LOCUS       NM_003236               4117 bp    mRNA    linear   PRI 06-JUN-2024
DEFINITION  Homo sapiens transforming growth factor alpha (TGFA), transcript
            variant 1, mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_003236
VERSION     NM_003236.4
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; MANE Select.
SOURCE      Homo sapiens (human)
  ORGANISM  Homo sapiens
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
            Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 4117)
  AUTHORS   Ma,X., Zheng,J., He,K., Wang,L., Wang,Z., Wang,K., Liu,Z., San,Z.,
            Zhao,L. and Wang,L.
  TITLE     TGFA expression is associated with poor prognosis and promotes the
            development of cervical cancer
  JOURNAL   J Cell Mol Med 28 (3), e18086 (2024)
   PUBMED   38152044
  REMARK    GeneRIF: TGFA expression is associated with poor prognosis and
            promotes the development of cervical cancer.
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 4117)
  AUTHORS   Kamentseva,R.S., Kharchenko,M.V., Gabdrahmanova,G.V., Kotov,M.A.,
            Kosheverova,V.V. and Kornilova,E.S.
  TITLE     EGF, TGF-alpha and Amphiregulin Differently Regulate
            Endometrium-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells
  JOURNAL   Int J Mol Sci 24 (17), 13408 (2023)
   PUBMED   37686213
  REMARK    GeneRIF: EGF, TGF-alpha and Amphiregulin Differently Regulate
            Endometrium-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 4117)
  AUTHORS   Gao,Y., Wang,Y., Xu,L., Xie,X., Zhu,L. and Wang,F.
  TITLE     CircRTN1 acts as a miR-431-5p sponge to promote thyroid cancer
            progression by upregulating TGFA
  JOURNAL   Hormones (Athens) 21 (4), 611-623 (2022)
   PUBMED   35804263
  REMARK    GeneRIF: CircRTN1 acts as a miR-431-5p sponge to promote thyroid
            cancer progression by upregulating TGFA.
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 4117)
  AUTHORS   Sun,Y., Miao,X., Zhu,L., Liu,J., Lin,Y., Xiang,G., Wu,X., Wang,X.,
            Ni,Z. and Li,S.
  TITLE     Autocrine TGF-alpha is associated with Benzo(a)pyrene-induced mucus
            production and MUC5AC expression during allergic asthma
  JOURNAL   Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 241, 113833 (2022)
   PUBMED   36068759
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Autocrine TGF-alpha is associated with
            Benzo(a)pyrene-induced mucus production and MUC5AC expression
            during allergic asthma.
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 4117)
  AUTHORS   Qian,J.F., Lazar-Wesley,E., Breugnot,C. and May,E.
  TITLE     Human transforming growth factor alpha: sequence analysis of the
            4.5-kb and 1.6-kb mRNA species
  JOURNAL   Gene 132 (2), 291-296 (1993)
   PUBMED   8224876
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 4117)
  AUTHORS   Thomas,D.M., Nasim,M.M., Gullick,W.J. and Alison,M.R.
  TITLE     Immunoreactivity of transforming growth factor alpha in the normal
            adult gastrointestinal tract
  JOURNAL   Gut 33 (5), 628-631 (1992)
   PUBMED   1612477
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 4117)
  AUTHORS   Nasim,M.M., Thomas,D.M., Alison,M.R. and Filipe,M.I.
  TITLE     Transforming growth factor alpha expression in normal gastric
            mucosa, intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia and gastric carcinoma--an
            immunohistochemical study
  JOURNAL   Histopathology 20 (4), 339-343 (1992)
   PUBMED   1577411
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 4117)
  AUTHORS   Bean,M.F. and Carr,S.A.
  TITLE     Characterization of disulfide bond position in proteins and
            sequence analysis of cystine-bridged peptides by tandem mass
            spectrometry
  JOURNAL   Anal Biochem 201 (2), 216-226 (1992)
   PUBMED   1632509
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 4117)
  AUTHORS   Tricoli,J.V., Nakai,H., Byers,M.G., Rall,L.B., Bell,G.I. and
            Shows,T.B.
  TITLE     The gene for human transforming growth factor alpha is on the short
            arm of chromosome 2
  JOURNAL   Cytogenet Cell Genet 42 (1-2), 94-98 (1986)
   PUBMED   3459638
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 4117)
  AUTHORS   Derynck,R., Roberts,A.B., Winkler,M.E., Chen,E.Y. and Goeddel,D.V.
  TITLE     Human transforming growth factor-alpha: precursor structure and
            expression in E. coli
  JOURNAL   Cell 38 (1), 287-297 (1984)
   PUBMED   6088071
COMMENT     REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The
            reference sequence was derived from DA462271.1, X70340.1,
            DA229819.1, DA373586.1, BI760767.1 and CD369689.1.
            This sequence is a reference standard in the RefSeqGene project.
            
            On Nov 23, 2018 this sequence version replaced NM_003236.3.
            
            Summary: This gene encodes a growth factor that is a ligand for the
            epidermal growth factor receptor, which activates a signaling
            pathway for cell proliferation, differentiation and development.
            This protein may act as either a transmembrane-bound ligand or a
            soluble ligand. This gene has been associated with many types of
            cancers, and it may also be involved in some cases of cleft
            lip/palate. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding
            different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by
            RefSeq, Sep 2011].
            
            Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes isoform 1.
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: X70340.1, SRR11853566.15352.1
                                           [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: single sample supports all introns
                                           SAMEA2158800 [ECO:0000348]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            MANE Ensembl match     :: ENST00000295400.11/ ENSP00000295400.6
            RefSeq Select criteria :: based on conservation, expression
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: full length.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-28                DA462271.1         183-210
            29-1064             X70340.1           1-1036
            1065-1075           DA229819.1         369-379
            1076-1866           X70340.1           1048-1838
            1867-1877           DA373586.1         114-124
            1878-2206           X70340.1           1849-2177
            2207-2831           BI760767.1         1-625
            2832-4097           X70340.1           2804-4069
            4098-4117           CD369689.1         21-40               c
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..4117
                     /organism="Homo sapiens"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:9606"
                     /chromosome="2"
                     /map="2p13.3"
     gene            1..4117
                     /gene="TGFA"
                     /gene_synonym="TFGA"
                     /note="transforming growth factor alpha"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:7039"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:11765"
                     /db_xref="MIM:190170"
     exon            1..99
                     /gene="TGFA"
                     /gene_synonym="TFGA"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             60..542
                     /gene="TGFA"
                     /gene_synonym="TFGA"
                     /note="isoform 1 preproprotein is encoded by transcript
                     variant 1; protransforming growth factor alpha; TGF-alpha"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="protransforming growth factor alpha isoform 1
                     preproprotein"
                     /protein_id="NP_003227.1"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS1905.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:7039"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:11765"
                     /db_xref="MIM:190170"
                     /translation="MVPSAGQLALFALGIVLAACQALENSTSPLSADPPVAAAVVSHF
                     NDCPDSHTQFCFHGTCRFLVQEDKPACVCHSGYVGARCEHADLLAVVAASQKKQAITA
                     LVVVSIVALAVLIITCVLIHCCQVRKHCEWCRALICRHEKPSALLKGRTACCHSETVV
                     "
     exon            100..153
                     /gene="TGFA"
                     /gene_synonym="TFGA"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            154..274
                     /gene="TGFA"
                     /gene_synonym="TFGA"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            275..424
                     /gene="TGFA"
                     /gene_synonym="TFGA"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            425..534
                     /gene="TGFA"
                     /gene_synonym="TFGA"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            535..4117
                     /gene="TGFA"
                     /gene_synonym="TFGA"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      4097..4102
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="TGFA"
                     /gene_synonym="TFGA"
                     /note="hexamer: AATGAA"
     polyA_site      4117
                     /gene="TGFA"
                     /gene_synonym="TFGA"
                     /note="major polyA site"
ORIGIN      
        1 actcgggcac cgcaggtagg gcaggaggct ggagagcctg ctgcccgccc gcccgtaaaa
       61 tggtcccctc ggctggacag ctcgccctgt tcgctctggg tattgtgttg gctgcgtgcc
      121 aggccttgga gaacagcacg tccccgctga gtgcagaccc gcccgtggct gcagcagtgg
      181 tgtcccattt taatgactgc ccagattccc acactcagtt ctgcttccat ggaacctgca
      241 ggtttttggt gcaggaggac aagccagcat gtgtctgcca ttctgggtac gttggtgcac
      301 gctgtgagca tgcggacctc ctggccgtgg tggctgccag ccagaagaag caggccatca
      361 ccgccttggt ggtggtctcc atcgtggccc tggctgtcct tatcatcaca tgtgtgctga
      421 tacactgctg ccaggtccga aaacactgtg agtggtgccg ggccctcatc tgccggcacg
      481 agaagcccag cgccctcctg aagggaagaa ccgcttgctg ccactcagaa acagtggtct
      541 gaagagccca gaggaggagt ttggccaggt ggactgtggc agatcaataa agaaaggctt
      601 cttcaggaca gcactgccag agatgcctgg gtgtgccaca gaccttccta cttggcctgt
      661 aatcacctgt gcagcctttt gtgggccttc aaaactctgt caagaactcc gtctgcttgg
      721 ggttattcag tgtgacctag agaagaaatc agcggaccac gatttcaaga cttgttaaaa
      781 aagaactgca aagagacgga ctcctgttca cctaggtgag gtgtgtgcag cagttggtgt
      841 ctgagtccac atgtgtgcag ttgtcttctg ccagccatgg attccaggct atatatttct
      901 ttttaatggg ccacctcccc acaacagaat tctgcccaac acaggagatt tctatagtta
      961 ttgttttctg tcatttgcct actggggaag aaagtgaagg aggggaaact gtttaatatc
     1021 acatgaagac cctagcttta agagaagctg tatcctctaa ccacgagacc ctcaaccagc
     1081 ccaacatctt ccatggacac atgacattga agaccatccc aagctatcgc cacccttgga
     1141 gatgatgtct tatttattag atggataatg gttttatttt taatctctta agtcaatgta
     1201 aaaagtataa aaccccttca gacttctaca ttaatgatgt atgtgttgct gactgaaaag
     1261 ctatactgat tagaaatgtc tggcctcttc aagacagcta aggcttggga aaagtcttcc
     1321 agggtgcgga gatggaacca gaggctgggt tactggtagg aataaaggta ggggttcaga
     1381 aatggtgcca ttgaagccac aaagccggta aatgcctcaa tacgttctgg gagaaaactt
     1441 agcaaatcca tcagcaggga tctgtcccct ctgttgggga gagaggaaga gtgtgtgtgt
     1501 ctacacagga taaacccaat acatattgta ctgctcagtg attaaatggg ttcacttcct
     1561 cgtgagccct cggtaagtat gtttagaaat agaacattag ccacgagcca taggcatttc
     1621 aggccaaatc catgaaaggg ggaccagtca tttattttcc attttgttgc ttggttggtt
     1681 tgttgcttta tttttaaaag gagaagttta actttgctat ttattttcga gcactaggaa
     1741 aactattcca gtaatttttt tttcctcatt tccattcagg atgccggctt tattaacaaa
     1801 aactctaaca agtcacctcc actatgtggg tcttcctttc ccctcaagag aaggagcaat
     1861 tgttcccctg agcatctggg tccatctgac ccatggggcc tgcctgtgag aaacagtggg
     1921 tcccttcaaa tacatagtgg atagctcatc cctaggaatt ttcattaaaa tttggaaaca
     1981 gagtaatgaa gaaataatat ataaactcct tatgtgagga aatgctacta atatctgaaa
     2041 agtgaaagat ttctatgtat taactcttaa gtgcacctag cttattacat cgtgaaaggt
     2101 acatttaaaa tatgttaaat tggcttgaaa ttttcagaga attttgtctt cccctaattc
     2161 ttcttccttg gtctggaaga acaatttcta tgaattttct ctttattttt ttttataatt
     2221 cagacaattc tatgacccgt gtcttcattt ttggcactct tatttaacaa tgccacacct
     2281 gaagcacttg gatctgttca gagctgaccc cctagcaacg tagttgacac agctccaggt
     2341 ttttaaatta ctaaaataag ttcaagttta catcccttgg gccagatatg tgggttgagg
     2401 cttgactgta gcatcctgct tagagaccaa tcaacggaca ctggttttta gacctctatc
     2461 aatcagtagt tagcatccaa gagactttgc agaggcgtag gaatgaggct ggacagatgg
     2521 cggaagcaga ggttccctgc gaagacttga gatttagtgt ctgtgaatgt tctagttcct
     2581 aggtccagca agtcacacct gccagtgccc tcatccttat gcctgtaaca cacatgcagt
     2641 gagaggcctc acatatacgc ctccctagaa gtgccttcca agtcagtcct ttggaaacca
     2701 gcaggtctga aaaagaggct gcatcaatgc aagcctggtt ggaccattgt ccatgcctca
     2761 ggatagaaca gcctggctta tttggggatt tttcttctag aaatcaaatg actgataagc
     2821 attggatccc tctgccattt aatggcaatg gtagtctttg gttagctgca aaaatactcc
     2881 atttcaagtt aaaaatgcat cttctaatcc atctctgcaa gctccctgtg tttccttgcc
     2941 ctttagaaaa tgaattgttc actacaatta gagaatcatt taacatcctg acctggtaag
     3001 ctgccacaca cctggcagtg gggagcatcg ctgtttccaa tggctcagga gacaatgaaa
     3061 agcccccatt taaaaaaata acaaacattt tttaaaaggc ctccaatact cttatggagc
     3121 ctggattttt cccactgctc tacaggctgt gacttttttt aagcatcctg acaggaaatg
     3181 ttttcttcta catggaaaga tagacagcag ccaaccctga tctggaagac agggccccgg
     3241 ctggacacac gtggaaccaa gccagggatg ggctggccat tgtgtccccg caggagagat
     3301 gggcagaatg gccctagagt tcttttccct gagaaaggag aaaaagatgg gattgccact
     3361 cacccaccca cactggtaag ggaggagaat ttgtgcttct ggagcttctc aagggattgt
     3421 gttttgcagg tacagaaaac tgcctgttat cttcaagcca ggttttcgag ggcacatggg
     3481 tcaccagttg ctttttcagt caatttggcc gggatggact aatgaggctc taacactgct
     3541 caggagaccc ctgccctcta gttggttctg ggctttgatc tcttccaacc tgcccagtca
     3601 cagaaggagg aatgactcaa atgcccaaaa ccaagaacac attgcagaag taagacaaac
     3661 atgtatattt ttaaatgttc taacataaga cctgttctct ctagccattg atttaccagg
     3721 ctttctgaaa gatctagtgg ttcacacaga gagagagaga gtactgaaaa agcaactcct
     3781 cttcttagtc ttaataattt actaaaatgg tcaacttttc attatcttta ttataataaa
     3841 cctgatgctt ttttttagaa ctccttactc tgatgtctgt atatgttgca ctgaaaaggt
     3901 taatatttaa tgttttaatt tattttgtgt ggtaagttaa ttttgatttc tgtaatgtgt
     3961 taatgtgatt agcagttatt ttccttaata tctgaattat acttaaagag tagtgagcaa
     4021 tataagacgc aattgtgttt ttcagtaatg tgcattgtta ttgagttgta ctgtacctta
     4081 tttggaagga tgaaggaatg aatctttttt tcctaaa
//
