LOCUS       NM_021281               1357 bp    mRNA    linear   ROD 09-FEB-2025
DEFINITION  Mus musculus cathepsin S (Ctss), transcript variant 2, mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_021281
VERSION     NM_021281.3
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; RefSeq Select.
SOURCE      Mus musculus (house mouse)
  ORGANISM  Mus musculus
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha;
            Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 1357)
  AUTHORS   Scholand,K.K., Galletti,J., Haap,W., Santos-Ferreira,T., Ullmer,C.
            and de Paiva,C.S.
  TITLE     Inhibition of Cathepsin S in Autoimmune CD25KO Mouse Improves
            Sjogren Disease-Like Lacrimal Gland Pathology
  JOURNAL   Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 65 (8), 26 (2024)
   PUBMED   39017634
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Inhibition of Cathepsin S in Autoimmune CD25KO Mouse
            Improves Sjogren Disease-Like Lacrimal Gland Pathology.
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 1357)
  AUTHORS   Adams,D.J., Barlas,B., McIntyre,R.E., Salguero,I., van der
            Weyden,L., Barros,A., Vicente,J.R., Karimpour,N., Haider,A.,
            Ranzani,M., Turner,G., Thompson,N.A., Harle,V., Olvera-Leon,R.,
            Robles-Espinoza,C.D., Speak,A.O., Geisler,N., Weninger,W.J.,
            Geyer,S.H., Hewinson,J., Karp,N.A., Fu,B., Yang,F., Kozik,Z.,
            Choudhary,J., Yu,L., van Ruiten,M.S., Rowland,B.D., Lelliott,C.J.,
            Del Castillo Velasco-Herrera,M., Verstraten,R., Bruckner,L.,
            Henssen,A.G., Rooimans,M.A., de Lange,J., Mohun,T.J., Arends,M.J.,
            Kentistou,K.A., Coelho,P.A., Zhao,Y., Zecchini,H., Perry,J.R.B.,
            Jackson,S.P. and Balmus,G.
  CONSRTM   Sanger Mouse Genetics Project
  TITLE     Genetic determinants of micronucleus formation in vivo
  JOURNAL   Nature 627 (8002), 130-136 (2024)
   PUBMED   38355793
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 1357)
  AUTHORS   Zhou,Z., Jiang,W.J., Li,L. and Si,J.Q.
  TITLE     Noise exposure increase apoptosis in the hippocampus of AD mice
            through the upregulation of CTSS
  JOURNAL   Biochem Biophys Res Commun 681, 283-290 (2023)
   PUBMED   37801777
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Noise exposure increase apoptosis in the hippocampus of AD
            mice through the upregulation of CTSS.
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 1357)
  AUTHORS   Wan,Y., Piao,L., Xu,S., Meng,X., Huang,Z., Inoue,A., Wang,H.,
            Yue,X., Jin,X., Nan,Y., Shi,G.P., Murohara,T., Umegaki,H.,
            Kuzuya,M. and Cheng,X.W.
  TITLE     Cathepsin S activity controls chronic stress-induced muscle atrophy
            and dysfunction in mice
  JOURNAL   Cell Mol Life Sci 80 (9), 254 (2023)
   PUBMED   37589754
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Cathepsin S activity controls chronic stress-induced
            muscle atrophy and dysfunction in mice.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 1357)
  AUTHORS   Galletti,J.G., Scholand,K.K., Trujillo-Vargas,C.M., Haap,W.,
            Santos-Ferreira,T., Ullmer,C., Yu,Z. and de Paiva,C.S.
  TITLE     Effects of Cathepsin S Inhibition in the Age-Related Dry Eye
            Phenotype
  JOURNAL   Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 64 (11), 7 (2023)
   PUBMED   37540176
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Effects of Cathepsin S Inhibition in the Age-Related Dry
            Eye Phenotype.
            Erratum:[Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2023 Aug 1;64(11):32. doi:
            10.1167/iovs.64.11.32.. PMID: 37639250]
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 1357)
  AUTHORS   Shi,G.P., Villadangos,J.A., Dranoff,G., Small,C., Gu,L.,
            Haley,K.J., Riese,R., Ploegh,H.L. and Chapman,H.A.
  TITLE     Cathepsin S required for normal MHC class II peptide loading and
            germinal center development
  JOURNAL   Immunity 10 (2), 197-206 (1999)
   PUBMED   10072072
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 1357)
  AUTHORS   Saftig,P., Hunziker,E., Wehmeyer,O., Jones,S., Boyde,A.,
            Rommerskirch,W., Moritz,J.D., Schu,P. and von Figura,K.
  TITLE     Impaired osteoclastic bone resorption leads to osteopetrosis in
            cathepsin-K-deficient mice
  JOURNAL   Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 95 (23), 13453-13458 (1998)
   PUBMED   9811821
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 1357)
  AUTHORS   Dandoy-Dron,F., Guillo,F., Benboudjema,L., Deslys,J.P.,
            Lasmezas,C., Dormont,D., Tovey,M.G. and Dron,M.
  TITLE     Gene expression in scrapie. Cloning of a new scrapie-responsive
            gene and the identification of increased levels of seven other mRNA
            transcripts
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 273 (13), 7691-7697 (1998)
   PUBMED   9516475
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 1357)
  AUTHORS   Deussing,J., Roth,W., Rommerskirch,W., Wiederanders,B., von
            Figura,K. and Peters,C.
  TITLE     The genes of the lysosomal cysteine proteinases cathepsin B, H, L,
            and S map to different mouse chromosomes
  JOURNAL   Mamm Genome 8 (4), 241-245 (1997)
   PUBMED   9096102
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 1357)
  AUTHORS   Shi,G.P., Webb,A.C., Foster,K.E., Knoll,J.H., Lemere,C.A.,
            Munger,J.S. and Chapman,H.A.
  TITLE     Human cathepsin S: chromosomal localization, gene structure, and
            tissue distribution
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 269 (15), 11530-11536 (1994)
   PUBMED   8157683
COMMENT     REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The
            reference sequence was derived from AK028366.1 and BB072817.1.
            
            On Jun 5, 2013 this sequence version replaced NM_021281.2.
            
            Summary: This gene encodes a member of the peptidase C1 (papain)
            family of cysteine proteases. Alternative splicing results in
            multiple transcript variants, which encode preproproteins that are
            proteolytically processed to generate mature protein products. This
            enzyme is secreted by antigen-presenting cells during inflammation
            and may induce pain and itch via activation of G-protein coupled
            receptors. Homozygous knockout mice for this gene exhibit impaired
            wound healing, reduced tumorigenesis in a pancreatic cancer model,
            and reduced pathogenesis in a myasthenia gravis model. [provided by
            RefSeq, Aug 2015].
            
            Transcript Variant: This variant (2) uses an alternate in-frame
            splice site in the 5' coding region, compared to variant 1,
            resulting in an isoform (2) that is 1 aa shorter than isoform 1.
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: AK028366.1, AK152191.1 [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: single sample supports all introns
                                           SAMN00849374, SAMN00849375
                                           [ECO:0000348]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            CDS uses downstream in-frame AUG :: upstream AUG and CDS extension
                                                is not conserved
            RefSeq Select criteria           :: based on conservation,
                                                expression
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: complete on the 3' end.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-1352              AK028366.1         3-1354
            1353-1357           BB072817.1         238-242
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..1357
                     /organism="Mus musculus"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /strain="C57BL/6"
                     /db_xref="taxon:10090"
                     /chromosome="3"
                     /map="3 40.74 cM"
     gene            1..1357
                     /gene="Ctss"
                     /gene_synonym="Cats"
                     /note="cathepsin S"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:13040"
                     /db_xref="MGI:MGI:107341"
     exon            1..140
                     /gene="Ctss"
                     /gene_synonym="Cats"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             115..1137
                     /gene="Ctss"
                     /gene_synonym="Cats"
                     /EC_number="3.4.22.27"
                     /note="isoform 2 preproprotein is encoded by transcript
                     variant 2; Cat S"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="cathepsin S isoform 2 preproprotein"
                     /protein_id="NP_067256.4"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS50992.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:13040"
                     /db_xref="MGI:MGI:107341"
                     /translation="MRAPGHAAIRWLFWMPLVCSVAMEQLQRDPTLDYHWDLWKKTHE
                     KEYKDKNEEEVRRLIWEKNLKFIMIHNLEYSMGMHTYQVGMNDMGDMTNEEILCRMGA
                     LRIPRQSPKTVTFRSYSNRTLPDTVDWREKGCVTEVKYQGSCGACWAFSAVGALEGQL
                     KLKTGKLISLSAQNLVDCSNEEKYGNKGCGGGYMTEAFQYIIDNGGIEADASYPYKAT
                     DEKCHYNSKNRAATCSRYIQLPFGDEDALKEAVATKGPVSVGIDASHSSFFFYKSGVY
                     DDPSCTGNVNHGVLVVGYGTLDGKDYWLVKNSWGLNFGDQGYIRMARNNKNHCGIASY
                     CSYPEI"
     exon            141..264
                     /gene="Ctss"
                     /gene_synonym="Cats"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            265..387
                     /gene="Ctss"
                     /gene_synonym="Cats"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            388..537
                     /gene="Ctss"
                     /gene_synonym="Cats"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            538..768
                     /gene="Ctss"
                     /gene_synonym="Cats"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            769..934
                     /gene="Ctss"
                     /gene_synonym="Cats"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            935..1037
                     /gene="Ctss"
                     /gene_synonym="Cats"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1038..1357
                     /gene="Ctss"
                     /gene_synonym="Cats"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      1331..1336
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="Ctss"
                     /gene_synonym="Cats"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     polyA_site      1355
                     /gene="Ctss"
                     /gene_synonym="Cats"
                     /note="major polyA site"
ORIGIN      
        1 ttcctcattg tggatgcttc atgtgacaag ctccgatttc tttttagagt catttcaagc
       61 agcctcctgc tgccagggac atctttggag tgagcaccac acttcaggat gaccatgagg
      121 gctcctggcc acgctgccat aagatggctg ttttggatgc ccctggtgtg ctctgtggca
      181 atggagcaac tgcagagaga ccctaccctg gactaccatt gggatctctg gaagaaaacc
      241 catgagaaag aatacaagga taagaatgaa gaagaagtac ggcgtctcat ctgggaaaag
      301 aatctgaagt ttataatgat tcacaatctc gaatattcta tgggaatgca tacctaccaa
      361 gtgggcatga acgatatggg agacatgacc aatgaagaaa tcttgtgtcg gatgggtgct
      421 ctgagaattc cccgacagtc tccgaagact gtcactttca ggtcatactc taatcggaca
      481 ttgcctgaca ctgtggactg gagagagaag ggctgcgtca ctgaggtgaa ataccagggt
      541 tcttgtggtg cctgctgggc tttcagtgct gtgggggccc ttgaagggca gctgaagctg
      601 aaaacgggga agctgatatc cctcagtgct cagaacctgg tggactgctc aaatgaagaa
      661 aagtatggga ataaaggctg tggaggcggc tacatgaccg aagctttcca gtacatcatt
      721 gataatgggg gcatagaggc agacgcttcc tatccctaca aagccacgga tgaaaagtgt
      781 cactataact caaaaaatcg agctgccacg tgttcaaggt acattcagct cccgtttggt
      841 gacgaggatg ccctgaaaga agcagtggcc actaaagggc ctgtctctgt gggcatcgac
      901 gccagccatt cctccttctt cttctacaaa agcggtgtct atgacgaccc ctcctgtacg
      961 ggcaatgtga atcatggtgt tcttgtggtt ggctatggga ctcttgatgg caaagattac
     1021 tggcttgtga aaaacagttg gggccttaac tttggtgatc aaggatacat tcggatggca
     1081 agaaataata aaaatcactg cggaattgct agttattgct cttacccaga aatctaaacc
     1141 atttcttctt tttctaacaa gtcacaaaga tggaatatac tctaacttaa tttgcctgca
     1201 atatccagag gaaccaagtg tgtcgtgatc aatgtgtagt tactgtacta actaggttat
     1261 agctattttt acaccctgtt gtctagtgtt ttctaataac catttgtaac atgatagccc
     1321 caaagtgctt aataaaatct gtcatttcaa atatcta
//
