LOCUS       NM_029943               1876 bp    mRNA    linear   ROD 13-JUN-2024
DEFINITION  Mus musculus apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 2 (Apex2), mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_029943
VERSION     NM_029943.3
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; RefSeq Select.
SOURCE      Mus musculus (house mouse)
  ORGANISM  Mus musculus
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha;
            Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 1876)
  AUTHORS   Adams,D.J., Barlas,B., McIntyre,R.E., Salguero,I., van der
            Weyden,L., Barros,A., Vicente,J.R., Karimpour,N., Haider,A.,
            Ranzani,M., Turner,G., Thompson,N.A., Harle,V., Olvera-Leon,R.,
            Robles-Espinoza,C.D., Speak,A.O., Geisler,N., Weninger,W.J.,
            Geyer,S.H., Hewinson,J., Karp,N.A., Fu,B., Yang,F., Kozik,Z.,
            Choudhary,J., Yu,L., van Ruiten,M.S., Rowland,B.D., Lelliott,C.J.,
            Del Castillo Velasco-Herrera,M., Verstraten,R., Bruckner,L.,
            Henssen,A.G., Rooimans,M.A., de Lange,J., Mohun,T.J., Arends,M.J.,
            Kentistou,K.A., Coelho,P.A., Zhao,Y., Zecchini,H., Perry,J.R.B.,
            Jackson,S.P. and Balmus,G.
  CONSRTM   Sanger Mouse Genetics Project
  TITLE     Genetic determinants of micronucleus formation in vivo
  JOURNAL   Nature 627 (8002), 130-136 (2024)
   PUBMED   38355793
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 1876)
  AUTHORS   Schrader,C.E., Williams,T., Pechhold,K., Linehan,E.K.,
            Tsuchimoto,D. and Nakabeppu,Y.
  TITLE     APE2 Promotes AID-Dependent Somatic Hypermutation in Primary B Cell
            Cultures That Is Suppressed by APE1
  JOURNAL   J Immunol 210 (11), 1804-1814 (2023)
   PUBMED   37074207
  REMARK    GeneRIF: APE2 Promotes AID-Dependent Somatic Hypermutation in
            Primary B Cell Cultures That Is Suppressed by APE1.
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 1876)
  AUTHORS   Hobson,B.D., Choi,S.J., Mosharov,E.V., Soni,R.K., Sulzer,D. and
            Sims,P.A.
  TITLE     Subcellular proteomics of dopamine neurons in the mouse brain
  JOURNAL   Elife 11, e70921 (2022)
   PUBMED   35098924
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Subcellular proteomics of dopamine neurons in the mouse
            brain.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 1876)
  AUTHORS   Yui,N., Yoshioka,H., Fujiya,H., Musha,H., Beppu,M., Karasawa,R. and
            Yudoh,K.
  TITLE     The DNA repair enzyme apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease (Apex
            nuclease) 2 has the potential to protect against down-regulation of
            chondrocyte activity in osteoarthritis
  JOURNAL   Int J Mol Sci 15 (9), 14921-14934 (2014)
   PUBMED   25158232
  REMARK    GeneRIF: expression of Apex 2 in chondrocytes appears to be
            associated with the degeneration of articular cartilage in
            osteoarthritis.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 1876)
  AUTHORS   Guikema,J.E., Linehan,E.K., Esa,N., Tsuchimoto,D., Nakabeppu,Y.,
            Woodland,R.T. and Schrader,C.E.
  TITLE     Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 2 regulates the expansion of
            germinal centers by protecting against activation-induced cytidine
            deaminase-independent DNA damage in B cells
  JOURNAL   J Immunol 193 (2), 931-939 (2014)
   PUBMED   24935922
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Results indicate a role for apurinic/apyrimidinic
            endonuclease (APE) 2 (Apex2) in the protection of germinal center
            (GC) cells from activation-induced cytidine deaminase
            (AID)-independent damage.
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 1876)
  AUTHORS   Sabouri,Z., Okazaki,I.M., Shinkura,R., Begum,N., Nagaoka,H.,
            Tsuchimoto,D., Nakabeppu,Y. and Honjo,T.
  TITLE     Apex2 is required for efficient somatic hypermutation but not for
            class switch recombination of immunoglobulin genes
  JOURNAL   Int Immunol 21 (8), 947-955 (2009)
   PUBMED   19556307
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Apex2 is required for efficient somatic hypermutation of
            immunoglobulin genes.
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 1876)
  AUTHORS   Dan,Y., Ohta,Y., Tsuchimoto,D., Ohno,M., Ide,Y., Sami,M., Kanda,T.,
            Sakumi,K. and Nakabeppu,Y.
  TITLE     Altered gene expression profiles and higher frequency of
            spontaneous DNA strand breaks in APEX2-null thymus
  JOURNAL   DNA Repair (Amst) 7 (9), 1437-1454 (2008)
   PUBMED   18585982
  REMARK    GeneRIF: The present study clearly demonstrates that APEX2-null
            lymphocytes have a higher frequency of DNA breaks, indicating that
            APEX2 may play an important role(s) during their generation and/or
            repair.
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 1876)
  AUTHORS   Guikema,J.E., Linehan,E.K., Tsuchimoto,D., Nakabeppu,Y.,
            Strauss,P.R., Stavnezer,J. and Schrader,C.E.
  TITLE     APE1- and APE2-dependent DNA breaks in immunoglobulin class switch
            recombination
  JOURNAL   J Exp Med 204 (12), 3017-3026 (2007)
   PUBMED   18025127
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Both APE1 and APE2 function in antibody switch
            recomibination, resulting in double stranded breaks necesary for
            this recombination.
            Erratum:[J Exp Med. 2007 Dec 24;204(13):3295]
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 1876)
  AUTHORS   Ide,Y., Tsuchimoto,D., Tominaga,Y., Nakashima,M., Watanabe,T.,
            Sakumi,K., Ohno,M. and Nakabeppu,Y.
  TITLE     Growth retardation and dyslymphopoiesis accompanied by G2/M arrest
            in APEX2-null mice
  JOURNAL   Blood 104 (13), 4097-4103 (2004)
   PUBMED   15319281
  REMARK    GeneRIF: APEX2 is required for proper cell cycle progression of
            proliferating lymphocytes.
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 1876)
  AUTHORS   Ide,Y., Tsuchimoto,D., Tominaga,Y., Iwamoto,Y. and Nakabeppu,Y.
  TITLE     Characterization of the genomic structure and expression of the
            mouse Apex2 gene
  JOURNAL   Genomics 81 (1), 47-57 (2003)
   PUBMED   12573260
  REMARK    GeneRIF: may participate in postreplicative base excision repair
COMMENT     VALIDATED REFSEQ: This record has undergone validation or
            preliminary review. The reference sequence was derived from
            AL672150.19.
            
            On Sep 30, 2022 this sequence version replaced NM_029943.2.
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: AB072498.1, BC078633.1 [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: single sample supports all introns
                                           SAMN00849381, SAMN01164135
                                           [ECO:0000348]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            gene product(s) localized to mito. :: reported by MitoCarta
            RefSeq Select criteria             :: based on conservation,
                                                  expression
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: complete on the 3' end.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-218               AL672150.19        38460-38677         c
            219-302             AL672150.19        37580-37663         c
            303-483             AL672150.19        36402-36582         c
            484-630             AL672150.19        35738-35884         c
            631-700             AL672150.19        35002-35071         c
            701-1876            AL672150.19        22044-23219         c
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..1876
                     /organism="Mus musculus"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /strain="C57BL/6"
                     /db_xref="taxon:10090"
                     /chromosome="X"
                     /map="X 68.46 cM"
     gene            1..1876
                     /gene="Apex2"
                     /gene_synonym="ape2; C430040P13Rik"
                     /note="apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 2"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:77622"
                     /db_xref="MGI:MGI:1924872"
     exon            1..218
                     /gene="Apex2"
                     /gene_synonym="ape2; C430040P13Rik"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             65..1615
                     /gene="Apex2"
                     /gene_synonym="ape2; C430040P13Rik"
                     /EC_number="3.1.11.2"
                     /note="DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) lyase 2; AP
                     endonuclease 2; APEX nuclease 2"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) endonuclease
                     2"
                     /protein_id="NP_084219.1"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS30463.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:77622"
                     /db_xref="MGI:MGI:1924872"
                     /translation="MLRVVSWNINGIRSPLQGLACQEPSSCPTALRRVLDELDADIVC
                     LQETKVTRDVLTEPLAIVEGYNSYFSFSRSRSGYSGVATFCKDSATPVAAEEGLSGVF
                     ATLNGDIGCYGNMDEFTQEELRVLDSEGRALLTQHKIRTLEGKEKTLTLINVYCPHAD
                     PGKPERLTFKMRFYRLLQMRAEALLAAGSHVIILGDLNTAHRPIDHCDASSLECFEED
                     PGRKWMDGLLSNPGDEAGPHIGLFMDSYRYLHPKQQRAFTCWSVVSGARHLNYGSRLD
                     YVLGDRALVIDTFQASFLLPEVMGSDHCPVGAVLNVSCVPAKQCPALCTRFLPEFAGT
                     QLKILRFLVPLEQEPVREQQVLQPSHQIQAQRQPRKAFMHSTRLRKSQGGPKRKQKNL
                     MSYFQPSSSLSQTSGVELPTLPLVGPLTTPKTAEEVATATMLEEKNKVPESKDEKGER
                     TAFWKSMLSGPSPMPLCGGHREPCVMRTVKKTGPNFGRQFYMCARPRGPPSDPSSRCN
                     FFLWSRPS"
     exon            219..302
                     /gene="Apex2"
                     /gene_synonym="ape2; C430040P13Rik"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            303..483
                     /gene="Apex2"
                     /gene_synonym="ape2; C430040P13Rik"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            484..630
                     /gene="Apex2"
                     /gene_synonym="ape2; C430040P13Rik"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            631..700
                     /gene="Apex2"
                     /gene_synonym="ape2; C430040P13Rik"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            701..1876
                     /gene="Apex2"
                     /gene_synonym="ape2; C430040P13Rik"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      1850..1855
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="Apex2"
                     /gene_synonym="ape2; C430040P13Rik"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     polyA_site      1876
                     /gene="Apex2"
                     /gene_synonym="ape2; C430040P13Rik"
                     /note="major polyA site"
ORIGIN      
        1 acttccgggc agcaatgcat ttgcccgcct aagcttcctt tgggaaactg taccgtttac
       61 caaaatgctg cgcgtggtaa gctggaacat caatgggatc cggagtcccc tgcaaggcct
      121 tgcatgccag gaacccagca gctgtcccac ggccttgcga cgcgttttgg acgagctgga
      181 tgctgatatt gtctgtctcc aggagaccaa agtgaccaga gatgtactga cagagcccct
      241 ggctattgtt gagggttata actcctattt cagcttcagc cgcagccgta gtggctattc
      301 tggtgtggct accttctgta aggacagtgc taccccagta gctgctgaag aaggcctgag
      361 tggtgtgttt gccaccctga atggagatat tggttgctat ggaaacatgg atgagttcac
      421 gcaagaggaa ctccgggttc tggatagtga gggccgggcc ctccttacac agcacaagat
      481 ccgcacattg gaagggaagg agaagacttt gaccctgatc aatgtgtact gccctcacgc
      541 ggatcctggg aagcctgagc ggctgacctt caagatgcgc ttctatcgcc tgctccagat
      601 gcgagcagaa gcgctcctgg cagctggcag tcacgtgata atcctggggg acctgaatac
      661 agcccaccga cccattgacc actgcgatgc aagtagtctg gaatgctttg aagaggaccc
      721 agggcgtaag tggatggatg gcttgctcag taacccaggg gatgaggctg gaccccacat
      781 agggctcttc atggatagct accgctactt gcatccaaaa cagcagaggg ctttcacctg
      841 ctggtcagtg gtcagtggtg cacgccatct caactatggc tctagacttg actatgtact
      901 gggagatagg gccttggtca tagatacctt ccaggcctcc ttcttactcc ctgaagtgat
      961 gggctctgac cactgccctg tgggagctgt cttaaatgta tcctgtgtgc cagcaaaaca
     1021 gtgcccagct ctgtgtaccc gcttcctccc cgagtttgca ggtacccagc tcaagattct
     1081 tcgcttccta gttcctcttg agcaagaacc tgtgcgggaa cagcaagtcc tgcagcccag
     1141 ccatcaaatc caggcacaga gacagccaag aaaagccttc atgcattcaa ccaggcttcg
     1201 gaaaagtcaa ggtggcccca aaagaaaaca gaaaaacctg atgagttact tccagccttc
     1261 ctccagcctt tcccaaactt ctggtgtgga gctgcctacc ctgcctctgg tgggccctct
     1321 tacaacccca aagactgcag aagaggtggc aacagccaca atgctagaag agaagaacaa
     1381 ggttccagag tccaaagatg agaagggaga aaggactgcc ttctggaagt ctatgctgag
     1441 tgggccctca cccatgcccc tctgtggagg ccacagggag ccatgtgtga tgcgtactgt
     1501 gaaaaaaaca ggacccaact ttggtcgcca gttctacatg tgtgctagac cccgaggtcc
     1561 tcccagtgac ccctcttccc gctgtaactt cttcctctgg agcaggccca gctgaacaga
     1621 ctgaggcata gggatgtctt cgtgttcacc ccgtgcacgg ggtcagatgc caggtccctg
     1681 cctatgaagg cttctttttg ttctctgctt tccctccact ccttcccttc tccccctagt
     1741 gcctctcccc tttcacatct ctgtttcttc ctctttgcac atggaggagc agggaactaa
     1801 tttaatcccc ttcaaccctt gttagggcat aaataacatt ttgttcataa ataaaggtca
     1861 cgtctttgtt tcagta
//
