LOCUS       NM_181564               4789 bp    mRNA    linear   ROD 27-JUL-2024
DEFINITION  Mus musculus desmoglein 4 (Dsg4), mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_181564
VERSION     NM_181564.3
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; RefSeq Select.
SOURCE      Mus musculus (house mouse)
  ORGANISM  Mus musculus
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha;
            Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 4789)
  AUTHORS   Godsel,L.M., Roth-Carter,Q.R., Koetsier,J.L., Tsoi,L.C.,
            Huffine,A.L., Broussard,J.A., Fitz,G.N., Lloyd,S.M., Kweon,J.,
            Burks,H.E., Hegazy,M., Amagai,S., Harms,P.W., Xing,X., Kirma,J.,
            Johnson,J.L., Urciuoli,G., Doglio,L.T., Swindell,W.R.,
            Awatramani,R., Sprecher,E., Bao,X., Cohen-Barak,E., Missero,C.,
            Gudjonsson,J.E. and Green,K.J.
  TITLE     Translational implications of Th17-skewed inflammation due to
            genetic deficiency of a cadherin stress sensor
  JOURNAL   J Clin Invest 132 (3) (2022)
   PUBMED   34905516
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 4789)
  AUTHORS   Bazzi,H., Demehri,S., Potter,C.S., Barber,A.G., Awgulewitsch,A.,
            Kopan,R. and Christiano,A.M.
  TITLE     Desmoglein 4 is regulated by transcription factors implicated in
            hair shaft differentiation
  JOURNAL   Differentiation 78 (5), 292-300 (2009)
   PUBMED   19683850
  REMARK    GeneRIF: show that HOXC13, LEF1 and FOXN1 repress DSG4
            transcription and provide in vitro and in vivo evidence correlating
            the Notch pathway with the activation and/or maintenance of DSG4
            expression in the hair follicle.
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 4789)
  AUTHORS   Owens,P., Bazzi,H., Engelking,E., Han,G., Christiano,A.M. and
            Wang,X.J.
  TITLE     Smad4-dependent desmoglein-4 expression contributes to hair
            follicle integrity
  JOURNAL   Dev Biol 322 (1), 156-166 (2008)
   PUBMED   18692037
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Smad4 loss-associated Dsg4 depletion contributed, at least
            in part, to hair follicles degeneration in Smad4 deficient skin.
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 4789)
  AUTHORS   Zhang,M.C., Furukawa,H., Tokunaka,K., Saiga,K., Date,F., Owada,Y.,
            Nose,M. and Ono,M.
  TITLE     Mast cell hyperplasia in the skin of Dsg4-deficient hypotrichosis
            mice, which are long-living mutants of lupus-prone mice
  JOURNAL   Immunogenetics 60 (10), 599-607 (2008)
   PUBMED   18677469
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Mast cell hyperplasia is associated with Dsg4-deficient
            hypotrichosis mice.
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 4789)
  AUTHORS   Bazzi,H., Martinez-Mir,A., Kljuic,A. and Christiano,A.M.
  TITLE     Desmoglein 4 mutations underlie localized autosomal recessive
            hypotrichosis in humans, mice, and rats
  JOURNAL   J Investig Dermatol Symp Proc 10 (3), 222-224 (2005)
   PUBMED   16382669
  REMARK    GeneRIF: The abnormal hair follicles in the mutant mice develop an
            amorphous keratinized bleb at the bulb of the hair follicle.
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 4789)
  AUTHORS   Whittock,N.V.
  TITLE     Genomic sequence analysis of the mouse desmoglein cluster reveals
            evidence for six distinct genes: characterization of mouse DSG4,
            DSG5, and DSG6
  JOURNAL   J Invest Dermatol 120 (6), 970-980 (2003)
   PUBMED   12787123
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Desmogleins 4, 5, and 6 are all expressed in the epidermis
            but are expressed during different times of mouse development.
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 4789)
  AUTHORS   Ciani,L., Patel,A., Allen,N.D. and ffrench-Constant,C.
  TITLE     Mice lacking the giant protocadherin mFAT1 exhibit renal slit
            junction abnormalities and a partially penetrant cyclopia and
            anophthalmia phenotype
  JOURNAL   Mol Cell Biol 23 (10), 3575-3582 (2003)
   PUBMED   12724416
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 4789)
  AUTHORS   Kljuic,A., Bazzi,H., Sundberg,J.P., Martinez-Mir,A.,
            O'Shaughnessy,R., Mahoney,M.G., Levy,M., Montagutelli,X., Ahmad,W.,
            Aita,V.M., Gordon,D., Uitto,J., Whiting,D., Ott,J., Fischer,S.,
            Gilliam,T.C., Jahoda,C.A., Morris,R.J., Panteleyev,A.A.,
            Nguyen,V.T. and Christiano,A.M.
  TITLE     Desmoglein 4 in hair follicle differentiation and epidermal
            adhesion: evidence from inherited hypotrichosis and acquired
            pemphigus vulgaris
  JOURNAL   Cell 113 (2), 249-260 (2003)
   PUBMED   12705872
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 4789)
  AUTHORS   Sundberg,J.P., Boggess,D., Bascom,C., Limberg,B.J., Shultz,L.D.,
            Sundberg,B.A., King,L.E. Jr. and Montagutelli,X.
  TITLE     Lanceolate hair-J (lahJ): a mouse model for human hair disorders
  JOURNAL   Exp Dermatol 9 (3), 206-218 (2000)
   PUBMED   10839719
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 4789)
  AUTHORS   Montagutelli,X., Hogan,M.E., Aubin,G., Lalouette,A., Guenet,J.L.,
            King,L.E. Jr. and Sundberg,J.P.
  TITLE     Lanceolate hair (lah): a recessive mouse mutation with alopecia and
            abnormal hair
  JOURNAL   J Invest Dermatol 107 (1), 20-25 (1996)
   PUBMED   8752833
COMMENT     VALIDATED REFSEQ: This record has undergone validation or
            preliminary review. The reference sequence was derived from
            AC164648.3 and AC102410.5.
            
            On Oct 25, 2022 this sequence version replaced NM_181564.2.
            
            Summary: This gene encodes a member of the cadherin family of
            proteins that forms an integral transmembrane component of
            desmosomes, the multiprotein complexes involved in cell adhesion,
            organization of the cytoskeleton, cell sorting and cell signaling.
            This gene is expressed in the suprabasal epidermis and hair
            follicle. The encoded preproprotein undergoes proteolytic
            processing to generate a mature, functional protein. Certain
            mutations in this gene are responsible for the lanceolate hair
            phenotype in mice. This gene is located in a cluster of desmosomal
            cadherin genes on chromosome 18. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2016].
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: AY191584.1, BC150475.2 [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: mixed sample support SAMN00849377,
                                           SAMN00849378 [ECO:0006172]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            RefSeq Select criteria :: based on single protein-coding transcript
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-180               AC164648.3         3356-3535           c
            181-216             AC102410.5         74729-74764
            217-348             AC102410.5         75296-75427
            349-504             AC102410.5         77687-77842
            505-649             AC102410.5         78151-78295
            650-816             AC102410.5         80220-80386
            817-951             AC102410.5         81411-81545
            952-1137            AC102410.5         83129-83314
            1138-1409           AC102410.5         85272-85543
            1410-1549           AC102410.5         86955-87094
            1550-1768           AC102410.5         89705-89923
            1769-2074           AC102410.5         90850-91155
            2075-2214           AC102410.5         93289-93428
            2215-2278           AC102410.5         93581-93644
            2279-2487           AC102410.5         94947-95155
            2488-4789           AC102410.5         99305-101606
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..4789
                     /organism="Mus musculus"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /strain="C57BL/6"
                     /db_xref="taxon:10090"
                     /chromosome="18"
                     /map="18 11.35 cM"
     gene            1..4789
                     /gene="Dsg4"
                     /gene_synonym="CDHF13; lah"
                     /note="desmoglein 4"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:16769"
                     /db_xref="MGI:MGI:2661061"
     exon            1..180
                     /gene="Dsg4"
                     /gene_synonym="CDHF13; lah"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            181..216
                     /gene="Dsg4"
                     /gene_synonym="CDHF13; lah"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            217..348
                     /gene="Dsg4"
                     /gene_synonym="CDHF13; lah"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            349..504
                     /gene="Dsg4"
                     /gene_synonym="CDHF13; lah"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            505..649
                     /gene="Dsg4"
                     /gene_synonym="CDHF13; lah"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            650..816
                     /gene="Dsg4"
                     /gene_synonym="CDHF13; lah"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            817..951
                     /gene="Dsg4"
                     /gene_synonym="CDHF13; lah"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            952..1137
                     /gene="Dsg4"
                     /gene_synonym="CDHF13; lah"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1138..1409
                     /gene="Dsg4"
                     /gene_synonym="CDHF13; lah"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1410..1549
                     /gene="Dsg4"
                     /gene_synonym="CDHF13; lah"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1550..1768
                     /gene="Dsg4"
                     /gene_synonym="CDHF13; lah"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1769..2074
                     /gene="Dsg4"
                     /gene_synonym="CDHF13; lah"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            2075..2214
                     /gene="Dsg4"
                     /gene_synonym="CDHF13; lah"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            2215..2278
                     /gene="Dsg4"
                     /gene_synonym="CDHF13; lah"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            2279..2487
                     /gene="Dsg4"
                     /gene_synonym="CDHF13; lah"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            2488..4789
                     /gene="Dsg4"
                     /gene_synonym="CDHF13; lah"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      4754..4759
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="Dsg4"
                     /gene_synonym="CDHF13; lah"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     polyA_site      4789
                     /gene="Dsg4"
                     /gene_synonym="CDHF13; lah"
                     /note="major polyA site"
ORIGIN      
        1 acagttatca tccataccct cctgacagga catctcctag tacagcctgc ttcaaggact
       61 aatctgggat ttggaagact gggactagaa cggattctca ctggggttca aggccaagag
      121 agactcgaag caatggactg gcttctcttc agaaatattt gccttctgat cttatttatg
      181 gtggtactgg gagtaaacag tgaatttatc gttgaggtaa aagaattaga cattgaaaat
      241 ggcacaacaa cctggcagac tgtcagaaga caaaagcggg agtggatcaa gtttgcggca
      301 gcctgtcggg agggcgagga caactccaag aggaatccaa ttgccagaat tagatcagac
      361 tgtgaagtaa gccagaggat aacctatcga atctctggag cggggattga tcggccacct
      421 tacggagtgt tcaccatcaa ccctcggact ggagaaatca atattacctc agtggtggac
      481 agagagataa ccccactgtt cctgatccat tgccgagctc tcaactcccg aggagaagac
      541 ttggagagac cactggagct cagagtgaaa gtcatggatg tgaacgacaa ccccccagtc
      601 ttcactcaga atgtgtacac agccaacatt gaagagaaca gcgacgccaa tgcactggtg
      661 gtaaagttaa gtgccacaga tgcagatgaa gacaatcact tgaattctaa aattgcatac
      721 aagatcatct cccaggagcc tgctggtgca cccatgttca tggtgaacag gtacactgga
      781 gaagtccgca cgatgtccaa tttccttgac agagagcaac acagtatgta caatctactg
      841 gtgaggggct cagatcggga tggagccaca gatgggctgt cctctgaatg tgactgcaga
      901 atcaagattt tggatgtcaa tgataatttc cccatcttgg agaagacctc atactcagca
      961 agtattgaag aaaattgttt gagctcagaa ctgatacgac tacaagcaat cgatctggat
     1021 gaagaaggca ctgataactg gttggcacaa tactccatcc tctctggcaa tgatgggaac
     1081 tggtttgaaa tccaaacaga tccaaaaacc aatgaaggca ttttgaaagt ggtcaagatg
     1141 ctggattatg aacaagaacc taacatttac ctcagcattg gagttagaaa ccaagctgag
     1201 tttcaccact cagtagcatc tcaattccaa atgcactcta cccctgtgag aatccaggtt
     1261 gttaacgtgc gggaaggacc gacctttagc ccaagttcca tgacatttag tctacgagga
     1321 ggaatgagag gagcctcctt aatgaactat gtgcttggca catacacagc catagatatg
     1381 gacacaggaa accctgcaac caatgtcagg tatgtcatag ggcatgatgc aggcagctgg
     1441 ttaaaagttg attcaaggac tggtgagata cagttttcta gggaatttga catgaagtca
     1501 aaatatatta cggatgggat atatgcagca cagatcctgg ctatagatga tggctctggg
     1561 agaacagcta caggaaccat atgcattgag attcctgatg ccaacgatta ctgtcccgtc
     1621 atttatgctg aaagcaggag tgtctgcacc catgcttcgt ctgtcaggat ctatgtcaac
     1681 gatcattctt tcgggtctcc ctttaccttt tgtgtagttg atgagtcacc agacatagct
     1741 aatatatggg atatcaggtc catcaatgga acctctgcaa tccttatgac tgagcagact
     1801 ttgtctccag gaccctacca aatccccatc ctcgtgaagg acagtcacaa ccgagcatgt
     1861 gaattgccac agacagtgct gttagatgcc tgcttttgtg atgaccacca tgtgtgcttg
     1921 cactccagta ccacgggcat ctacactgga gacatcacct gggtgactga tgacatgtat
     1981 gggactgtca ctgatgatgg agttaggcag tcaaacgtcg gacttggccc agcagggatt
     2041 ggcatgatta ttttggggct cttgctactg ctcttgtcac cccttttact gctcatgtgt
     2101 tgctgcaagc gaagacagcc agaaggcctg gggacaaggt ttgcccctgt gcctgaggga
     2161 ggcgaaggag tgatgcagcc ctggagaata gagggggctc atccagaaga cagggatgta
     2221 tcaaatattt gtgtacccat gacagcctct aatacccaag atcgcattga ttcatctgaa
     2281 atctacacca atacttacgc tggtggagga acagtggaag ggggcgtgtc aggagtggag
     2341 ctcaatacag gtgttgggac agccacaggc atggtggctg caggagcaac agggacccta
     2401 aggaagagga gttcaactat agggactctt cgggaatacc aagacactgg catgaacatg
     2461 gccttcctgg acagctactt ctccgagaaa gcgtatgcat atgcagatga agatgaaggc
     2521 cgaccagcca atgactgcct gctcatttat gatcacgaag gagctgggtc acccgtgggc
     2581 tccattggct gctgcagttg gattgtggat gacttagacg aaagctacat agagactttg
     2641 gatccaaagt tcaggactct agctgaaatc tgcttggaca cagagattga acccttccct
     2701 tcacaccagg cctgtatacc aatcagcact gacctccctc tgctggggcc taattacttt
     2761 gtcaatgagt cttcaggaat gactctctca gaggctgaat tccaagcaga aatggcagca
     2821 gcctctgaac ccatgattca tggggacatc atagtgactg agacctacac tacttctgac
     2881 ccatgtgtcc aacccacaac gattgtcttt gactctcaga ttccaccaaa cgtagtcgtg
     2941 accgaaaccg taatggcacc tgtctacgat gttcaaggga acatttgtgt gcctgctgag
     3001 atagccaaca cacacaatgt atactatgct gagagagtgg tggctagccc tggtatacct
     3061 gacatgggca acagtaacat tagtgatgca tgtataggac cagtgatgag cggcggtatt
     3121 ttggtagggc cagaaattca agtgacacaa atgatgagcc cagacattca cataagccaa
     3181 accacaggct ccacctcccc aatgacgtct caacaccgag taaccagata cagcaatatg
     3241 cactactccc gacagtaagt tctccatgga gactctgcat tgtaatgccc accaacatcc
     3301 catcaaagac atataatgtg ctgtagtcca cattttaaca ctcagcaaac attcacacat
     3361 tctaagttca acagggctct ttgatgacag ctttgggagg ataaatacga ctacgcactt
     3421 tagataagcc tctttttagt tctttctgtt tctcaataat gggccaaaaa tacaccatag
     3481 agttaaaggt gctgtctacc aagtagcaca ccagtcatgg tgccaatcct gaaagttccc
     3541 aggctgaatc aacaacctgg gaaagatgga gcacaccaaa gttgcaaatg atcttttatc
     3601 tgcatcttct acccatattt ttctttagag aaatattttg attttttttt caatttgggc
     3661 taatgctaca tagtgaaacc ctgtctcaag aaaatagaat caattacttc aggactgcag
     3721 gtgtagccca atggcagtgt ttggccagca tgcctgaagc cctatgctaa atcaccagca
     3781 ccagaaaaaa ataactgaaa caagtgaaat gcaaatttct gaaaggaagg tggcacactt
     3841 gtcagttcat atgaattgta ttttcaaagg atttttcaag acatgcaaca ttaagcatta
     3901 ttatgccact aagcatgcat tgtatgagaa aaagagttgg gggttggcta gagagatagc
     3961 tgggtgtcaa gagtacttac tgctcttgta ggggactcag gttcatttcc tgccatccac
     4021 actgtggctc tcaaccatat gtaactccaa ttctagggga tctgatgccc acttcaagtc
     4081 ctgttgggca ctaagcatga acatggtata tatacataca tgcagtccaa acactcagac
     4141 acataaaata aatttacaag agagagagag aagagggggg agggagagag agaggaggaa
     4201 gggagggaga gagagagaga gagagagagg gagagggaga gggagagaga aagagagaag
     4261 ggatgaagaa agggagagag gaagagagag aaagagaagt ttgttagcta gaaataactt
     4321 acttgagaag atatatatat aaatatatat aattatactt tattgattta tatgaattta
     4381 aaatcacaaa aaagaaacag atcttgggag atgtattagt attttcccta ttgcaaggaa
     4441 ttttttcctt acttttgcta attatgtcaa aaatatgaca tattgtttaa tcagttttct
     4501 tggcctgagt catggaggtt tcacttggcc atcagaagtt tcccagatag acctatatag
     4561 ttattatatt tttaaacaat atttacttgg aaactgagtg tgatgctggg tgagtggaat
     4621 gcaaacagta acacaaattc cctgttttca gtaggcatgt gcctggctca agacacagaa
     4681 actatttaat tctgtaaatt ttgtaaacta ttcagtacaa actgtaatat gactggaaag
     4741 acaatgtaaa tgaaataaat atcttttcag ggctgattcc ttttagaag
//
