LOCUS       NM_173386               4090 bp    mRNA    linear   ROD 28-JAN-2025
DEFINITION  Mus musculus cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (Cgas), transcript variant 1,
            mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_173386
VERSION     NM_173386.5
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; RefSeq Select.
SOURCE      Mus musculus (house mouse)
  ORGANISM  Mus musculus
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha;
            Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 4090)
  AUTHORS   Danielson,M., Nicolai,C.J., Vo,T.T., Wolf,N.K. and Burke,T.P.
  TITLE     Cytosolic bacterial pathogens activate TLR pathways in tumors that
            synergistically enhance STING agonist cancer therapies
  JOURNAL   iScience 27 (12), 111385 (2024)
   PUBMED   39669426
  REMARK    Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 4090)
  AUTHORS   Liang,X., Liu,H., Hu,H., Ha,E., Zhou,J., Abedini,A.,
            Sanchez-Navarro,A., Klotzer,K.A. and Susztak,K.
  TITLE     TET2 germline variants promote kidney disease by impairing DNA
            repair and activating cytosolic nucleotide sensors
  JOURNAL   Nat Commun 15 (1), 9621 (2024)
   PUBMED   39511169
  REMARK    Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 4090)
  AUTHORS   Li,H., Liu,C., Li,R., Zhou,L., Ran,Y., Yang,Q., Huang,H., Lu,H.,
            Song,H., Yang,B., Ru,H., Lin,S. and Zhang,L.
  TITLE     AARS1 and AARS2 sense L-lactate to regulate cGAS as global lysine
            lactyltransferases
  JOURNAL   Nature 634 (8036), 1229-1237 (2024)
   PUBMED   39322678
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 4090)
  AUTHORS   Ablasser,A., Schmid-Burgk,J.L., Hemmerling,I., Horvath,G.L.,
            Schmidt,T., Latz,E. and Hornung,V.
  TITLE     Cell intrinsic immunity spreads to bystander cells via the
            intercellular transfer of cGAMP
  JOURNAL   Nature 503 (7477), 530-534 (2013)
   PUBMED   24077100
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 4090)
  AUTHORS   Li,X.D., Wu,J., Gao,D., Wang,H., Sun,L. and Chen,Z.J.
  TITLE     Pivotal roles of cGAS-cGAMP signaling in antiviral defense and
            immune adjuvant effects
  JOURNAL   Science 341 (6152), 1390-1394 (2013)
   PUBMED   23989956
  REMARK    GeneRIF: this study shows that cells from cGAS-deficient
            (cGas(-/-)) mice, including fibroblasts, macrophages, and dendritic
            cells, failed to produce type I interferons and other cytokines in
            response to DNA transfection or DNA virus infection.
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 4090)
  AUTHORS   Gao,D., Wu,J., Wu,Y.T., Du,F., Aroh,C., Yan,N., Sun,L. and
            Chen,Z.J.
  TITLE     Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase is an innate immune sensor of HIV and other
            retroviruses
  JOURNAL   Science 341 (6148), 903-906 (2013)
   PUBMED   23929945
  REMARK    GeneRIF: These results indicate that cGAS is an innate immune
            sensor of HIV and other retroviruses.
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 4090)
  AUTHORS   Ablasser,A., Goldeck,M., Cavlar,T., Deimling,T., Witte,G., Rohl,I.,
            Hopfner,K.P., Ludwig,J. and Hornung,V.
  TITLE     cGAS produces a 2'-5'-linked cyclic dinucleotide second messenger
            that activates STING
  JOURNAL   Nature 498 (7454), 380-384 (2013)
   PUBMED   23722158
  REMARK    GeneRIF: cGAS first catalyses the synthesis of a linear
            2'-5'-linked dinucleotide, which is then subject to cGAS-dependent
            cyclization in a second step through a 3'-5' phosphodiester
            linkage; this ring structure defines a novel class of second
            messenger molecules
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 4090)
  AUTHORS   Diner,E.J., Burdette,D.L., Wilson,S.C., Monroe,K.M.,
            Kellenberger,C.A., Hyodo,M., Hayakawa,Y., Hammond,M.C. and
            Vance,R.E.
  TITLE     The innate immune DNA sensor cGAS produces a noncanonical cyclic
            dinucleotide that activates human STING
  JOURNAL   Cell Rep 3 (5), 1355-1361 (2013)
   PUBMED   23707065
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 4090)
  AUTHORS   Gao,P., Ascano,M., Wu,Y., Barchet,W., Gaffney,B.L., Zillinger,T.,
            Serganov,A.A., Liu,Y., Jones,R.A., Hartmann,G., Tuschl,T. and
            Patel,D.J.
  TITLE     Cyclic [G(2',5')pA(3',5')p] is the metazoan second messenger
            produced by DNA-activated cyclic GMP-AMP synthase
  JOURNAL   Cell 153 (5), 1094-1107 (2013)
   PUBMED   23647843
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Study shows that, upon dsDNA binding, cGAS is activated
            through conformational transitions, resulting in formation of a
            catalytically competent and accessible nucleotide-binding pocket
            for generation of c[G(2',5')pA(3',5')p].
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 4090)
  AUTHORS   Sun,L., Wu,J., Du,F., Chen,X. and Chen,Z.J.
  TITLE     Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase is a cytosolic DNA sensor that activates
            the type I interferon pathway
  JOURNAL   Science 339 (6121), 786-791 (2013)
   PUBMED   23258413
  REMARK    GeneRIF: These results indicate that cGAS is a cytosolic DNA sensor
            that induces interferons by producing the second messenger cGAMP.
COMMENT     REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The
            reference sequence was derived from AK030292.1, AK054330.1 and
            AC158987.3.
            
            On Jul 31, 2014 this sequence version replaced NM_173386.4.
            
            Summary: The protein encoded by this gene is a DNA binding
            cytosolic protein that catalyzes the synthesis of cyclic guanosine
            monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate (cGAMP) after sensing the
            presence of DNA in the cytoplasm. cGAMP binds another protein,
            Stimulator of interferon genes (STING), leading to the induction of
            interferons, and a host immune response. Reduced expression of this
            gene inhibits interferon induction in the presence of some viral
            infections. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript
            variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2014].
            
            Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the functional
            protein.
            
            Sequence Note: This RefSeq record was created from transcript and
            genomic sequence data to make the sequence consistent with the
            reference genome assembly. The genomic coordinates used for the
            transcript record were based on transcript alignments.
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: BC052196.1, AK054330.1 [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: single sample supports all introns
                                           SAMN01164131, SAMN01164132
                                           [ECO:0000348]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            RefSeq Select criteria :: based on single protein-coding transcript
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: complete on the 3' end.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-1181              AK030292.1         2-1182
            1182-2382           AK054330.1         1116-2316
            2383-4090           AC158987.3         70097-71804         c
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..4090
                     /organism="Mus musculus"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /strain="C57BL/6"
                     /db_xref="taxon:10090"
                     /chromosome="9"
                     /map="9 43.65 cM"
     gene            1..4090
                     /gene="Cgas"
                     /gene_synonym="E330016A19Rik; Mb21d1"
                     /note="cyclic GMP-AMP synthase"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:214763"
                     /db_xref="MGI:MGI:2442261"
     exon            1..774
                     /gene="Cgas"
                     /gene_synonym="E330016A19Rik; Mb21d1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            775..994
                     /gene="Cgas"
                     /gene_synonym="E330016A19Rik; Mb21d1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            995..1237
                     /gene="Cgas"
                     /gene_synonym="E330016A19Rik; Mb21d1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1238..1340
                     /gene="Cgas"
                     /gene_synonym="E330016A19Rik; Mb21d1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1341..4090
                     /gene="Cgas"
                     /gene_synonym="E330016A19Rik; Mb21d1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      4062..4067
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="Cgas"
                     /gene_synonym="E330016A19Rik; Mb21d1"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     regulatory      4066..4071
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="Cgas"
                     /gene_synonym="E330016A19Rik; Mb21d1"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAG"
     polyA_site      4082
                     /gene="Cgas"
                     /gene_synonym="E330016A19Rik; Mb21d1"
                     /note="major polyA site"
     polyA_site      4090
                     /gene="Cgas"
                     /gene_synonym="E330016A19Rik; Mb21d1"
                     /note="major polyA site"
ORIGIN      
        1 gacttcacgc gtgctcctgc gcctgctcgc ggcggatact gaccggctac gttcccgcca
       61 tatatttaag tttcatttcc agcggccact gagagttccc cttttcgcgg cctttcttcg
      121 aagtcgattt attctttccc ggaccgaaga gcggcagata tggaagatcc gcgtagaagg
      181 acgacggcgc cacgcgctaa gaagccgtcc gcgaagcgcg ccccgacgca gcccagcagg
      241 accagggccc acgcggaaag ctgcggcccg caaagggggg ctcgatcgcg gcgggcggag
      301 cgtgacgggg acaccacgga gaagccacgt gccccagggc cccgagtgca tccagcaagg
      361 gccactgagc tcaccaaaga tgcacagccc tcggccatgg acgcggcagg agccaccgcg
      421 cggcctgccg tccgggtgcc ccagcagcag gccatcctgg atccggagct gcccgccgta
      481 cgggagcccc agccgcccgc ggatcccgag gcgcggaaag tcgtaagggg acctagccac
      541 agaaggggcg cgcgctccac cgggcagccc agagcgccgc gagggtccag gaaggaaccg
      601 gacaagctaa agaaggtgct ggacaaattg agattgaaac gcaaagatat ctcggaggcg
      661 gccgagacgg tgaataaagt tgtggaacgc ctgctgcgca gaatgcagaa acgggagtcg
      721 gagttcaaag gtgtggagca gctgaacact ggcagctact atgaacatgt gaagatttct
      781 gctcctaatg aatttgatgt tatgtttaaa ctggaagtcc ccaggattga gctacaagaa
      841 tattatgaaa caggtgcttt ctatcttgtg aaattcaaaa gaattccacg aggaaatccg
      901 ctgagtcatt tcttagaagg ggaagtatta tcagctacca agatgctgtc aaagtttagg
      961 aaaatcatta aagaagaagt taaagaaatc aaagatatag atgtcagtgt ggagaaggaa
     1021 aaaccaggaa gccctgctgt aacacttctt atcaggaacc ctgaagaaat ctctgtggat
     1081 ataattctgg ctttggagtc aaaaggcagc tggcctatta gtaccaaaga aggactacct
     1141 attcaaggct ggctgggcac aaaagtgagg accaatctaa gacgagagcc gttttatctc
     1201 gtacccaaga atgcaaagga tggaaatagt tttcaaggag agacctggcg cctctctttc
     1261 tctcacactg aaaagtacat tttgaataat cacgggatag agaaaacatg ctgtgaatct
     1321 tccggagcaa aatgctgcag aaaagaatgt ttaaaattaa tgaaatacct tttggaacag
     1381 ttgaaaaaag agtttcaaga gctggatgca ttctgttcct accatgtgaa aactgccatc
     1441 tttcacatgt ggacccagga cccgcaggac agtcagtggg accccaggaa cctcagctcc
     1501 tgcttcgata agttgttagc attctttctt gagtgcctca ggacagagaa actggatcat
     1561 tattttattc caaagttcaa tctattctct caagaactaa ttgaccgaaa aagtaaagaa
     1621 tttctatcga agaaaattga atatgaaaga aataatgggt ttccaatttt tgacaagctt
     1681 tgaaactgta tttgtgttat atgttataat gtgtgtctgt ggggttttag gtcagatgtc
     1741 gattgatgcc aggcgtcttc ttcagtcata cttcactttt gggggtggtg ggaagagtgg
     1801 tgatttcaag acatggtttc tgtgtagtcc tggctgtctt gtaactccct ctgtagacca
     1861 ggctggtctt gaacaaagag atctgcctgc ttctgccatt ggaatgcagg gattaaaggc
     1921 ctatgccacc attaggtggc acacttcact tttttgagct cagggaggtg tccgggctga
     1981 ttagccagtg aactcctggg attcagctgc ctctgctgcc ccaactctgg gatgacagat
     2041 ggacatcacc tattcagctt ttacattgtt gctagcggtc tcaactcaag tcctcacgct
     2101 tgcaaagcaa gtactatagt gactgagcca tcttcccagc ctgacattgc cttctgaaat
     2161 caaattgggt taaagtgatg taagtcactt gcctgtagtt tcagtacttg agaacttttc
     2221 tttgtttggg ttttactgct atgaacagac accatgacca aggcaacttt tataagggcc
     2281 agcatttcat tgaggctggt ttataggttc ggagatttag tctgttgtca tcatagcagg
     2341 aagcgtggca gcatccagga gggcagagca ctggagaagt agctgagagt tctacatctt
     2401 catccaaagg aagcgggtag cagactgcca cccacatggc caagaggaga gtcttaaaag
     2461 cccacctcta tggcggtgac acacttcctc caacagtgtt acacctactc cgataaagcc
     2521 actcgtcctc gtagtgccac accctgcgcg gagcatattc aaaccaccat ggaagtggag
     2581 gcagaaaaat agtccagtgt ggttcttagc tatattttta gttcaggcat agcctgaggt
     2641 acacgaaacc tgcttaaaac aaagttcaat cgttaacagc acttattgct cttccggagg
     2701 gcctgggttg gttcccagca tccagtggca ggcacaactg taactctggt tccagggaat
     2761 ctagtttgac cacgacacac acacacacac actgacacta ttttttaaga gcacaaaaag
     2821 aaaatgaaat tataatctga ccccataata tgataagtgt gctagcactt cattataatc
     2881 ctggcacttg agaagctgag atgtgacggt tgccatgaat gcaaggccag cctgggatat
     2941 aaaatacaat cttgtttaaa aaaacaaaac aaaacaccaa gagccaaaag ccgtccctag
     3001 gagtcactgt gaatccctat gagtttggcc tgggtctgct cacctgtcct gactcaaaag
     3061 ggtacatttt ctttttctat ttttcctctt taggattgtc agaatttacg gaggattttt
     3121 ttttggtatg ttgtgcttct tgacgctctc atgaaatctg cccccctccc caactccttg
     3181 acacacaccc catatggcta gtgtgtctat taaatggctg atgttctctt tgagtacaaa
     3241 ataagaaccc ccaaaatgtg aataaaataa ttcaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa aaaaaagctg
     3301 ggcagcatgc ctttaatccc agcacttggg aggcagaggc aggaggattt ctgagttcga
     3361 ggccaccctg gtctacaaag tgagttccag gacagccaga gctacacaca gaaaccctgt
     3421 ctcgaaaaga aaaaaaaaaa ttcagatgtt catagcactg actaaaatgg atataattat
     3481 ttaatactca gtttctcata attcactcac acataaagag tataacaaaa atgaaatact
     3541 aaagataaaa acaaaaacct tgccgtatta gaaagggaaa acaaataaaa actttcccca
     3601 gtgagactca ttaagagctt aatgagtata ctcacctagt agaatccgca gaaggttgtg
     3661 agagattgta ttggaaatag ttgatttaga atttgttcaa acacaagaaa tgcactgccg
     3721 cctcctctgt cctaaggtag aagggaggat tgtgtactcc gtcagctctc cctcaggtac
     3781 tttatcatgt gtgcaggagc atgtaattta tttttatctt tattctatac gtgtttttac
     3841 aaaagcaatg atacagcgca gcgagatggg tgtgggacag aggatactct cgtctgcatc
     3901 caagcagcgt tccccagggg cagctgatgc tcatttcctc tttttgagta ctttgttgca
     3961 tgggttgttg caggagcctt ttccagtggt ctgtagctgt tccctgtgta acaaataatg
     4021 tctgccatgt atgttgtctt cactttttaa aagtatctct caataaataa gatttaaatg
     4081 ttttaatgta
//
