LOCUS       NM_001308159            4278 bp    mRNA    linear   PRI 08-JUN-2024
DEFINITION  Homo sapiens transforming growth factor alpha (TGFA), transcript
            variant 4, mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_001308159 XM_011533076
VERSION     NM_001308159.2
KEYWORDS    RefSeq.
SOURCE      Homo sapiens (human)
  ORGANISM  Homo sapiens
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
            Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 4278)
  AUTHORS   Ma,X., Zheng,J., He,K., Wang,L., Wang,Z., Wang,K., Liu,Z., San,Z.,
            Zhao,L. and Wang,L.
  TITLE     TGFA expression is associated with poor prognosis and promotes the
            development of cervical cancer
  JOURNAL   J Cell Mol Med 28 (3), e18086 (2024)
   PUBMED   38152044
  REMARK    GeneRIF: TGFA expression is associated with poor prognosis and
            promotes the development of cervical cancer.
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 4278)
  AUTHORS   Kamentseva,R.S., Kharchenko,M.V., Gabdrahmanova,G.V., Kotov,M.A.,
            Kosheverova,V.V. and Kornilova,E.S.
  TITLE     EGF, TGF-alpha and Amphiregulin Differently Regulate
            Endometrium-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells
  JOURNAL   Int J Mol Sci 24 (17), 13408 (2023)
   PUBMED   37686213
  REMARK    GeneRIF: EGF, TGF-alpha and Amphiregulin Differently Regulate
            Endometrium-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 4278)
  AUTHORS   Gao,Y., Wang,Y., Xu,L., Xie,X., Zhu,L. and Wang,F.
  TITLE     CircRTN1 acts as a miR-431-5p sponge to promote thyroid cancer
            progression by upregulating TGFA
  JOURNAL   Hormones (Athens) 21 (4), 611-623 (2022)
   PUBMED   35804263
  REMARK    GeneRIF: CircRTN1 acts as a miR-431-5p sponge to promote thyroid
            cancer progression by upregulating TGFA.
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 4278)
  AUTHORS   Sun,Y., Miao,X., Zhu,L., Liu,J., Lin,Y., Xiang,G., Wu,X., Wang,X.,
            Ni,Z. and Li,S.
  TITLE     Autocrine TGF-alpha is associated with Benzo(a)pyrene-induced mucus
            production and MUC5AC expression during allergic asthma
  JOURNAL   Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 241, 113833 (2022)
   PUBMED   36068759
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Autocrine TGF-alpha is associated with
            Benzo(a)pyrene-induced mucus production and MUC5AC expression
            during allergic asthma.
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 4278)
  AUTHORS   Qian,J.F., Lazar-Wesley,E., Breugnot,C. and May,E.
  TITLE     Human transforming growth factor alpha: sequence analysis of the
            4.5-kb and 1.6-kb mRNA species
  JOURNAL   Gene 132 (2), 291-296 (1993)
   PUBMED   8224876
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 4278)
  AUTHORS   Thomas,D.M., Nasim,M.M., Gullick,W.J. and Alison,M.R.
  TITLE     Immunoreactivity of transforming growth factor alpha in the normal
            adult gastrointestinal tract
  JOURNAL   Gut 33 (5), 628-631 (1992)
   PUBMED   1612477
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 4278)
  AUTHORS   Nasim,M.M., Thomas,D.M., Alison,M.R. and Filipe,M.I.
  TITLE     Transforming growth factor alpha expression in normal gastric
            mucosa, intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia and gastric carcinoma--an
            immunohistochemical study
  JOURNAL   Histopathology 20 (4), 339-343 (1992)
   PUBMED   1577411
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 4278)
  AUTHORS   Bean,M.F. and Carr,S.A.
  TITLE     Characterization of disulfide bond position in proteins and
            sequence analysis of cystine-bridged peptides by tandem mass
            spectrometry
  JOURNAL   Anal Biochem 201 (2), 216-226 (1992)
   PUBMED   1632509
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 4278)
  AUTHORS   Tricoli,J.V., Nakai,H., Byers,M.G., Rall,L.B., Bell,G.I. and
            Shows,T.B.
  TITLE     The gene for human transforming growth factor alpha is on the short
            arm of chromosome 2
  JOURNAL   Cytogenet Cell Genet 42 (1-2), 94-98 (1986)
   PUBMED   3459638
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 4278)
  AUTHORS   Derynck,R., Roberts,A.B., Winkler,M.E., Chen,E.Y. and Goeddel,D.V.
  TITLE     Human transforming growth factor-alpha: precursor structure and
            expression in E. coli
  JOURNAL   Cell 38 (1), 287-297 (1984)
   PUBMED   6088071
COMMENT     REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The
            reference sequence was derived from AK309220.1, BC005308.1,
            X70340.1, BM453873.1, BI760767.1 and CD369689.1.
            
            On May 31, 2019 this sequence version replaced NM_001308159.1.
            
            Summary: This gene encodes a growth factor that is a ligand for the
            epidermal growth factor receptor, which activates a signaling
            pathway for cell proliferation, differentiation and development.
            This protein may act as either a transmembrane-bound ligand or a
            soluble ligand. This gene has been associated with many types of
            cancers, and it may also be involved in some cases of cleft
            lip/palate. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding
            different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by
            RefSeq, Sep 2011].
            
            Transcript Variant: This variant (4) contains an alternate 5'
            terminal exon and uses an alternate in-frame splice site in the 5'
            coding region, compared to variant 1. These differences result in a
            distinct 5' UTR, causes translation initiation at an alternate
            start codon, and a distinct 5' coding region, compared to variant
            1. The encoded isoform (4) has a distinct N-terminus, lacks a
            single amino acid near the N-terminus of the protein, but is longer
            than isoform 1.
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: SRR14038193.241725.1,
                                           SRR14038196.766993.1 [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: mixed sample support SAMEA1965299,
                                           SAMEA1966682 [ECO:0006172]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            COMPLETENESS: complete on the 3' end.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-391               AK309220.1         45-435
            392-1389            BC005308.1         228-1225
            1390-2032           X70340.1           1201-1843
            2033-2595           BM453873.1         165-727
            2596-3093           BI760767.1         229-726
            3094-4263           X70340.1           2905-4074
            4264-4278           CD369689.1         21-35               c
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..4278
                     /organism="Homo sapiens"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:9606"
                     /chromosome="2"
                     /map="2p13.3"
     gene            1..4278
                     /gene="TGFA"
                     /gene_synonym="TFGA"
                     /note="transforming growth factor alpha"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:7039"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:11765"
                     /db_xref="MIM:190170"
     exon            1..263
                     /gene="TGFA"
                     /gene_synonym="TFGA"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             206..703
                     /gene="TGFA"
                     /gene_synonym="TFGA"
                     /note="isoform 4 precursor is encoded by transcript
                     variant 4; protransforming growth factor alpha; TGF-alpha"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="protransforming growth factor alpha isoform 4
                     precursor"
                     /protein_id="NP_001295088.1"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS77419.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:7039"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:11765"
                     /db_xref="MIM:190170"
                     /translation="MFKIGRGALDLFSELLSFGGIVLAACQALENSTSPLSDPPVAAA
                     VVSHFNDCPDSHTQFCFHGTCRFLVQEDKPACVCHSGYVGARCEHADLLAVVAASQKK
                     QAITALVVVSIVALAVLIITCVLIHCCQVRKHCEWCRALICRHEKPSALLKGRTACCH
                     SETVV"
     exon            264..317
                     /gene="TGFA"
                     /gene_synonym="TFGA"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            318..435
                     /gene="TGFA"
                     /gene_synonym="TFGA"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            436..585
                     /gene="TGFA"
                     /gene_synonym="TFGA"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            586..695
                     /gene="TGFA"
                     /gene_synonym="TFGA"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            696..4278
                     /gene="TGFA"
                     /gene_synonym="TFGA"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      4258..4263
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="TGFA"
                     /gene_synonym="TFGA"
                     /note="hexamer: AATGAA"
     polyA_site      4278
                     /gene="TGFA"
                     /gene_synonym="TFGA"
                     /note="major polyA site"
ORIGIN      
        1 aatccgccgc agctgtgtgt ctgctcagac acatgcctac acctacctgc ttacctggct
       61 gcctccaagc ccggctcagc cggcgtcgct ggcgtgtaga ctgggccgcc tcggaacggg
      121 ggccggcgtc taaccctctg gccgggtctt gcctgcgccc ctttggcacc ccctgcccac
      181 ctctaagccc cagcgacgag cagagatgtt caagatcggc agaggcgccc tcgatctctt
      241 ttcagagctc ttgagctttg ggggtattgt gttggctgcg tgccaggcct tggagaacag
      301 cacgtccccg ctgagtgacc cgcccgtggc tgcagcagtg gtgtcccatt ttaatgactg
      361 cccagattcc cacactcagt tctgcttcca tggaacctgc aggtttttgg tgcaggagga
      421 caagccagca tgtgtctgcc attctgggta cgttggtgca cgctgtgagc atgcggacct
      481 cctggccgtg gtggctgcca gccagaagaa gcaggccatc accgccttgg tggtggtctc
      541 catcgtggcc ctggctgtcc ttatcatcac atgtgtgctg atacactgct gccaggtccg
      601 aaaacactgt gagtggtgcc gggccctcat ctgccggcac gagaagccca gcgccctcct
      661 gaagggaaga accgcttgct gccactcaga aacagtggtc tgaagagccc agaggaggag
      721 tttggccagg tggactgtgg cagatcaata aagaaaggct tcttcaggac agcactgcca
      781 gagatgcctg ggtgtgccac agaccttcct acttggcctg taatcacctg tgcagccttt
      841 tgtgggcctt caaaactctg tcaagaactc cgtctgcttg gggttattca gtgtgaccta
      901 gagaagaaat cagcggacca cgatttcaag acttgttaaa aaagaactgc aaagagacgg
      961 actcctgttc acctaggtga ggtgtgtgca gcagttggtg tctgagtcca catgtgtgca
     1021 gttgtcttct gccagccatg gattccaggc tatatatttc tttttaatgg gccacctccc
     1081 cacaacagaa ttctgcccaa cacaggagat ttctatagtt attgttttct gtcatttgcc
     1141 tactggggaa gaaagtgaag gaggggaaac tgtttaatat cacatgaaga ccctagcttt
     1201 aagagaagct gtatcctcta accacgagac cctcaaccag cccaacatct tccatggaca
     1261 catgacattg aagaccatcc caagctatcg ccacccttgg agatgatgtc ttatttatta
     1321 gatggataat ggttttattt ttaatctctt aagtcaatgt aaaaagtata aaaccccttc
     1381 agacttctac attaatgatg tatgtgttgc tgactgaaaa gctatactga ttagaaatgt
     1441 ctggcctctt caagacagct aaggcttggg aaaagtcttc cagggtgcgg agatggaacc
     1501 agaggctggg ttactggtag gaataaaggt aggggttcag aaatggtgcc attgaagcca
     1561 caaagccggt aaatgcctca atacgttctg ggagaaaact tagcaaatcc atcagcaggg
     1621 atctgtcccc tctgttgggg agagaggaag agtgtgtgtg tctacacagg ataaacccaa
     1681 tacatattgt actgctcagt gattaaatgg gttcacttcc tcgtgagccc tcggtaagta
     1741 tgtttagaaa tagaacatta gccacgagcc ataggcattt caggccaaat ccatgaaagg
     1801 gggaccagtc atttattttc cattttgttg cttggttggt ttgttgcttt atttttaaaa
     1861 ggagaagttt aactttgcta tttattttcg agcactagga aaactattcc agtaattttt
     1921 ttttcctcat ttccattcag gatgccggct ttattaacaa aaactctaac aagtcacctc
     1981 cactatgtgg gtcttccttt cccctcaaga gaaggagcaa ttgttcccct gagcatctgg
     2041 gtccatctga cccatggggc ctgcctgtga gaaacagtgg gtcccttcaa atacatagtg
     2101 gatagctcat ccctaggaat tttcattaaa atttggaaac agagtaatga agaaataata
     2161 tataaactcc ttatgtgagg aaatgctact aatatctgaa aagtgaaaga tttctatgta
     2221 ttaactctta agtgcaccta gcttattaca tcgtgaaagg tacatttaaa atatgttaaa
     2281 ttggcttgaa attttcagag aattttgtct tcccctaatt cttcttcctt ggtctggaag
     2341 aacaatttct atgaattttc tctttatttt tttttataat tcagacaatt ctatgacccg
     2401 tgtcttcatt tttggcactc ttatttaaca atgccacacc tgaagcactt ggatctgttc
     2461 agagctgacc ccctagcaac gtagttgaca cagctccagg tttttaaatt actaaaataa
     2521 gttcaagttt acatcccttg ggccagatat gtgggttgag gcttgactgt agcatcctgc
     2581 ttagagacca atcaacggac actggttttt agacctctat caatcagtag ttagcatcca
     2641 agagactttg cagaggcgta ggaatgaggc tggacagatg gcggaagcag aggttccctg
     2701 cgaagacttg agatttagtg tctgtgaatg ttctagttcc taggtccagc aagtcacacc
     2761 tgccagtgcc ctcatcctta tgcctgtaac acacatgcag tgagaggcct cacatatacg
     2821 cctccctaga agtgccttcc aagtcagtcc tttggaaacc agcaggtctg aaaaagaggc
     2881 tgcatcaatg caagcctggt tggaccattg tccatgcctc aggatagaac agcctggctt
     2941 atttggggat ttttcttcta gaaatcaaat gactgataag cattggatcc ctctgccatt
     3001 taatggcaat ggtagtcttt ggttagctgc aaaaatactc catttcaagt taaaaatgca
     3061 tcttctaatc catctctgca agctccctgt gtttccttgc cctttagaaa atgaattgtt
     3121 cactacaatt agagaatcat ttaacatcct gacctggtaa gctgccacac acctggcagt
     3181 ggggagcatc gctgtttcca atggctcagg agacaatgaa aagcccccat ttaaaaaaat
     3241 aacaaacatt ttttaaaagg cctccaatac tcttatggag cctggatttt tcccactgct
     3301 ctacaggctg tgactttttt taagcatcct gacaggaaat gttttcttct acatggaaag
     3361 atagacagca gccaaccctg atctggaaga cagggccccg gctggacaca cgtggaacca
     3421 agccagggat gggctggcca ttgtgtcccc gcaggagaga tgggcagaat ggccctagag
     3481 ttcttttccc tgagaaagga gaaaaagatg ggattgccac tcacccaccc acactggtaa
     3541 gggaggagaa tttgtgcttc tggagcttct caagggattg tgttttgcag gtacagaaaa
     3601 ctgcctgtta tcttcaagcc aggttttcga gggcacatgg gtcaccagtt gctttttcag
     3661 tcaatttggc cgggatggac taatgaggct ctaacactgc tcaggagacc cctgccctct
     3721 agttggttct gggctttgat ctcttccaac ctgcccagtc acagaaggag gaatgactca
     3781 aatgcccaaa accaagaaca cattgcagaa gtaagacaaa catgtatatt tttaaatgtt
     3841 ctaacataag acctgttctc tctagccatt gatttaccag gctttctgaa agatctagtg
     3901 gttcacacag agagagagag agtactgaaa aagcaactcc tcttcttagt cttaataatt
     3961 tactaaaatg gtcaactttt cattatcttt attataataa acctgatgct tttttttaga
     4021 actccttact ctgatgtctg tatatgttgc actgaaaagg ttaatattta atgttttaat
     4081 ttattttgtg tggtaagtta attttgattt ctgtaatgtg ttaatgtgat tagcagttat
     4141 tttccttaat atctgaatta tacttaaaga gtagtgagca atataagacg caattgtgtt
     4201 tttcagtaat gtgcattgtt attgagttgt actgtacctt atttggaagg atgaaggaat
     4261 gaatcttttt ttcctaaa
//
