagtggg
     1261 gggcctttgg ggacgacggt acactcaatg acatccgaac tgagtttgac agagagatcg
     1321 acatgggctc actgaaccct gggaagcagc tgtttgagaa gatgatcagc gggatgtaca
     1381 tgggggagct ggtcagactc atcctggtga agatggccaa ggccgagctg ctgttccaag
     1441 ggaaactcag cccagagctc cttaccactg gctccttcga gaccaaagat gtctcggata
     1501 ttgaagacga taaggacgga attcagaagg cctaccagat cctggtgcgc ctgggtctga
     1561 gcccgctgca ggaggactgt gtggccacgc accgaatctg ccagattgtg tccacgcgct
     1621 cagccagcct gtgtgcagcc accctggccg cggtgctgtg gcggatcaaa gagaacaagg
     1681 gcgaggagcg actccgctcc accatcggcg tggatggctc tgtctacaag aaacatcccc
     1741 attttgccaa gcgtctccat aaggcagtga ggaggctggt gcccgattgt gatgtccgct
     1801 tcctccgctc tgaggatggc agcggcaagg gggcggctat ggtgacggcg gtggcttacc
     1861 gtctggctga ccaacaccgg gcccgccaga agaccctgga gtctctgaag ctgagccatg
     1921 aacagctgct ggaggttaag agaaggatga aggtggaaat ggagcagggt ctgagcaagg
     1981 agacgcatga ggccgcccct gtgaagatgt tgcccactta tgtgtgtgcc actccagacg
     2041 gtacagagaa aggagacttc ctggccttgg atcttggagg aacaaacttc cgggtcctgc
     2101 tggtgcgcgt gcgtaatggc aagcgaaggg gcgtagagat gcataacaag atctactcca
     2161 tcccacagga agtcatgcat ggcactggag aagagctttt cgaccacatt gtccagtgca
     2221 tcgcggactt ccttgagtac atgggcatga agggcgtgtc cctacctttg ggtttcacct
     2281 tctccttccc ttgccagcag aacagcctgg accagagcat cctcctcaag tggacaaagg
     2341 gattcaaggc atccggctgc gagggtgaag atgtggtcac cttgctgaag gaagccattc
     2401 gccggcgaga ggagtttgac ctggatgtgg tggccgtggt aaatgacaca gttgggacta
     2461 tgatgacttg tggctatgaa gaccctcact gtgaagttgg cctcattgtt ggcactggaa
     2521 gcaatgcctg ctacatggag gagatgcgta atgtggaact ggtggacgga gaggaggggc
     2581 ggatgtgtgt caacatggag tggggagcgt tcggggacaa cggctgcctg gatgacctgc
     2641 gcacagtgtt tgacgtcgct gtggacgagc tctctctcaa ccctggcaaa cagaggtttg
     2701 agaagatgat cagcggcatg tacttgggcg agattgtgcg caacatcctg atcgatttca
     2761 caaagcgggg gctgctcttc cgtggccgca tctcagagcg cctcaagaca aggggaatct
     2821 tcgaaactaa gttcctgtct cagatcgaga gtgactgcct ggccctgcta caggtccgag
     2881 ccatcttgcg ccacctaggg ctggagagca cgtgtgacga cagcatcatt gtgaaggagg
     2941 tgtgcactgt ggtcgcccgg cgcgcggccc agctctgtgg cgcaggcatg gccgccgtgg
     3001 tggacaagat aagagagaac cgtggactgg acaacctcaa agtgacggtg ggcgtggacg
     3061 ggacactgta caagcttcat cctcactttg ccaaagtcat gcatgagacg gtgagagatc
     3121 tggctccgaa atgtgacgtg tccttcctgg aatccgagga cggcagtggg aagggagcgg
     3181 ctctcatcac tgctgtggcc tgtcgcatcc gggaggccgg gcagagatag aaccttggag
     3241 cagacgggac ttccctgctt cctcacttcc ctgttttaaa ttatgaggag atggacctct
     3301 tggcatttcc ttggcagaga ggaccccgag agactgggac ttttgtcccg atattcactg
     3361 tagagtttga tacccaatcc ttggccttcc tgagaatcag aagtaaggaa ttgttcacaa
     3421 gttgttcctg ctggtcactt cctggcatgt tccctcccct gttctacttc ctgtacagtc
     3481 ctatgggatg gggacagtct tgcgaatatg gttgcctcat cttggagctg aatgcgacat
     3541 ttataggtgg agaacatctt gaaatgttga tacttctgtc atcagatcag gcattgggag
     3601 ggagggagga ggaggaggaa gaggaggagg aggaggagca gtatggaacg tcccctggcc
     3661 tacatggctg tccctcttca gctcaacctg taggcatcac cctgctggtt ctaaacattt
     3721 gctgtcctgg aatagaggaa cccaaaccaa agctagactc gacaccccct tcaagtgtct
     3781 gtggctttac ctcacacggc tgaacgggtc atctatgagc agcagacctt ggggctaggg
     3841 gtggctttgg tagcttttca atttcttttt tttttttttt tttaatttat gtttgaaatt
     3901 tatttagttt gaagcaggtc ctctccttca ttgtgtaatg gttaattatg taagtaatgt
     3961 atttatatgt tcctttgttc tgtatatagc tggccagggt ctcctctgac tcggccttgt
     4021 gagtagatag atcattgtag ttcaggatat gaggtggaga cactgactgg ctctagaaat
     4081 acctcattca cccgcgggaa gaagagagac tcggaatctc ttggtgagtg atgggcagag
     4141 cgccaccagc ctccgggctt caccttcctc tgctccgtga ggtgtatgcg aggcagggat
     4201 ggagacaggg tggttcgctg agggaaagaa gccacaacac ctggctgctc cgtccagaag
     4261 ctttcctgag tgaggtctca cccgggatgt taggcaaaga aaaccaaagg atttgtttca
     4321 agttctcact gcatagaaga tgtgattttt aggtcagtcg gcgtttcaga atggtttgac
     4381 aagttacagg aagccagcga aaatgttttt aaagtcacat cagatcgttg gagcagacca
     4441 catgaagcat cgagagaact cgaccaaacc tcaggggcgt ctcggggtgt ttgtacattt
     4501 atttgccctc ctagcagatc ccacctccgg tgtgtctcgt gttttacacg agatgcacgc
     4561 tgtctgtctg cttccttgga ctgagctgca tcgagctgcc gactagcctt tttatacgag
     4621 ttatttattc cagactgttt gaagaacggg aagacaccaa tgtcctgttc tctgctctac
     4681 caacacggtt cgctctgaat tcaaaagttc acttctccct tcaaaatatt aaattgacca
     4741 ccaatgttaa acctggatag gtttaataaa gaggaaacag ccttgtaaca ctaataaaca
     4801 agatacgggg gtcaaaagag aaagaccaag agaaagctca gcatcgtggc agccatgttt
     4861 tgaacatctt tcagacttgt gctgagcaga gcctagttac aaccgaacaa gctggtgtac
     4921 agtgaaatga aggctgccca ggtcctcccg ggatgcccag agggaaggtc gagtgattcc
     4981 tgcctgatac tgcctgtctg gtgtagctcc ctcaacctgc agttaccgaa gcagaccact
     5041 gaaagccgaa gccacctata gatgtgtgca gcactagggg gtagccacct atagatgtgt
     5101 gcagcactag agggtagcca cggagtacaa atggattctg actaaatttt cgaatcttga
     5161 attttaaact ttaaaatcaa gcaccatcta ggaaaggact tttttttaaa aaggggtgtg
     5221 tgtgtatgtg tgtgtgtgtg tgtgtgtgtc taacttttaa ggaagttggc tttcaatcca
     5281 gagcatgaga cagtgtgctg tgttcctagt actaggctgg ctactgccag cactaggttg
     5341 acagctctct ctgctaatgc tgctttgtgt gatcttcagt gaacctttga ctcatctcat
     5401 atccctgggc actcggtcta gtgagcgttt tgtcatcatg tacagtagag aactagttga
     5461 attaaccatg tgatgttaac tattattaat aaattttaac tttttttttt caaaata
//
