LOCUS       NM_003381               1580 bp    mRNA    linear   PRI 18-NOV-2024
DEFINITION  Homo sapiens vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), transcript
            variant 1, mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_003381
VERSION     NM_003381.4
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; MANE Select.
SOURCE      Homo sapiens (human)
  ORGANISM  Homo sapiens
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
            Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 1580)
  AUTHORS   Bdeir,R., Al-Keilani,M.S. and Khamaiseh,K.
  TITLE     Effects of the Neuropeptides Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase Activating
            Polypeptide and Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide in Male Fertility
  JOURNAL   Medicina (Kaunas) 60 (4), 652 (2024)
   PUBMED   38674298
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Effects of the Neuropeptides Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase
            Activating Polypeptide and Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide in Male
            Fertility.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 1580)
  AUTHORS   Ivanov,E., Akhmetshina,M., Erdiakov,A. and Gavrilova,S.
  TITLE     Sympathetic System in Wound Healing: Multistage Control in Normal
            and Diabetic Skin
  JOURNAL   Int J Mol Sci 24 (3), 2045 (2023)
   PUBMED   36768369
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Sympathetic System in Wound Healing: Multistage Control in
            Normal and Diabetic Skin.
            Review article
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 1580)
  AUTHORS   Piper,S.J., Deganutti,G., Lu,J., Zhao,P., Liang,Y.L., Lu,Y.,
            Fletcher,M.M., Hossain,M.A., Christopoulos,A., Reynolds,C.A.,
            Danev,R., Sexton,P.M. and Wootten,D.
  TITLE     Understanding VPAC receptor family peptide binding and selectivity
  JOURNAL   Nat Commun 13 (1), 7013 (2022)
   PUBMED   36385145
  REMARK    Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 1580)
  AUTHORS   Zhu,J., Wang,Y., Li,J., Das,P.K., Zhang,H., Passang,T., Li,J.M.,
            Nagy,T., Gandhi,K., Ravindranathan,S., Giver,C.R., Hassan,M.,
            Li,Y., Antonova,A.U., Wang,S., Roback,J.D. and Waller,E.K.
  TITLE     Donor plasmacytoid dendritic cells limit graft-versus-host disease
            through vasoactive intestinal polypeptide expression
  JOURNAL   Blood 140 (12), 1431-1447 (2022)
   PUBMED   35443019
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Donor plasmacytoid dendritic cells limit graft-versus-host
            disease through vasoactive intestinal polypeptide expression.
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 1580)
  AUTHORS   Villanueva-Romero,R., Cabrera-Martin,A., Alvarez-Corrales,E.,
            Carrion,M., Perez-Garcia,S., Lamana,A., Castro-Vazquez,D.,
            Martinez,C., Gomariz,R.P., Gutierrez-Canas,I. and Juarranz,Y.
  TITLE     Human CD4+CD45RA+ T Cells Behavior after In Vitro Activation:
            Modulatory Role of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide
  JOURNAL   Int J Mol Sci 23 (4), 2346 (2022)
   PUBMED   35216459
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Human CD4(+)CD45RA(+) T Cells Behavior after In Vitro
            Activation: Modulatory Role of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 1580)
  AUTHORS   El Karim,I.A., Linden,G.J., Orr,D.F. and Lundy,F.T.
  TITLE     Antimicrobial activity of neuropeptides against a range of
            micro-organisms from skin, oral, respiratory and gastrointestinal
            tract sites
  JOURNAL   J Neuroimmunol 200 (1-2), 11-16 (2008)
   PUBMED   18603306
  REMARK    GeneRIF: The antimicrobial peptide, VIP is a neuropeptide with
            activity against a range of microorganisms from skin, oral,
            respiratory and gastrointestinal tract sites.
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 1580)
  AUTHORS   Kitamura,K., Kangawa,K., Kawamoto,M., Ichiki,Y., Matsuo,H. and
            Eto,T.
  TITLE     Isolation and characterization of peptides which act on rat
            platelets, from a pheochromocytoma
  JOURNAL   Biochem Biophys Res Commun 185 (1), 134-141 (1992)
   PUBMED   1318039
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 1580)
  AUTHORS   Theriault,Y., Boulanger,Y. and St-Pierre,S.
  TITLE     Structural determination of the vasoactive intestinal peptide by
            two-dimensional H-NMR spectroscopy
  JOURNAL   Biopolymers 31 (4), 459-464 (1991)
   PUBMED   1863695
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 1580)
  AUTHORS   Yamagami,T., Ohsawa,K., Nishizawa,M., Inoue,C., Gotoh,E.,
            Yanaihara,N., Yamamoto,H. and Okamoto,H.
  TITLE     Complete nucleotide sequence of human vasoactive intestinal
            peptide/PHM-27 gene and its inducible promoter
  JOURNAL   Ann N Y Acad Sci 527, 87-102 (1988)
   PUBMED   2839091
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 1580)
  AUTHORS   Gozes,I., Giladi,E. and Shani,Y.
  TITLE     Vasoactive intestinal peptide gene: putative mechanism of
            information storage at the RNA level
  JOURNAL   J Neurochem 48 (4), 1136-1141 (1987)
   PUBMED   2434617
COMMENT     REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The
            reference sequence was derived from DA914915.1, BC009794.1 and
            BM971673.1.
            
            On Nov 22, 2018 this sequence version replaced NM_003381.3.
            
            Summary: The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the glucagon
            family. It stimulates myocardial contractility, causes
            vasodilation, increases glycogenolysis, lowers arterial blood
            pressure and relaxes the smooth muscle of trachea, stomach and gall
            bladder. The protein also acts as an antimicrobial peptide with
            antibacterial and antifungal activity. Alternative splicing occurs
            at this locus and two transcript variants encoding distinct
            isoforms have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2014].
            
            Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the longer isoform
            (1).
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: SRR3476690.1164794.1,
                                           SRR3476690.226655.1 [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: single sample supports all introns
                                           SAMEA1966682, SAMEA1968540
                                           [ECO:0000348]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            MANE Ensembl match                 :: ENST00000367244.8/
                                                  ENSP00000356213.3
            Protein has antimicrobial activity :: PMID: 18603306
            RefSeq Select criteria             :: based on conservation,
                                                  expression, longest protein
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: full length.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-538               DA914915.1         1-538
            539-1460            BC009794.1         541-1462
            1461-1580           BM971673.1         22-141              c
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..1580
                     /organism="Homo sapiens"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:9606"
                     /chromosome="6"
                     /map="6q25.2"
     gene            1..1580
                     /gene="VIP"
                     /gene_synonym="PHM27"
                     /note="vasoactive intestinal peptide"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:7432"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:12693"
                     /db_xref="MIM:192320"
     exon            1..163
                     /gene="VIP"
                     /gene_synonym="PHM27"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            164..280
                     /gene="VIP"
                     /gene_synonym="PHM27"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             174..686
                     /gene="VIP"
                     /gene_synonym="PHM27"
                     /note="isoform 1 preproprotein is encoded by transcript
                     variant 1; VIP peptides; prepro-VIP"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="VIP peptides isoform 1 preproprotein"
                     /protein_id="NP_003372.1"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS5240.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:7432"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:12693"
                     /db_xref="MIM:192320"
                     /translation="MDTRNKAQLLVLLTLLSVLFSQTSAWPLYRAPSALRLGDRIPFE
                     GANEPDQVSLKEDIDMLQNALAENDTPYYDVSRNARHADGVFTSDFSKLLGQLSAKKY
                     LESLMGKRVSSNISEDPVPVKRHSDAVFTDNYTRLRKQMAVKKYLNSILNGKRSSEGE
                     SPDFPEELEK"
     exon            281..403
                     /gene="VIP"
                     /gene_synonym="PHM27"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            404..508
                     /gene="VIP"
                     /gene_synonym="PHM27"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            509..640
                     /gene="VIP"
                     /gene_synonym="PHM27"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            641..729
                     /gene="VIP"
                     /gene_synonym="PHM27"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            730..1580
                     /gene="VIP"
                     /gene_synonym="PHM27"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      1434..1439
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="VIP"
                     /gene_synonym="PHM27"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     polyA_site      1463
                     /gene="VIP"
                     /gene_synonym="PHM27"
                     /note="major polyA site"
     regulatory      1529..1534
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="VIP"
                     /gene_synonym="PHM27"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAT"
     polyA_site      1548
                     /gene="VIP"
                     /gene_synonym="PHM27"
     regulatory      1556..1561
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="VIP"
                     /gene_synonym="PHM27"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     polyA_site      1580
                     /gene="VIP"
                     /gene_synonym="PHM27"
                     /note="major polyA site"
ORIGIN      
        1 agggtagagt gagaagcacc agcaggcagt aacagccaac ccttagccat tgctaagggc
       61 agagaactgg tggagccttt ctcttactcc caggacttca gcacctaaga cagctccaaa
      121 acaaaccaga acagtcagct ccgggggagc acgactgggc gagaggcaca gaaatggaca
      181 ccagaaataa ggcccagctc cttgtgctcc tgactcttct cagtgtgctc ttctcacaga
      241 cttcggcatg gcctctttac agggcacctt ctgctctcag gttgggtgac agaataccct
      301 ttgagggagc aaatgaacct gatcaagttt cattaaaaga agacattgac atgttgcaaa
      361 atgcattagc tgaaaatgac acaccctatt atgatgtatc cagaaatgcc aggcatgctg
      421 atggagtttt caccagtgac ttcagtaaac tcttgggtca actttctgcc aaaaagtacc
      481 ttgagtctct tatgggaaaa cgtgttagca gtaacatctc agaagaccct gtaccagtca
      541 aacgtcactc agatgcagtc ttcactgaca actatacccg ccttagaaaa caaatggctg
      601 taaagaaata tttgaactca attctgaatg gaaagaggag cagtgaggga gaatctcccg
      661 actttccaga agagttagaa aaatgatgaa aaagaccttt ggagcaaagc tgatgacaac
      721 ttcccagtga attcttgaag gaaaatgata cgcaacataa ttaaattttg agttctacat
      781 aagtaattca agaaaacaac ttcaatatcc aaaccaaata aaaatattgt gttgtgaatg
      841 ttgtgatgta ttctagctaa tgtaataact gtgaagttta cattgtaaat agtatttgag
      901 agttctaaat tttgtcttta actcataaaa agcctgcaat ttcatatgct gtatatcctt
      961 tctaacaaaa aaatatattt aatgataagt aaatgctagg ttaattccaa ttatatgaga
     1021 cgtttttgga agagtagtaa tagagcaaaa ttgatgtgtt tatttataga gtgtacttaa
     1081 ctattcagga gagtagaaca gataatcagt gtgtctaaat ttgaatgtta agcagatgga
     1141 atgctgtgtt aaataaacct caaaatgtct aagatagtaa caatgaagat aaaaagacat
     1201 tcttccaaaa agattttcag aaaatattat gtgtttccat attttatagg caacctttat
     1261 ttttaatggt gttttaaaaa atctcaaatt tggattgcta atcaccaaag gctctctcct
     1321 gatagtcttt cagttaagga gaacgacccc tgcttctgac actgaaactt ccctttctgc
     1381 ttgtgttaag tatgtgtaaa atgtgaagtg aatgaaacac tcagttgttc aataataaat
     1441 atttttgcca taatgactca gaatattgct ttggtcatat gagcttcctt ctgtgaaagt
     1501 acatttggag acacaactat ttttccaaaa taattttaag aaatcaaaga gagaaaataa
     1561 agaccttgct tatgattgca
//
