LOCUS       NM_018271               2082 bp    mRNA    linear   PRI 09-JUN-2024
DEFINITION  Homo sapiens threonine synthase like 2 (THNSL2), transcript variant
            1, mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_018271 XM_005264400
VERSION     NM_018271.5
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; MANE Select.
SOURCE      Homo sapiens (human)
  ORGANISM  Homo sapiens
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
            Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 2082)
  AUTHORS   Napimoga,M.H., Dantas Formiga,W.D., Abdalla,H.B.,
            Trindade-da-Silva,C.A., Venturin,C.M., Martinez,E.F.,
            Rossaneis,A.C., Verri,W.A. Jr. and Clemente-Napimoga,J.T.
  TITLE     Secreted Osteoclastogenic Factor of Activated T Cells (SOFAT) Is
            Associated With Rheumatoid Arthritis and Joint Pain: Initial
            Evidences of a New Pathway
  JOURNAL   Front Immunol 11, 1442 (2020)
   PUBMED   32849501
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Secreted Osteoclastogenic Factor of Activated T Cells
            (SOFAT) Is Associated With Rheumatoid Arthritis and Joint Pain:
            Initial Evidences of a New Pathway.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 2082)
  AUTHORS   Candido-Soares,L.E., Martinez,E.F., de Araujo,V.C., Araujo,N.S.,
            Freitas,N.S. and Napimoga,M.H.
  TITLE     SOFAT as a Putative Marker of Osteoclasts in Bone Lesions
  JOURNAL   Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 27 (6), 448-453 (2019)
   PUBMED   29489507
  REMARK    GeneRIF: this study shows that SOFAT is a putative marker of
            osteoclasts in bone lesions
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 2082)
  AUTHORS   Jarry,C.R., Martinez,E.F., Peruzzo,D.C., Carregaro,V.,
            Sacramento,L.A., Araujo,V.C., Weitzmann,M.N. and Napimoga,M.H.
  TITLE     Expression of SOFAT by T- and B-lineage cells may contribute to
            bone loss
  JOURNAL   Mol Med Rep 13 (5), 4252-4258 (2016)
   PUBMED   27035849
  REMARK    GeneRIF: These data support a putative role of SOFAT in the bone
            loss associated with chronic periodontal disease.
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 2082)
  AUTHORS   Sung,Y.J., Perusse,L., Sarzynski,M.A., Fornage,M., Sidney,S.,
            Sternfeld,B., Rice,T., Terry,J.G., Jacobs,D.R. Jr., Katzmarzyk,P.,
            Curran,J.E., Jeffrey Carr,J., Blangero,J., Ghosh,S., Despres,J.P.,
            Rankinen,T., Rao,D.C. and Bouchard,C.
  TITLE     Genome-wide association studies suggest sex-specific loci
            associated with abdominal and visceral fat
  JOURNAL   Int J Obes (Lond) 40 (4), 662-674 (2016)
   PUBMED   26480920
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Our results provide evidence for new loci influencing
            abdominal visceral (BBS9, ADCY8, KCNK9) and subcutaneous
            (MLLT10/DNAJC1/EBLN1) fat, and confirmed a locus (THNSL2)
            previously reported to be associated with abdominal fat in women.
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 2082)
  AUTHORS   Napimoga,M.H., Demasi,A.P., Jarry,C.R., Ortega,M.C., de Araujo,V.C.
            and Martinez,E.F.
  TITLE     In vitro evaluation of the biological effect of SOFAT on
            osteoblasts
  JOURNAL   Int Immunopharmacol 26 (2), 378-383 (2015)
   PUBMED   25916677
  REMARK    GeneRIF: may exacerbate inflammation and support osteoclast
            formation and bone destruction
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 2082)
  AUTHORS   Jarry,C.R., Duarte,P.M., Freitas,F.F., de Macedo,C.G.,
            Clemente-Napimoga,J.T., Saba-Chujfi,E., Passador-Santos,F., de
            Araujo,V.C. and Napimoga,M.H.
  TITLE     Secreted osteoclastogenic factor of activated T cells (SOFAT), a
            novel osteoclast activator, in chronic periodontitis
  JOURNAL   Hum Immunol 74 (7), 861-866 (2013)
   PUBMED   23619471
  REMARK    GeneRIF: The present study demonstrated that SOFAT may play an
            important role in periodontitis.
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 2082)
  AUTHORS   Fox,C.S., Liu,Y., White,C.C., Feitosa,M., Smith,A.V.,
            Heard-Costa,N., Lohman,K., Johnson,A.D., Foster,M.C.,
            Greenawalt,D.M., Griffin,P., Ding,J., Newman,A.B., Tylavsky,F.,
            Miljkovic,I., Kritchevsky,S.B., Launer,L., Garcia,M.,
            Eiriksdottir,G., Carr,J.J., Gudnason,V., Harris,T.B., Cupples,L.A.
            and Borecki,I.B.
  CONSRTM   GIANT Consortium; MAGIC Consortium; GLGC Consortium
  TITLE     Genome-wide association for abdominal subcutaneous and visceral
            adipose reveals a novel locus for visceral fat in women
  JOURNAL   PLoS Genet 8 (5), e1002695 (2012)
   PUBMED   22589738
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 2082)
  AUTHORS   Mason,C.C., Hanson,R.L., Ossowski,V., Bian,L., Baier,L.J.,
            Krakoff,J. and Bogardus,C.
  TITLE     Bimodal distribution of RNA expression levels in human skeletal
            muscle tissue
  JOURNAL   BMC Genomics 12, 98 (2011)
   PUBMED   21299892
  REMARK    GeneRIF: THNSL2 was found to have bimodal expression in human
            skeletal muscle tissue.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 2082)
  AUTHORS   Rifas,L. and Weitzmann,M.N.
  TITLE     A novel T cell cytokine, secreted osteoclastogenic factor of
            activated T cells, induces osteoclast formation in a
            RANKL-independent manner
  JOURNAL   Arthritis Rheum 60 (11), 3324-3335 (2009)
   PUBMED   19877052
  REMARK    GeneRIF: A cytokine named SOFAT (secreted osteoclastogenic factor
            of activated T cells) can induce osteoblastic IL-6 production and
            osteoclast formation in the absence of osteoblasts or RANKL. It is
            insensitive to RANKL inhibitor osteoprotegerin.
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 2082)
  AUTHORS   Donini,S., Percudani,R., Credali,A., Montanini,B., Sartori,A. and
            Peracchi,A.
  TITLE     A threonine synthase homolog from a mammalian genome
  JOURNAL   Biochem Biophys Res Commun 350 (4), 922-928 (2006)
   PUBMED   17034760
COMMENT     REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The
            reference sequence was derived from AC092836.4.
            This sequence is a reference standard in the RefSeqGene project.
            
            On or before Jun 17, 2020 this sequence version replaced
            XM_005264400.4, NM_018271.4.
            
            Summary: This gene encodes a threonine synthase-like protein. A
            similar enzyme in mouse can catalyze the degradation of
            O-phospho-homoserine to a-ketobutyrate, phosphate, and ammonia.
            This protein also has phospho-lyase activity on both gamma and beta
            phosphorylated substrates. In mouse an alternatively spliced form
            of this protein has been shown to act as a cytokine and can induce
            the production of the inflammatory cytokine IL6 in osteoblasts.
            Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants.
            [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2011].
            
            Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the longest isoform
            (1).
            
            Sequence Note: This RefSeq record was created from transcript and
            genomic sequence data to make the sequence consistent with the
            reference genome assembly. The genomic coordinates used for the
            transcript record were based on transcript alignments.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: SRR14372079.1057162.1,
                                           SRR14372080.4194940.1 [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: single sample supports all introns
                                           SAMEA1968832, SAMEA1968968
                                           [ECO:0000348]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            MANE Ensembl match     :: ENST00000674334.2/ ENSP00000501453.1
            RefSeq Select criteria :: based on conservation, expression,
                                      longest protein
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: complete on the 3' end.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-111               AC092836.4         103531-103641
            112-346             AC092836.4         106324-106558
            347-541             AC092836.4         107824-108018
            542-694             AC092836.4         108434-108586
            695-925             AC092836.4         111968-112198
            926-1074            AC092836.4         115884-116032
            1075-1200           AC092836.4         116133-116258
            1201-1352           AC092836.4         118513-118664
            1353-2082           AC092836.4         119083-119812
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..2082
                     /organism="Homo sapiens"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:9606"
                     /chromosome="2"
                     /map="2p11.2"
     gene            1..2082
                     /gene="THNSL2"
                     /gene_synonym="SOFAT; THS2; TSH2"
                     /note="threonine synthase like 2"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:55258"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:25602"
                     /db_xref="MIM:611261"
     exon            1..111
                     /gene="THNSL2"
                     /gene_synonym="SOFAT; THS2; TSH2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            112..346
                     /gene="THNSL2"
                     /gene_synonym="SOFAT; THS2; TSH2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             124..1578
                     /gene="THNSL2"
                     /gene_synonym="SOFAT; THS2; TSH2"
                     /EC_number="4.2.3.-"
                     /note="isoform 1 is encoded by transcript variant 1;
                     secreted osteoclastogenic factor of activated T cells"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="threonine synthase-like 2 isoform 1"
                     /protein_id="NP_060741.3"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS2002.2"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:55258"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:25602"
                     /db_xref="MIM:611261"
                     /translation="MWYVSTRGVAPRVNFEGALFSGYAPDGGLFMPEELPQLDRGTLC
                     QWSTLSYPGLVKELCALFIGSELLPKDELNDLIDRAFSRFRHREVVHLSRLRNGLNVL
                     ELWHGVTYAFKDLSLSCTTQFLQYFLEKREKHVTVVVGTSGDTGSAAIESVQGAKNMD
                     IIVLLPKGHCTKIQELQMTTVLKQNVHVFGVEGNSDELDEPIKTVFADVAFVKKHNLM
                     SLNSINWSRVLVQMAHHFFAYFQCTPSLDTHPLPLVEVVVPTGAAGNLAAGYIAQKIG
                     LPIRLVVAVNRNDIIHRTVQQGDFSLSEAVKSTLASAMDIQVPYNMERVFWLLSGSDS
                     QVTRALMEQFERTQSVNLPKELHSKLSEAVTSVSVSDEAITQTMGRCWDENQYLLCPH
                     SAVAVNYHYQQIDRQQPSTPRCCLAPASAAKFPEAVLAAGLTPETPAEIVALEHKETR
                     CTLMRRGDNWMLMLRDTIEDLSRQWRSHALNTSQ"
     exon            347..541
                     /gene="THNSL2"
                     /gene_synonym="SOFAT; THS2; TSH2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            542..694
                     /gene="THNSL2"
                     /gene_synonym="SOFAT; THS2; TSH2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            695..925
                     /gene="THNSL2"
                     /gene_synonym="SOFAT; THS2; TSH2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            926..1074
                     /gene="THNSL2"
                     /gene_synonym="SOFAT; THS2; TSH2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1075..1200
                     /gene="THNSL2"
                     /gene_synonym="SOFAT; THS2; TSH2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1201..1352
                     /gene="THNSL2"
                     /gene_synonym="SOFAT; THS2; TSH2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1353..2082
                     /gene="THNSL2"
                     /gene_synonym="SOFAT; THS2; TSH2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      2060..2065
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="THNSL2"
                     /gene_synonym="SOFAT; THS2; TSH2"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     polyA_site      2082
                     /gene="THNSL2"
                     /gene_synonym="SOFAT; THS2; TSH2"
                     /note="major polyA site"
ORIGIN      
        1 accgtcaggg acgcggactc gggagtgcgc acattcgcag cccgggcagc cctgctgcgc
       61 accgggcctc gcgccccgcg ccccgcgccc cgcgccccgc gccccgcacc ggcctccagg
      121 atcatgtggt atgtcagcac caggggcgta gccccacggg tcaactttga gggggccctc
      181 ttctctggct atgcacctga cgggggcctc tttatgcctg aagagctccc acagttggac
      241 agagggaccc tgtgccagtg gagcacactc tcctatcctg gcctggtgaa ggagctgtgt
      301 gccctcttca ttggctctga gctccttcca aaagatgaat taaatgatct gatcgaccga
      361 gccttcagca gattccgtca cagagaagtg gtccatctgt ccaggttgag gaatgggctg
      421 aacgtgttgg agctgtggca tggcgtcaca tatgcattta aggacctgtc cctgtcctgc
      481 acaacacagt tcctgcagta cttcctggag aagagggaga agcacgtcac tgtggttgta
      541 ggaacatctg gggacacagg aagtgctgcc attgagagtg ttcaaggggc aaagaacatg
      601 gacattatcg ttctgctgcc caaaggtcac tgcacaaaga ttcaggagct ccagatgaca
      661 acggtgctga agcagaacgt acatgtgttt ggagtggagg gaaacagcga tgagctcgat
      721 gagccgatca agactgtgtt tgccgatgtg gcttttgtca agaagcacaa tctgatgagc
      781 ctgaattcga tcaactggtc ccgggtcctg gtgcagatgg cccatcactt ctttgcttac
      841 ttccagtgta cgccatcctt ggacacacat cccctacccc tggtggaggt ggttgtgcca
      901 acaggggctg ccggtaacct tgcagctggg tacattgctc aaaagatagg cctgcccatc
      961 cgtctggtcg tggcagtgaa ccgcaatgac atcatccaca ggactgtcca gcagggagac
     1021 ttctctctct ctgaggctgt taaatcaacc ttggcatcag ctatggacat tcaggtgccc
     1081 tacaacatgg agagggtgtt ctggctgctc tctggctctg acagccaggt gacaagagcc
     1141 ctcatggagc agtttgaaag gacccaaagt gtgaatctgc ccaaggaact gcacagcaag
     1201 ctttcagagg cagtgacatc cgtgtcagtg tcggatgaag ccatcaccca gaccatgggc
     1261 cgctgctggg atgagaacca gtacttgctg tgcccccact cagcggtggc cgtgaactac
     1321 cattaccagc agatagacag gcagcagccc agcactcccc ggtgctgcct cgcccctgcc
     1381 tctgcagcca agttcccgga agctgtcctg gctgctggcc tgacccctga gactcccgcg
     1441 gagatcgtag ccctggagca caaggagaca cgctgcaccc tgatgcggag aggtgacaac
     1501 tggatgctga tgcttcggga caccattgag gaccttagcc gacagtggag gagtcatgcc
     1561 ctcaacacct cccagtagcc tggctggagg tggctttctt taggcttcag atcccaggaa
     1621 gatgcacctt ctgagctgcc ttgtgcaccc tccccattaa gcgtaggtta ggaggtttcc
     1681 gggaggctgc tcagctggat ctggagccag ctggctttgc tccgttccct ggctagtctg
     1741 tgcctggtca ccagggaggc tgagtgaggg gctgtgaaca gttgccggaa gcaccccctc
     1801 cctccccggc ccgtgcagca gtgtctgagc tgtagtgaaa gtttcagggc ctgcaaaaga
     1861 agaggcttgg gcacaggact gaccatggct ccaggggttt aggaccccag acctgtgaag
     1921 gtgggagcag ctcaccacct tcacgcaggc tttgtatgtt ctctgagcct tagttgattt
     1981 tggcccccaa accaaatcca aaggttctgg cccaccttgt cagaggcttc caccctgctc
     2041 acatgttggg aatccctgga ataaaatgct tgttcagtgt ga
//
