LOCUS       NM_001379129             516 bp    mRNA    linear   ROD 18-MAR-2025
DEFINITION  Mus musculus ghrelin (Ghrl), transcript variant 6, mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_001379129 XM_006506446
VERSION     NM_001379129.1
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; RefSeq Select.
SOURCE      Mus musculus (house mouse)
  ORGANISM  Mus musculus
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha;
            Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 516)
  AUTHORS   Zhang,J., Zhao,Y., Wu,S., Han,M., Gao,L., Yang,K., Chen,H., Wang,C.
            and Xu,G.
  TITLE     Mechanosensing by Piezo1 in gastric ghrelin cells contributes to
            hepatic lipid homeostasis in mice
  JOURNAL   Sci Signal 17 (859), eadq9463 (2024)
   PUBMED   39436995
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Mechanosensing by Piezo1 in gastric ghrelin cells
            contributes to hepatic lipid homeostasis in mice.
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 516)
  AUTHORS   Zhu,J., Zhao,H., Aierken,A., Zhou,T., Menggen,M., Gao,H., He,R.,
            Aimulajiang,K. and Wen,H.
  TITLE     Ghrelin is involved in regulating the progression of Echinococcus
            Granulosus-infected liver lesions through suppression of
            immunoinflammation and fibrosis
  JOURNAL   PLoS Negl Trop Dis 18 (10), e0012587 (2024)
   PUBMED   39436864
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Ghrelin is involved in regulating the progression of
            Echinococcus Granulosus-infected liver lesions through suppression
            of immunoinflammation and fibrosis.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 516)
  AUTHORS   Varshney,S., Shankar,K., Kerr,H.L., Anderson,L.J., Gupta,D.,
            Metzger,N.P., Singh,O., Ogden,S.B., Paul,S., Pinon,F.,
            Osborne-Lawrence,S., Richard,C.P., Lawrence,C., Mani,B.K.,
            Garcia,J.M. and Zigman,J.M.
  TITLE     The LEAP2 Response to Cancer-Related Anorexia-Cachexia Syndrome in
            Male Mice and Patients
  JOURNAL   Endocrinology 165 (11) (2024)
   PUBMED   39331742
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 516)
  AUTHORS   Seim,I., Carter,S.L., Herington,A.C. and Chopin,L.K.
  TITLE     The proximal first exon architecture of the murine ghrelin gene is
            highly similar to its human orthologue
  JOURNAL   BMC Res Notes 2, 85 (2009)
   PUBMED   19426541
  REMARK    Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 516)
  AUTHORS   Zhu,X., Cao,Y., Voogd,K. and Steiner,D.F.
  TITLE     On the processing of proghrelin to ghrelin
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 281 (50), 38867-38870 (2006)
   PUBMED   17050541
  REMARK    GeneRIF: in mouse stomach, prohormone convertase 1/3 (PC1/3) is
            endoprotease responsible for the conversion of proghrelin to
            ghrelin; acylation of this peptide is processing-independent;
            expression of proghrelin mRNA is increased in processing-deficient
            mouse
            Erratum:[J Biol Chem. 2007 Jan 19;282(3):2124. Voodg, Keith
            [corrected to Voogd, Keith]]
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 516)
  AUTHORS   Jeffery,P.L., Duncan,R.P., Yeh,A.H., Jaskolski,R.A., Hammond,D.S.,
            Herington,A.C. and Chopin,L.K.
  TITLE     Expression of the ghrelin axis in the mouse: an exon 4-deleted
            mouse proghrelin variant encodes a novel C terminal peptide
  JOURNAL   Endocrinology 146 (1), 432-440 (2005)
   PUBMED   15471962
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Coexpression of ghrelin and its receptor in murine tissues
            suggests varied autocrine/paracrine roles. Exon 4-deleted
            proghrelin is also widely expressed in the mouse and thus may
            possess biological activity in these tissues.
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 516)
  AUTHORS   Liu,Y.L., Yakar,S., Otero-Corchon,V., Low,M.J. and Liu,J.L.
  TITLE     Ghrelin gene expression is age-dependent and influenced by gender
            and the level of circulating IGF-I
  JOURNAL   Mol Cell Endocrinol 189 (1-2), 97-103 (2002)
   PUBMED   12039068
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Results support a role of ghrelin in growth/metabolism in
            juvenile and young adult mice of both sexes and in sexually
            dimorphic regulation of GH secretion in aged mice.
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 516)
  AUTHORS   Tanaka,M., Hayashida,Y., Nakao,N., Nakai,N. and Nakashima,K.
  TITLE     Testis-specific and developmentally induced expression of a ghrelin
            gene-derived transcript that encodes a novel polypeptide in the
            mouse
  JOURNAL   Biochim Biophys Acta 1522 (1), 62-65 (2001)
   PUBMED   11718902
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 516)
  AUTHORS   Kojima,M., Hosoda,H., Matsuo,H. and Kangawa,K.
  TITLE     Ghrelin: discovery of the natural endogenous ligand for the growth
            hormone secretagogue receptor
  JOURNAL   Trends Endocrinol Metab 12 (3), 118-122 (2001)
   PUBMED   11306336
  REMARK    Review article
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 516)
  AUTHORS   Tomasetto,C., Karam,S.M., Ribieras,S., Masson,R., Lefebvre,O.,
            Staub,A., Alexander,G., Chenard,M.P. and Rio,M.C.
  TITLE     Identification and characterization of a novel gastric peptide
            hormone: the motilin-related peptide
  JOURNAL   Gastroenterology 119 (2), 395-405 (2000)
   PUBMED   10930375
COMMENT     REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The
            reference sequence was derived from AC117596.6.
            
            On Mar 23, 2020 this sequence version replaced XM_006506446.4.
            
            Summary: This gene encodes a preproprotein that undergoes
            proteolytic processing to yield two bioactive peptides, ghrelin and
            obestatin. The hormone ghrelin plays a role in enhancing appetite
            and has numerous other biological functions that include
            stimulating the secretion of growth hormone (somatotropin) from the
            anterior pituitary gland. Obestatin is thought to be a hormone that
            functions in decreasing appetite. Mice lacking the encoded protein
            develop normally and exhibit no gross anatomical abnormalities.
            This gene encodes distinct isoforms, some or all of which may
            undergo similar proteolytic processing. [provided by RefSeq, Jul
            2016].
            
            Transcript Variant: This variant (6), as well as variant 1, encodes
            isoform 1.
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: AB035701.1, FJ914266.1 [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: single sample supports all introns
                                           SAMN00849376 [ECO:0000348]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            RefSeq Select criteria :: based on conservation, expression,
                                      longest protein
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: full length.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-144               AC117596.6         210189-210332
            145-261             AC117596.6         210428-210544
            262-370             AC117596.6         212493-212601
            371-516             AC117596.6         213385-213530
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..516
                     /organism="Mus musculus"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /strain="C57BL/6"
                     /db_xref="taxon:10090"
                     /chromosome="6"
                     /map="6 52.84 cM"
     gene            1..516
                     /gene="Ghrl"
                     /gene_synonym="2210006E23Rik; Ghr; m46; MTLRP; MTLRPAP"
                     /note="ghrelin"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:58991"
                     /db_xref="MGI:MGI:1930008"
     exon            1..144
                     /gene="Ghrl"
                     /gene_synonym="2210006E23Rik; Ghr; m46; MTLRP; MTLRPAP"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             37..390
                     /gene="Ghrl"
                     /gene_synonym="2210006E23Rik; Ghr; m46; MTLRP; MTLRPAP"
                     /note="isoform 1 preproprotein is encoded by transcript
                     variant 6; appetite-regulating hormone; motilin-related
                     peptide; proghrelin; preproghrelin; growth hormone
                     secretagogue; growth hormone-releasing peptide"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="appetite-regulating hormone isoform 1
                     preproprotein"
                     /protein_id="NP_001366058.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:58991"
                     /db_xref="MGI:MGI:1930008"
                     /translation="MLSSGTICSLLLLSMLWMDMAMAGSSFLSPEHQKAQQRKESKKP
                     PAKLQPRALEGWLHPEDRGQAEETEEELEIRFNAPFDVGIKLSGAQYQQHGRALGKFL
                     QDILWEEVKEAPADK"
     exon            145..261
                     /gene="Ghrl"
                     /gene_synonym="2210006E23Rik; Ghr; m46; MTLRP; MTLRPAP"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            262..370
                     /gene="Ghrl"
                     /gene_synonym="2210006E23Rik; Ghr; m46; MTLRP; MTLRPAP"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            371..516
                     /gene="Ghrl"
                     /gene_synonym="2210006E23Rik; Ghr; m46; MTLRP; MTLRPAP"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      492..497
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="Ghrl"
                     /gene_synonym="2210006E23Rik; Ghr; m46; MTLRP; MTLRPAP"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     polyA_site      516
                     /gene="Ghrl"
                     /gene_synonym="2210006E23Rik; Ghr; m46; MTLRP; MTLRPAP"
                     /note="major polyA site"
ORIGIN      
        1 ctctccccca ggtcatctgt cctcaccacc aagaccatgc tgtcttcagg caccatctgc
       61 agtttgctgc tactcagcat gctctggatg gacatggcca tggcaggctc cagcttcctg
      121 agcccagagc accagaaagc ccagcagaga aaggaatcca agaagccacc agctaaactg
      181 cagccacgag ctctggaagg ctggctccac ccagaggaca gaggacaagc agaagagaca
      241 gaggaggagc tggagatcag gttcaatgct cccttcgatg ttggcatcaa gctgtcagga
      301 gctcagtatc agcagcatgg ccgggccctg gggaagtttc ttcaggatat cctctgggaa
      361 gaggtcaaag aggcgccagc tgacaagtaa ccacggacag gcctgacccc cgtgctttcc
      421 ttctcctgag caagaactca catccgcctc agcctcctcg gcaactccca gcactctcct
      481 accactttaa gaataaatgt tcacctgtat gccaaa
//
