LOCUS       NM_005092               2744 bp    mRNA    linear   PRI 03-SEP-2024
DEFINITION  Homo sapiens TNF superfamily member 18 (TNFSF18), mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_005092
VERSION     NM_005092.4
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; MANE Select.
SOURCE      Homo sapiens (human)
  ORGANISM  Homo sapiens
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
            Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 2744)
  AUTHORS   Gan,Y., Zhou,H., Guo,Y., Huang,B., Liu,H., Wang,Z., Li,Z., Zhao,X.,
            Zhu,H., Han,Q., Ye,H., He,J., Wang,Q., Li,Z. and Sun,X.
  TITLE     A GITRL-mTORC1-GM-CSF Positive Loop Promotes Pathogenic Th17
            Response in Primary Sjogren Syndrome
  JOURNAL   Arthritis Rheumatol 76 (9), 1419-1430 (2024)
   PUBMED   38589318
  REMARK    GeneRIF: A GITRL-mTORC1-GM-CSF Positive Loop Promotes Pathogenic
            Th17 Response in Primary Sjogren Syndrome.
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 2744)
  AUTHORS   Wang,F., Chau,B., West,S.M., Kimberlin,C.R., Cao,F., Schwarz,F.,
            Aguilar,B., Han,M., Morishige,W., Bee,C., Dollinger,G., Rajpal,A.
            and Strop,P.
  TITLE     Structures of mouse and human GITR-GITRL complexes reveal unique
            TNF superfamily interactions
  JOURNAL   Nat Commun 12 (1), 1378 (2021)
   PUBMED   33654081
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Structures of mouse and human GITR-GITRL complexes reveal
            unique TNF superfamily interactions.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 2744)
  AUTHORS   Girard,M., Law,J.C., Edilova,M.I. and Watts,T.H.
  TITLE     Type I interferons drive the maturation of human DC3s with a
            distinct costimulatory profile characterized by high GITRL
  JOURNAL   Sci Immunol 5 (53) (2020)
   PUBMED   33188059
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Type I interferons drive the maturation of human DC3s with
            a distinct costimulatory profile characterized by high GITRL.
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 2744)
  AUTHORS   Luck,K., Kim,D.K., Lambourne,L., Spirohn,K., Begg,B.E., Bian,W.,
            Brignall,R., Cafarelli,T., Campos-Laborie,F.J., Charloteaux,B.,
            Choi,D., Cote,A.G., Daley,M., Deimling,S., Desbuleux,A., Dricot,A.,
            Gebbia,M., Hardy,M.F., Kishore,N., Knapp,J.J., Kovacs,I.A.,
            Lemmens,I., Mee,M.W., Mellor,J.C., Pollis,C., Pons,C.,
            Richardson,A.D., Schlabach,S., Teeking,B., Yadav,A., Babor,M.,
            Balcha,D., Basha,O., Bowman-Colin,C., Chin,S.F., Choi,S.G.,
            Colabella,C., Coppin,G., D'Amata,C., De Ridder,D., De Rouck,S.,
            Duran-Frigola,M., Ennajdaoui,H., Goebels,F., Goehring,L., Gopal,A.,
            Haddad,G., Hatchi,E., Helmy,M., Jacob,Y., Kassa,Y., Landini,S.,
            Li,R., van Lieshout,N., MacWilliams,A., Markey,D., Paulson,J.N.,
            Rangarajan,S., Rasla,J., Rayhan,A., Rolland,T., San-Miguel,A.,
            Shen,Y., Sheykhkarimli,D., Sheynkman,G.M., Simonovsky,E., Tasan,M.,
            Tejeda,A., Tropepe,V., Twizere,J.C., Wang,Y., Weatheritt,R.J.,
            Weile,J., Xia,Y., Yang,X., Yeger-Lotem,E., Zhong,Q., Aloy,P.,
            Bader,G.D., De Las Rivas,J., Gaudet,S., Hao,T., Rak,J.,
            Tavernier,J., Hill,D.E., Vidal,M., Roth,F.P. and Calderwood,M.A.
  TITLE     A reference map of the human binary protein interactome
  JOURNAL   Nature 580 (7803), 402-408 (2020)
   PUBMED   32296183
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 2744)
  AUTHORS   Tian,J., Rui,K., Hong,Y., Wang,X., Xiao,F., Lin,X., Ma,J., Guo,H.,
            Xu,H., Ma,K., Xu,D., Liu,D., Zhao,Y., Lu,L. and Wang,S.
  TITLE     Increased GITRL Impairs the Function of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor
            Cells and Exacerbates Primary Sjogren Syndrome
  JOURNAL   J Immunol 202 (6), 1693-1703 (2019)
   PUBMED   30760623
  REMARK    GeneRIF: our studies have demonstrated a critical role of GITRL in
            modulating the suppressive function of myeloid-derived suppressor
            cells
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 2744)
  AUTHORS   Kim,B.J., Li,Z., Fariss,R.N., Shen,D.F., Mahesh,S.P., Egwuagu,C.,
            Yu,C.R., Nagineni,C.N., Chan,C.C. and Nussenblatt,R.B.
  TITLE     Constitutive and cytokine-induced GITR ligand expression on human
            retinal pigment epithelium and photoreceptors
  JOURNAL   Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 45 (9), 3170-3176 (2004)
   PUBMED   15326137
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Upregulation by proinflammatory cytokines suggests GITRL
            may play important role in ocular immunity. High level of
            constitutive GITRL expression on photoreceptor inner segments
            suggests photoreceptors participate in regulation of ocular
            inflammation.
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 2744)
  AUTHORS   Yu,K.Y., Kim,H.S., Song,S.Y., Min,S.S., Jeong,J.J. and Youn,B.S.
  TITLE     Identification of a ligand for glucocorticoid-induced tumor
            necrosis factor receptor constitutively expressed in dendritic
            cells
  JOURNAL   Biochem Biophys Res Commun 310 (2), 433-438 (2003)
   PUBMED   14521928
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 2744)
  AUTHORS   Clark,H.F., Gurney,A.L., Abaya,E., Baker,K., Baldwin,D., Brush,J.,
            Chen,J., Chow,B., Chui,C., Crowley,C., Currell,B., Deuel,B.,
            Dowd,P., Eaton,D., Foster,J., Grimaldi,C., Gu,Q., Hass,P.E.,
            Heldens,S., Huang,A., Kim,H.S., Klimowski,L., Jin,Y., Johnson,S.,
            Lee,J., Lewis,L., Liao,D., Mark,M., Robbie,E., Sanchez,C.,
            Schoenfeld,J., Seshagiri,S., Simmons,L., Singh,J., Smith,V.,
            Stinson,J., Vagts,A., Vandlen,R., Watanabe,C., Wieand,D., Woods,K.,
            Xie,M.H., Yansura,D., Yi,S., Yu,G., Yuan,J., Zhang,M., Zhang,Z.,
            Goddard,A., Wood,W.I., Godowski,P. and Gray,A.
  TITLE     The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale
            effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins:
            a bioinformatics assessment
  JOURNAL   Genome Res 13 (10), 2265-2270 (2003)
   PUBMED   12975309
  REMARK    Erratum:[Genome Res. 2003 Dec;13(12):2759]
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 2744)
  AUTHORS   Kwon,B., Yu,K.Y., Ni,J., Yu,G.L., Jang,I.K., Kim,Y.J., Xing,L.,
            Liu,D., Wang,S.X. and Kwon,B.S.
  TITLE     Identification of a novel activation-inducible protein of the tumor
            necrosis factor receptor superfamily and its ligand
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 274 (10), 6056-6061 (1999)
   PUBMED   10037686
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 2744)
  AUTHORS   Gurney,A.L., Marsters,S.A., Huang,R.M., Pitti,R.M., Mark,D.T.,
            Baldwin,D.T., Gray,A.M., Dowd,A.D., Brush,A.D., Heldens,A.D.,
            Schow,A.D., Goddard,A.D., Wood,W.I., Baker,K.P., Godowski,P.J. and
            Ashkenazi,A.
  TITLE     Identification of a new member of the tumor necrosis factor family
            and its receptor, a human ortholog of mouse GITR
  JOURNAL   Curr Biol 9 (4), 215-218 (1999)
   PUBMED   10074428
COMMENT     REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The
            reference sequence was derived from AL031599.1.
            
            On Jun 27, 2020 this sequence version replaced NM_005092.3.
            
            Summary: The protein encoded by this gene is a cytokine that
            belongs to the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) ligand family. This
            cytokine is a ligand for receptor TNFRSF18/AITR/GITR. It has been
            shown to modulate T lymphocyte survival in peripheral tissues. This
            cytokine is also found to be expressed in endothelial cells, and is
            thought to be important for interaction between T lymphocytes and
            endothelial cells. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008].
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: SRR1803616.35513.1, AY358868.1
                                           [ECO:0000332]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            MANE Ensembl match     :: ENST00000404377.5/ ENSP00000385470.4
            RefSeq Select criteria :: based on single protein-coding transcript
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-201               AL031599.1         27379-27579
            202-232             AL031599.1         34351-34381
            233-2744            AL031599.1         36607-39118
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..2744
                     /organism="Homo sapiens"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:9606"
                     /chromosome="1"
                     /map="1q25.1"
     gene            1..2744
                     /gene="TNFSF18"
                     /gene_synonym="AITRL; GITRL; hGITRL; TL6; TNLG2A"
                     /note="TNF superfamily member 18"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:8995"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:11932"
                     /db_xref="MIM:603898"
     exon            1..201
                     /gene="TNFSF18"
                     /gene_synonym="AITRL; GITRL; hGITRL; TL6; TNLG2A"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             46..579
                     /gene="TNFSF18"
                     /gene_synonym="AITRL; GITRL; hGITRL; TL6; TNLG2A"
                     /note="glucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related protein ligand;
                     AITR ligand; GITR ligand; tumor necrosis factor
                     superfamily member 18; activation-inducible TNF-related
                     ligand; glucocorticoid-induced TNF-related ligand; tumor
                     necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 18; tumor
                     necrosis factor ligand 2A"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member
                     18"
                     /protein_id="NP_005083.3"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS1305.3"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:8995"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:11932"
                     /db_xref="MIM:603898"
                     /translation="MCLSHLENMPLSHSRTQGAQRSSWKLWLFCSIVMLLFLCSFSWL
                     IFIFLQLETAKEPCMAKFGPLPSKWQMASSEPPCVNKVSDWKLEILQNGLYLIYGQVA
                     PNANYNDVAPFEVRLYKNKDMIQTLTNKSKIQNVGGTYELHVGDTIDLIFNSEHQVLK
                     NNTYWGIILLANPQFIS"
     exon            202..232
                     /gene="TNFSF18"
                     /gene_synonym="AITRL; GITRL; hGITRL; TL6; TNLG2A"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            233..2744
                     /gene="TNFSF18"
                     /gene_synonym="AITRL; GITRL; hGITRL; TL6; TNLG2A"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      2160..2165
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="TNFSF18"
                     /gene_synonym="AITRL; GITRL; hGITRL; TL6; TNLG2A"
                     /note="hexamer: ATTAAA"
     polyA_site      2179
                     /gene="TNFSF18"
                     /gene_synonym="AITRL; GITRL; hGITRL; TL6; TNLG2A"
                     /note="major polyA site"
     regulatory      2723..2728
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="TNFSF18"
                     /gene_synonym="AITRL; GITRL; hGITRL; TL6; TNLG2A"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     polyA_site      2744
                     /gene="TNFSF18"
                     /gene_synonym="AITRL; GITRL; hGITRL; TL6; TNLG2A"
ORIGIN      
        1 atcacttgtg aatttttgtt ttccacagct ctcatttctc caaaaatgtg tttgagccac
       61 ttggaaaata tgcctttaag ccattcaaga actcaaggag ctcagagatc atcctggaag
      121 ctgtggctct tttgctcaat agttatgttg ctatttcttt gctccttcag ttggctaatc
      181 tttatttttc tccaattaga gactgctaag gagccctgta tggctaagtt tggaccatta
      241 ccctcaaaat ggcaaatggc atcttctgaa cctccttgcg tgaataaggt gtctgactgg
      301 aagctggaga tacttcagaa tggcttatat ttaatttatg gccaagtggc tcccaatgca
      361 aactacaatg atgtagctcc ttttgaggtg cggctgtata aaaacaaaga catgatacaa
      421 actctaacaa acaaatctaa aatccaaaat gtaggaggga cttatgaatt gcatgttggg
      481 gacaccatag acttgatatt caactctgag catcaggttc taaaaaataa tacatactgg
      541 ggtatcattt tactagcaaa tccccaattc atctcctaga gacttgattt gatctcctca
      601 ttcccttcag cacatgtaga ggtgccagtg ggtggattgg agggagaaga tattcaattt
      661 ctagagtttg tctgtctaca aaaatcaaca caaacagaac tcctctgcac gtgaattttc
      721 atctatcatg cctatctgaa agagactcag gggaagagcc aaagactttt ggttggatct
      781 gcagagatac ttcattaatc catgataaaa caaatatgga tgacagagga catgtgcttt
      841 tcaaagaatc tttatctaat tcttgaattc atgagtggaa aaatggagtt ctattcccat
      901 ggaagattta cctggtatgc aaaaaggatc tggggcagta gcctggcttt gttctcatat
      961 tcttgggctg ctgtaattca ttcttctcat actcccatct tctgagaccc tcccaataaa
     1021 aagtagactg ataggatggc cacagatatg cctaccatac cctactttag atatggtggt
     1081 gttagaagat aaagaacaat ctgagaacta ttggaataga ggtacaagtg gcataaaatg
     1141 gaatgtacgc tatctggaaa tttctcttgg ttttatcttc ctcaggatgc agggtgcttt
     1201 aaaaagcctt atcaaaggag tcattccgaa ccctcacgta gagctttgtg agaccttact
     1261 gttggtgtgt gtgtctaaac attgctaatt gtaaagaaag agtaaccatt agtaatcatt
     1321 aggtttaacc ccagaatggt attatcatta ctggattatg tcatgtaatg atttagtatt
     1381 tttagctagc tttccacagt ttgcaaagtg ctttcgtaaa acagttagca attctatgaa
     1441 gttaattggg caggcatttg ggggaaaatt ttagtgatga gaatgtgata gcatagcata
     1501 gccaactttc ctcaactcat aggacaagtg actacaagag gcaatgggta gtcccctgca
     1561 ttgcactgtc tcagctttag aattgttatt tctgctatcg tgttataaga ctctaaaact
     1621 tagcgaattc acttttcagg aagcatattc ccctttagcc caaggtgagc agagtgaagc
     1681 tacaacagat ctttccttta ccagcacact tttttttttt ttcctgcctg aatcagggag
     1741 atccaggatg ctgttcaggc cttatcccaa ccaaattccc ctcttcactt tgcagggccc
     1801 atcttagtca aatgtgctaa cttctaaaat aataaatagc actaattcaa aatttttgga
     1861 ctcttaaatt agctacttgc aggttcttgt tgaaaggtat ataatattac attgtaaaca
     1921 aatttaaaat atttatggat atttgtgaaa agctgcatta tgttaaataa tattacatgt
     1981 aaagctattt aaaagaggtt ttttttgtat tttgtttaac aaaaattgct caggagcatg
     2041 ctaagcctga ggccaagttg tttcttagta tgacttttta aaaaaacatc tgctgagtag
     2101 ctacagggcc aaagacttgg agagcttgtt tctgttgcat ttgcatatct tctcaggaaa
     2161 ttaaagtgtg tcatacatat gtgtgtgtgt gtgtgtgtgt gtgtgtatat gtgtgtgtgt
     2221 atatatatgt atacttataa aatcttggtg ttcttgatct ttgttgtgtt ataagcaatg
     2281 tgtgctggag tgggctggtg ctagcttata agcacatatt attaaatttt caggaatgtt
     2341 gcactttagt tattaactat aggcattctt gaaattggct atggtgggag tatttatacc
     2401 atgtaaattg gcaaacacta cacattttcc ttttggacag ctagttcacc agcacaccac
     2461 tgtgaaactc tccttaatga ctcctctctg cccccgcttc attcctggga taatcatagc
     2521 agactaaggg agaaaatgaa attgtaaaaa tttggcatac tggtgatttc tcagggcaag
     2581 cagaggttac tacagctgca gctagaggga tgactaccaa caggtgacct ttacattttc
     2641 ctgatgttat aattttagct tttgttttca atgtatactg ttttcctgtt tctccacata
     2701 gtagtctgca ttttaaatct ataataaaac atgctgataa ctgg
//
