LOCUS       NM_001256530            1116 bp    mRNA    linear   PRI 03-APR-2024
DEFINITION  Homo sapiens translocator protein (TSPO), transcript variant 3,
            mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_001256530
VERSION     NM_001256530.1
KEYWORDS    RefSeq.
SOURCE      Homo sapiens (human)
  ORGANISM  Homo sapiens
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
            Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 1116)
  AUTHORS   Zhang,M., Qian,X.H., Hu,J., Zhang,Y., Lin,X., Hai,W., Shi,K.,
            Jiang,X., Li,Y., Tang,H.D. and Li,B.
  TITLE     Integrating TSPO PET imaging and transcriptomics to unveil the role
            of neuroinflammation and amyloid-beta deposition in Alzheimer's
            disease
  JOURNAL   Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 51 (2), 455-467 (2024)
   PUBMED   37801139
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Integrating TSPO PET imaging and transcriptomics to unveil
            the role of neuroinflammation and amyloid-beta deposition in
            Alzheimer's disease.
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 1116)
  AUTHORS   Blum,N., Mirian,C., Maier,A.D., Mathiesen,T.I., Vilhardt,F. and
            Haslund-Vinding,J.L.
  TITLE     Translocator protein (TSPO) expression in neoplastic cells and
            tumor-associated macrophages in meningiomas
  JOURNAL   J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 82 (12), 1020-1032 (2023)
   PUBMED   37952221
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Translocator protein (TSPO) expression in neoplastic cells
            and tumor-associated macrophages in meningiomas.
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 1116)
  AUTHORS   Peyronneau,M.A., Kuhnast,B., Nguyen,D.L., Jego,B., Sayet,G.,
            Caille,F., Lavisse,S., Gervais,P., Stankoff,B., Sarazin,M.,
            Remy,P., Bouilleret,V., Leroy,C. and Bottlaender,M.
  TITLE     [18F]DPA-714: Effect of co-medications, age, sex, BMI and TSPO
            polymorphism on the human plasma input function
  JOURNAL   Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 50 (11), 3251-3264 (2023)
   PUBMED   37291448
  REMARK    GeneRIF: [[18]F]DPA-714: Effect of co-medications, age, sex, BMI
            and TSPO polymorphism on the human plasma input function.
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 1116)
  AUTHORS   Garland,E.F., Dennett,O., Lau,L.C., Chatelet,D.S., Bottlaender,M.,
            Nicoll,J.A.R. and Boche,D.
  TITLE     The mitochondrial protein TSPO in Alzheimer's disease: relation to
            the severity of AD pathology and the neuroinflammatory environment
  JOURNAL   J Neuroinflammation 20 (1), 186 (2023)
   PUBMED   37580767
  REMARK    GeneRIF: The mitochondrial protein TSPO in Alzheimer's disease:
            relation to the severity of AD pathology and the neuroinflammatory
            environment.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 1116)
  AUTHORS   Conti,E., Grana,D., Angiulli,F., Karantzoulis,A., Villa,C.,
            Combi,R., Appollonio,I., Ferrarese,C. and Tremolizzo,L.
  CONSRTM   ImmunAD-Brianza Network
  TITLE     TSPO Modulates Oligomeric Amyloid-beta-Induced Monocyte Chemotaxis:
            Relevance for Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's Disease
  JOURNAL   J Alzheimers Dis 95 (2), 549-559 (2023)
   PUBMED   37574731
  REMARK    GeneRIF: TSPO Modulates Oligomeric Amyloid-beta-Induced Monocyte
            Chemotaxis: Relevance for Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's Disease.
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 1116)
  AUTHORS   Yakovlev,A.G., Ruffo,M., Jurka,J. and Krueger,K.E.
  TITLE     Comparison of repetitive elements in the third intron of human and
            rodent mitochondrial benzodiazepine receptor-encoding genes
  JOURNAL   Gene 155 (2), 201-205 (1995)
   PUBMED   7721091
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 1116)
  AUTHORS   Chang,Y.J., McCabe,R.T., Rennert,H., Budarf,M.L., Sayegh,R.,
            Emanuel,B.S., Skolnick,P. and Strauss,J.F. 3rd.
  TITLE     The human 'peripheral-type' benzodiazepine receptor: regional
            mapping of the gene and characterization of the receptor expressed
            from cDNA
  JOURNAL   DNA Cell Biol 11 (6), 471-480 (1992)
   PUBMED   1326278
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 1116)
  AUTHORS   Riond,J., Mattei,M.G., Kaghad,M., Dumont,X., Guillemot,J.C., Le
            Fur,G., Caput,D. and Ferrara,P.
  TITLE     Molecular cloning and chromosomal localization of a human
            peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor
  JOURNAL   Eur J Biochem 195 (2), 305-311 (1991)
   PUBMED   1847678
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 1116)
  AUTHORS   Awad,M. and Gavish,M.
  TITLE     Peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptors in human cerebral cortex,
            kidney, and colon
  JOURNAL   Life Sci 49 (16), 1155-1161 (1991)
   PUBMED   1654492
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 1116)
  AUTHORS   Sieghart,W., Eichinger,A., Riederer,P. and Jellinger,K.
  TITLE     Comparison of benzodiazepine receptor binding in membranes from
            human or rat brain
  JOURNAL   Neuropharmacology 24 (8), 751-759 (1985)
   PUBMED   3018615
COMMENT     REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The
            reference sequence was derived from BG750685.1, AF075590.1 and
            BC001110.2.
            
            Summary: Present mainly in the mitochondrial compartment of
            peripheral tissues, the protein encoded by this gene interacts with
            some benzodiazepines and has different affinities than its
            endogenous counterpart. The protein is a key factor in the flow of
            cholesterol into mitochondria to permit the initiation of steroid
            hormone synthesis. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have
            been reported; one of the variants lacks an internal exon and is
            considered non-coding, and the other variants encode the same
            protein. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2012].
            
            Transcript Variant: This variant (3) differs in the 5' UTR,
            compared to variant PBR. Variants PBR, 3 and 4 encode the same
            protein.
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: SRR1163658.79259.1, BI857520.1
                                           [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: single sample supports all introns
                                           SAMEA1965299, SAMEA1968540
                                           [ECO:0000348]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-423               BG750685.1         2-424
            424-1044            AF075590.1         32-652
            1045-1116           BC001110.2         800-871
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..1116
                     /organism="Homo sapiens"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:9606"
                     /chromosome="22"
                     /map="22q13.2"
     gene            1..1116
                     /gene="TSPO"
                     /gene_synonym="BPBS; BZRP; DBI; IBP; MBR; mDRC; PBR; PBS;
                     pk18; PKBS; PTBR; TSPO1"
                     /note="translocator protein"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:706"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:1158"
                     /db_xref="MIM:109610"
     exon            1..286
                     /gene="TSPO"
                     /gene_synonym="BPBS; BZRP; DBI; IBP; MBR; mDRC; PBR; PBS;
                     pk18; PKBS; PTBR; TSPO1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            287..497
                     /gene="TSPO"
                     /gene_synonym="BPBS; BZRP; DBI; IBP; MBR; mDRC; PBR; PBS;
                     pk18; PKBS; PTBR; TSPO1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             316..825
                     /gene="TSPO"
                     /gene_synonym="BPBS; BZRP; DBI; IBP; MBR; mDRC; PBR; PBS;
                     pk18; PKBS; PTBR; TSPO1"
                     /note="mitochondrial benzodiazepine receptor;
                     peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor; benzodiazepine
                     peripheral binding site"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="translocator protein"
                     /protein_id="NP_001243459.1"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS33661.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:706"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:1158"
                     /db_xref="MIM:109610"
                     /translation="MAPPWVPAMGFTLAPSLGCFVGSRFVHGEGLRWYAGLQKPSWHP
                     PHWVLGPVWGTLYSAMGYGSYLVWKELGGFTEKAVVPLGLYTGQLALNWAWPPIFFGA
                     RQMGWALVDLLLVSGAAAATTVAWYQVSPLAARLLYPYLAWLAFTTTLNYCVWRDNHG
                     WRGGRRLPE"
     exon            498..636
                     /gene="TSPO"
                     /gene_synonym="BPBS; BZRP; DBI; IBP; MBR; mDRC; PBR; PBS;
                     pk18; PKBS; PTBR; TSPO1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            637..1076
                     /gene="TSPO"
                     /gene_synonym="BPBS; BZRP; DBI; IBP; MBR; mDRC; PBR; PBS;
                     pk18; PKBS; PTBR; TSPO1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      1054..1059
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="TSPO"
                     /gene_synonym="BPBS; BZRP; DBI; IBP; MBR; mDRC; PBR; PBS;
                     pk18; PKBS; PTBR; TSPO1"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     polyA_site      1076
                     /gene="TSPO"
                     /gene_synonym="BPBS; BZRP; DBI; IBP; MBR; mDRC; PBR; PBS;
                     pk18; PKBS; PTBR; TSPO1"
                     /note="major polyA site"
ORIGIN      
        1 ctcctgccca ttccgcggat gggcaatccc aggcggaact cccttgaggg tctcagaata
       61 tctgggagac ctcgggctct tgatctccga gacaccccgt ttcgtagtgg agaacagtcc
      121 agatcgggga agtttatttt gcccaaagcc ggttagaggc cccctggccc tcgattccca
      181 gtgcggggct caggtgcgtt gcagcctaga cgggtcttac tgtgagccga gcagcctctg
      241 ggacctgtct gcttccccta ccccttgcaa agaagccgga gcccagagct cccctgaaca
      301 gcagctgcag cagccatggc cccgccctgg gtgcccgcca tgggcttcac gctggcgccc
      361 agcctggggt gcttcgtggg ctcccgcttt gtccacggcg agggtctccg ctggtacgcc
      421 ggcctgcaga agccctcgtg gcacccgccc cactgggtgc tgggccctgt ctggggcacg
      481 ctctactcag ccatggggta cggctcctac ctggtctgga aagagctggg aggcttcaca
      541 gagaaggctg tggttcccct gggcctctac actgggcagc tggccctgaa ctgggcatgg
      601 ccccccatct tctttggtgc ccgacaaatg ggctgggcct tggtggatct cctgctggtc
      661 agtggggcgg cggcagccac taccgtggcc tggtaccagg tgagcccgct ggccgcccgc
      721 ctgctctacc cctacctggc ctggctggcc ttcacgacca cactcaacta ctgcgtatgg
      781 cgggacaacc atggctggcg tgggggacgg cggctgccag agtgagtgcc cggcccacca
      841 gggactgcag ctgcaccagc aggtgccatc acgcttgtga tgtggtggcc gtcacgcttt
      901 catgaccact gggcctgcta gtctgtcagg gccttggccc aggggtcagc agagcttcag
      961 aggtggcccc acctgagccc ccacccggga gcagtgtcct gtgctttctg catgcttaga
     1021 gcatgttctt ggaacatgga attttataag ctgaataaag tttttgactt cctttaaaaa
     1081 aaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa aaaaaa
//
