LOCUS       NM_012255               3408 bp    mRNA    linear   PRI 01-AUG-2024
DEFINITION  Homo sapiens 5'-3' exoribonuclease 2 (XRN2), transcript variant 2,
            mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_012255
VERSION     NM_012255.5
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; MANE Select.
SOURCE      Homo sapiens (human)
  ORGANISM  Homo sapiens
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
            Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 3408)
  AUTHORS   Reiss,M., Keegan,J., Aldrich,A., Lyons,S.M. and Flynn,R.L.
  TITLE     The exoribonuclease XRN2 mediates degradation of the long
            non-coding telomeric RNA TERRA
  JOURNAL   FEBS Lett 597 (14), 1818-1836 (2023)
   PUBMED   37191774
  REMARK    GeneRIF: The exoribonuclease XRN2 mediates degradation of the long
            non-coding telomeric RNA TERRA.
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 3408)
  AUTHORS   Pieraccioli,M., Caggiano,C., Mignini,L., Zhong,C., Babini,G.,
            Lattanzio,R., Di Stasi,S., Tian,B., Sette,C. and Bielli,P.
  TITLE     The transcriptional terminator XRN2 and the RNA-binding protein
            Sam68 link alternative polyadenylation to cell cycle progression in
            prostate cancer
  JOURNAL   Nat Struct Mol Biol 29 (11), 1101-1112 (2022)
   PUBMED   36344846
  REMARK    GeneRIF: The transcriptional terminator XRN2 and the RNA-binding
            protein Sam68 link alternative polyadenylation to cell cycle
            progression in prostate cancer.
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 3408)
  AUTHORS   Dang,T.T., Lerner,M., Saunders,D., Smith,N., Gulej,R., Zalles,M.,
            Towner,R.A. and Morales,J.C.
  TITLE     XRN2 Is Required for Cell Motility and Invasion in Glioblastomas
  JOURNAL   Cells 11 (9), 1481 (2022)
   PUBMED   35563787
  REMARK    GeneRIF: XRN2 Is Required for Cell Motility and Invasion in
            Glioblastomas.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 3408)
  AUTHORS   Kim,M., Park,J., Bouhaddou,M., Kim,K., Rojc,A., Modak,M.,
            Soucheray,M., McGregor,M.J., O'Leary,P., Wolf,D., Stevenson,E.,
            Foo,T.K., Mitchell,D., Herrington,K.A., Munoz,D.P., Tutuncuoglu,B.,
            Chen,K.H., Zheng,F., Kreisberg,J.F., Diolaiti,M.E., Gordan,J.D.,
            Coppe,J.P., Swaney,D.L., Xia,B., van 't Veer,L., Ashworth,A.,
            Ideker,T. and Krogan,N.J.
  TITLE     A protein interaction landscape of breast cancer
  JOURNAL   Science 374 (6563), eabf3066 (2021)
   PUBMED   34591612
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 3408)
  AUTHORS   West,S., Gromak,N. and Proudfoot,N.J.
  TITLE     Human 5' --> 3' exonuclease Xrn2 promotes transcription termination
            at co-transcriptional cleavage sites
  JOURNAL   Nature 432 (7016), 522-525 (2004)
   PUBMED   15565158
  REMARK    GeneRIF: co-transcriptional cleavage acts as a precursor to
            termination by presenting a free RNA 5' end that is recognized by
            the human 5' --> 3' exonuclease Xrn2
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 3408)
  AUTHORS   Lehner,B. and Sanderson,C.M.
  TITLE     A protein interaction framework for human mRNA degradation
  JOURNAL   Genome Res 14 (7), 1315-1323 (2004)
   PUBMED   15231747
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 3408)
  AUTHORS   Lejeune,F., Li,X. and Maquat,L.E.
  TITLE     Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay in mammalian cells involves decapping,
            deadenylating, and exonucleolytic activities
  JOURNAL   Mol Cell 12 (3), 675-687 (2003)
   PUBMED   14527413
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 3408)
  AUTHORS   Scherl,A., Coute,Y., Deon,C., Calle,A., Kindbeiter,K.,
            Sanchez,J.C., Greco,A., Hochstrasser,D. and Diaz,J.J.
  TITLE     Functional proteomic analysis of human nucleolus
  JOURNAL   Mol Biol Cell 13 (11), 4100-4109 (2002)
   PUBMED   12429849
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 3408)
  AUTHORS   Deloukas,P., Matthews,L.H., Ashurst,J., Burton,J., Gilbert,J.G.,
            Jones,M., Stavrides,G., Almeida,J.P., Babbage,A.K., Bagguley,C.L.,
            Bailey,J., Barlow,K.F., Bates,K.N., Beard,L.M., Beare,D.M.,
            Beasley,O.P., Bird,C.P., Blakey,S.E., Bridgeman,A.M., Brown,A.J.,
            Buck,D., Burrill,W., Butler,A.P., Carder,C., Carter,N.P.,
            Chapman,J.C., Clamp,M., Clark,G., Clark,L.N., Clark,S.Y.,
            Clee,C.M., Clegg,S., Cobley,V.E., Collier,R.E., Connor,R.,
            Corby,N.R., Coulson,A., Coville,G.J., Deadman,R., Dhami,P.,
            Dunn,M., Ellington,A.G., Frankland,J.A., Fraser,A., French,L.,
            Garner,P., Grafham,D.V., Griffiths,C., Griffiths,M.N., Gwilliam,R.,
            Hall,R.E., Hammond,S., Harley,J.L., Heath,P.D., Ho,S., Holden,J.L.,
            Howden,P.J., Huckle,E., Hunt,A.R., Hunt,S.E., Jekosch,K.,
            Johnson,C.M., Johnson,D., Kay,M.P., Kimberley,A.M., King,A.,
            Knights,A., Laird,G.K., Lawlor,S., Lehvaslaiho,M.H., Leversha,M.,
            Lloyd,C., Lloyd,D.M., Lovell,J.D., Marsh,V.L., Martin,S.L.,
            McConnachie,L.J., McLay,K., McMurray,A.A., Milne,S., Mistry,D.,
            Moore,M.J., Mullikin,J.C., Nickerson,T., Oliver,K., Parker,A.,
            Patel,R., Pearce,T.A., Peck,A.I., Phillimore,B.J.,
            Prathalingam,S.R., Plumb,R.W., Ramsay,H., Rice,C.M., Ross,M.T.,
            Scott,C.E., Sehra,H.K., Shownkeen,R., Sims,S., Skuce,C.D.,
            Smith,M.L., Soderlund,C., Steward,C.A., Sulston,J.E., Swann,M.,
            Sycamore,N., Taylor,R., Tee,L., Thomas,D.W., Thorpe,A., Tracey,A.,
            Tromans,A.C., Vaudin,M., Wall,M., Wallis,J.M., Whitehead,S.L.,
            Whittaker,P., Willey,D.L., Williams,L., Williams,S.A., Wilming,L.,
            Wray,P.W., Hubbard,T., Durbin,R.M., Bentley,D.R., Beck,S. and
            Rogers,J.
  TITLE     The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 20
  JOURNAL   Nature 414 (6866), 865-871 (2001)
   PUBMED   11780052
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 3408)
  AUTHORS   Zhang,M., Yu,L., Xin,Y., Hu,P., Fu,Q., Yu,C. and Zhao,S.
  TITLE     Cloning and mapping of the XRN2 gene to human chromosome
            20p11.1-p11.2
  JOURNAL   Genomics 59 (2), 252-254 (1999)
   PUBMED   10409438
COMMENT     REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The
            reference sequence was derived from BC142960.1, AL136841.1 and
            AF152169.1.
            
            On Nov 23, 2018 this sequence version replaced NM_012255.4.
            
            Summary: This gene encodes a 5'-3' exonuclease that promotes
            transcription termination at cotranscriptional cleavage sites.
            Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants
            encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2015].
            
            Transcript Variant: This variant (2) contains an alternate 5'
            terminal exon, resulting in a distinct 5' UTR and the use of an
            alternate start codon, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform
            (2) has a distinct N-terminus , and is shorter, compared to isoform
            1.
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: AF152169.1, AK001573.1 [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: single sample supports all introns
                                           SAMEA1965299, SAMEA1966682
                                           [ECO:0000348]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            MANE Ensembl match     :: ENST00000377191.5/ ENSP00000366396.3
            RefSeq Select criteria :: based on conservation, expression
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: full length.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-27                BC142960.1         48-74
            28-2988             AL136841.1         1-2961
            2989-3279           AF152169.1         2939-3229
            3280-3408           AF152169.1         3232-3360
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..3408
                     /organism="Homo sapiens"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:9606"
                     /chromosome="20"
                     /map="20p11.22"
     gene            1..3408
                     /gene="XRN2"
                     /note="5'-3' exoribonuclease 2"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:22803"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:12836"
                     /db_xref="MIM:608851"
     exon            1..143
                     /gene="XRN2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             69..2921
                     /gene="XRN2"
                     /EC_number="3.1.13.-"
                     /note="isoform 2 is encoded by transcript variant 2; DHP
                     protein; DHM1-like protein"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="5'-3' exoribonuclease 2 isoform 2"
                     /protein_id="NP_036387.2"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS13144.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:22803"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:12836"
                     /db_xref="MIM:608851"
                     /translation="MGVPAFFRWLSRKYPSIIVNCVEEKPKECNGVKIPVDASKPNPN
                     DVEFDNLYLDMNGIIHPCTHPEDKPAPKNEDEMMVAIFEYIDRLFSIVRPRRLLYMAI
                     DGVAPRAKMNQQRSRRFRASKEGMEAAVEKQRVREEILAKGGFLPPEEIKERFDSNCI
                     TPGTEFMDNLAKCLRYYIADRLNNDPGWKNLTVILSDASAPGEGEHKIMDYIRRQRAQ
                     PNHDPNTHHCLCGADADLIMLGLATHEPNFTIIREEFKPNKPKPCGLCNQFGHEVKDC
                     EGLPREKKGKHDELADSLPCAEGEFIFLRLNVLREYLERELTMASLPFTFDVERSIDD
                     WVFMCFFVGNDFLPHLPSLEIRENAIDRLVNIYKNVVHKTGGYLTESGYVNLQRVQMI
                     MLAVGEVEDSIFKKRKDDEDSFRRRQKEKRKRMKRDQPAFTPSGILTPHALGSRNSPG
                     SQVASNPRQAAYEMRMQNNSSPSISPNTSFTSDGSPSPLGGIKRKAEDSDSEPEPEDN
                     VRLWEAGWKQRYYKNKFDVDAADEKFRRKVVQSYVEGLCWVLRYYYQGCASWKWYYPF
                     HYAPFASDFEGIADMPSDFEKGTKPFKPLEQLMGVFPAASGNFLPPSWRKLMSDPDSS
                     IIDFYPEDFAIDLNGKKYAWQGVALLPFVDERRLRAALEEVYPDLTPEETRRNSLGGD
                     VLFVGKHHPLHDFILELYQTGSTEPVEVPPELCHGIQGKFSLDEEAILPDQIVCSPVP
                     MLRDLTQNTVVSINFKDPQFAEDYIFKAVMLPGARKPAAVLKPSDWEKSSNGRQWKPQ
                     LGFNRDRRPVHLDQAAFRTLGHVMPRGSGTGIYSNAAPPPVTYQGNLYRPLLRGQAQI
                     PKLMSNMRPQDSWRGPPPLFQQQRFDRGVGAEPLLPWNRMLQTQNAAFQPNQYQMLAG
                     PGGYPPRRDDRGGRQGYPREGRKYPLPPPSGRYNWN"
     exon            144..271
                     /gene="XRN2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            272..383
                     /gene="XRN2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            384..495
                     /gene="XRN2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            496..554
                     /gene="XRN2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            555..644
                     /gene="XRN2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            645..717
                     /gene="XRN2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            718..768
                     /gene="XRN2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            769..926
                     /gene="XRN2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            927..1001
                     /gene="XRN2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1002..1135
                     /gene="XRN2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1136..1193
                     /gene="XRN2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1194..1301
                     /gene="XRN2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1302..1346
                     /gene="XRN2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1347..1478
                     /gene="XRN2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1479..1597
                     /gene="XRN2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1598..1733
                     /gene="XRN2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1734..1841
                     /gene="XRN2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1842..1931
                     /gene="XRN2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1932..2004
                     /gene="XRN2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            2005..2088
                     /gene="XRN2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            2089..2186
                     /gene="XRN2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            2187..2266
                     /gene="XRN2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            2267..2323
                     /gene="XRN2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            2324..2392
                     /gene="XRN2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            2393..2524
                     /gene="XRN2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            2525..2652
                     /gene="XRN2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            2653..2716
                     /gene="XRN2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            2717..2855
                     /gene="XRN2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            2856..3408
                     /gene="XRN2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      3385..3390
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="XRN2"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     polyA_site      3408
                     /gene="XRN2"
                     /note="major polyA site"
ORIGIN      
        1 gccgctgctc ccgtctcttt ggttacgctc gtcagccggt cggccgccgc ctccagccgt
       61 gtgccgctat gggagtcccg gcgttcttcc gctggctcag ccgcaagtac ccgtccatca
      121 tagtcaactg cgtggaagag aagccaaaag aatgcaatgg tgtaaagatt ccagttgatg
      181 ccagtaaacc taatccaaat gatgtggagt ttgataatct gtatttggat atgaatggaa
      241 tcatccatcc ctgtactcat cctgaagaca aaccagcacc aaaaaatgaa gatgaaatga
      301 tggttgcaat ttttgagtac attgacagac ttttcagtat tgtaagacca agaagacttc
      361 tctacatggc aatagatgga gtggcaccac gtgctaaaat gaaccagcag cgttcaagga
      421 ggttcagggc atcaaaagaa ggaatggaag cagcagtcga gaagcagcga gtcagggaag
      481 aaatattggc aaaaggtggc tttcttcctc cagaagaaat aaaagaaaga tttgacagca
      541 actgtattac accaggaact gaattcatgg acaatcttgc taaatgcctt cgctattaca
      601 tagctgatcg tttaaataat gaccctgggt ggaaaaattt gacagttatt ttatctgatg
      661 ctagtgctcc tggtgaagga gaacataaaa tcatggatta cattagaagg caaagagccc
      721 agcctaacca tgacccaaat actcatcatt gtttatgtgg agcagatgct gatctcatta
      781 tgcttggcct tgccacacat gaaccgaact ttaccattat tagagaagaa ttcaaaccaa
      841 acaagcccaa accatgtggt ctttgtaatc agtttggaca tgaggtcaaa gattgtgaag
      901 gtttgccaag agaaaagaag ggaaagcatg atgaacttgc cgatagtctt ccttgtgcag
      961 aaggagagtt tatcttcctt cggcttaatg ttcttcgtga gtatttggaa agagaactca
     1021 caatggccag cctaccattc acatttgatg ttgagaggag cattgatgac tgggttttca
     1081 tgtgcttctt tgtgggaaat gacttcctcc ctcatttgcc atcgttagag attagggaaa
     1141 atgcaattga ccgtttggtt aacatataca aaaatgtggt acacaaaact gggggttacc
     1201 ttacagaaag tggttatgtc aatctgcaaa gagtacagat gatcatgtta gcagttggtg
     1261 aagttgagga tagcattttt aaaaagagaa aggatgatga ggacagtttt agaagacgac
     1321 agaaagaaaa aagaaagaga atgaagagag atcaaccagc tttcactcct agtggaatat
     1381 taactcctca tgccttgggt tcaagaaatt caccaggttc tcaagtagcc agtaatccga
     1441 gacaagcagc ctatgaaatg aggatgcaga ataactctag tccttcgata tctcctaata
     1501 cgagtttcac atctgatggc tccccgtctc cattaggagg aattaagcga aaagcagaag
     1561 acagtgacag tgaacctgag ccagaggata atgtcaggtt atgggaagct ggctggaagc
     1621 agcggtacta caagaacaaa tttgatgtgg atgcagctga tgagaaattc cgtcggaaag
     1681 ttgtgcagtc gtacgttgaa ggactttgct gggttcttag atattattac cagggctgtg
     1741 cttcctggaa gtggtattat ccatttcatt atgcaccatt tgcttcagac tttgaaggca
     1801 ttgcagacat gccatctgat tttgagaagg gtacgaaacc gtttaaacca ctagaacaac
     1861 ttatgggggt atttccagct gcaagtggta attttctacc tccatcatgg cggaagctca
     1921 tgagtgatcc tgattctagt ataattgact tctatcctga agattttgct attgatttga
     1981 atgggaagaa atatgcatgg caaggtgttg ctctcttgcc attcgtggat gagcgaaggc
     2041 tacgagctgc cctagaagag gtatacccag acctcactcc agaagagacc agaagaaaca
     2101 gccttggagg tgatgtctta tttgtgggga aacatcaccc actccatgac ttcattttag
     2161 agctgtacca gacaggttcc acagagccag tggaggtacc ccctgaacta tgtcatggga
     2221 ttcaaggaaa gttttctttg gatgaagaag ccattcttcc agatcaaata gtatgttctc
     2281 ctgttcctat gttaagggat ctgacacaga acactgtagt cagtattaat tttaaagacc
     2341 cacagtttgc tgaagattac atttttaaag ctgtaatgct tccaggagca agaaagccag
     2401 cagcagtact gaaacctagt gactgggaaa aatccagcaa tggacggcag tggaagcctc
     2461 agcttggctt taaccgtgac cggaggcctg tgcacctgga tcaggcagcc ttcaggactt
     2521 tgggccatgt gatgccaaga ggctcaggaa ctggcattta cagcaatgct gcaccaccac
     2581 ctgtgactta ccagggaaac ttatacaggc cgcttttgag aggacaagcc cagattccaa
     2641 aacttatgtc aaatatgagg ccccaggatt cctggcgagg tcctcctccc cttttccagc
     2701 agcaaaggtt tgacagaggc gttggggctg aacctctgct cccatggaac cggatgctgc
     2761 aaacccagaa tgcagccttc cagccaaacc agtaccagat gctagctggg cctggtgggt
     2821 atccacccag acgagatgat cgtggaggga gacagggata tcccagagaa ggaaggaaat
     2881 accctttgcc accaccctca ggaagataca attggaatta agcttttgta aagctttccc
     2941 aaatcctttc atcattctac agttttatgc tatttgtgga aagatttctt tctcaagtag
     3001 tagtttttaa taaaactaca gtactttgtg tatttctttt aactgtgtat atttctactg
     3061 atctgatctc actgtttatg ttgctttcca aagatgtatg ttgcataata cagtggatct
     3121 gaatttatta ttgcttataa aacacatttg atggaatagg agtactggtt tttcataatg
     3181 gttaaaaatg aaaccagctg tggatttcaa aacacagtgt attctagatc atctaagatc
     3241 catgctgatt tttattgcac aagaattagg tttgaactcg agctggaacc tcagcaaact
     3301 agagtatata ttgttcagta tttctttgga aacatttcat taatgtactt gtcttacaga
     3361 aatttctgaa ctttagtaaa aaaaaataaa gttaaacttt taaaactc
//
