LOCUS       NM_020126               2748 bp    mRNA    linear   PRI 20-AUG-2024
DEFINITION  Homo sapiens sphingosine kinase 2 (SPHK2), transcript variant 1,
            mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_020126
VERSION     NM_020126.5
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; MANE Select.
SOURCE      Homo sapiens (human)
  ORGANISM  Homo sapiens
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
            Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 2748)
  AUTHORS   Green,C.D., Brown,R.D.R., Uranbileg,B., Weigel,C., Saha,S.,
            Kurano,M., Yatomi,Y. and Spiegel,S.
  TITLE     Sphingosine kinase 2 and p62 regulation are determinants of sexual
            dimorphism in hepatocellular carcinoma
  JOURNAL   Mol Metab 86, 101971 (2024)
   PUBMED   38925249
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Sphingosine kinase 2 and p62 regulation are determinants
            of sexual dimorphism in hepatocellular carcinoma.
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 2748)
  AUTHORS   da Silva,G., Milan,T.M. and Leopoldino,A.M.
  TITLE     The accumulation of sphingosine kinase 2 disrupts the DNA damage
            response and promotes resistance to genotoxic agents
  JOURNAL   Gene 897, 148063 (2024)
   PUBMED   38048970
  REMARK    GeneRIF: The accumulation of sphingosine kinase 2 disrupts the DNA
            damage response and promotes resistance to genotoxic agents.
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 2748)
  AUTHORS   Yuan,R. and Wu,C.
  TITLE     YTHDF1-mediated sphingosine kinase 2 upregulation alleviates
            bupivacaine-induced neurotoxicity via the PI3K/AKT axis
  JOURNAL   Hum Exp Toxicol 43, 9603271231218707 (2024)
   PUBMED   38487884
  REMARK    GeneRIF: YTHDF1-mediated sphingosine kinase 2 upregulation
            alleviates bupivacaine-induced neurotoxicity via the PI3K/AKT axis.
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 2748)
  AUTHORS   Fugio,L.B., Silva,G., Ferraz,C.L., Trevisan,G.L.,
            Coeli-Lacchini,F.B., Garcia,C.B., Sousa,L.O., Malta,T.M., Gil,C.D.
            and Leopoldino,A.M.
  TITLE     Accumulation of sphingosine kinase 2 protein induces malignant
            transformation in oral keratinocytes associated with stemness,
            autophagy, senescence, and proliferation
  JOURNAL   Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res 1871 (1), 119616 (2024)
   PUBMED   37898377
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Accumulation of sphingosine kinase 2 protein induces
            malignant transformation in oral keratinocytes associated with
            stemness, autophagy, senescence, and proliferation.
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 2748)
  AUTHORS   Antoon,J.W., White,M.D., Slaughter,E.M., Driver,J.L., Khalili,H.S.,
            Elliott,S., Smith,C.D., Burow,M.E. and Beckman,B.S.
  TITLE     Targeting NFkB mediated breast cancer chemoresistance through
            selective inhibition of sphingosine kinase-2
  JOURNAL   Cancer Biol Ther 11 (7), 678-689 (2011)
   PUBMED   21307639
  REMARK    GeneRIF: pharmacological inhibition of Sphk2 with the orally
            bioavailable selective inhibitor, ABC294640, has therapeutic
            potential in the treatment of chemo- and endocrine therapy-
            resistant breast cancer.
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 2748)
  AUTHORS   Hait,N.C., Sarkar,S., Le Stunff,H., Mikami,A., Maceyka,M.,
            Milstien,S. and Spiegel,S.
  TITLE     Role of sphingosine kinase 2 in cell migration toward epidermal
            growth factor
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 280 (33), 29462-29469 (2005)
   PUBMED   15951439
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Sphingosine kinase 2 plays an important role in migration
            of MDA-MB-453 cells toward EGF.
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 2748)
  AUTHORS   Paugh,S.W., Payne,S.G., Barbour,S.E., Milstien,S. and Spiegel,S.
  TITLE     The immunosuppressant FTY720 is phosphorylated by sphingosine
            kinase type 2
  JOURNAL   FEBS Lett 554 (1-2), 189-193 (2003)
   PUBMED   14596938
  REMARK    GeneRIF: although both sphingosine kinase type 1 (SphK1) and type 2
            (SphK2) can phosphorylate FTY720 with low efficiency, SphK2 is much
            more effective than SphK1
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 2748)
  AUTHORS   Shu,X., Wu,W., Mosteller,R.D. and Broek,D.
  TITLE     Sphingosine kinase mediates vascular endothelial growth
            factor-induced activation of ras and mitogen-activated protein
            kinases
  JOURNAL   Mol Cell Biol 22 (22), 7758-7768 (2002)
   PUBMED   12391145
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 2748)
  AUTHORS   Xia,P., Wang,L., Moretti,P.A., Albanese,N., Chai,F., Pitson,S.M.,
            D'Andrea,R.J., Gamble,J.R. and Vadas,M.A.
  TITLE     Sphingosine kinase interacts with TRAF2 and dissects tumor necrosis
            factor-alpha signaling
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 277 (10), 7996-8003 (2002)
   PUBMED   11777919
  REMARK    Erratum:[J Biol Chem. 2011 Dec 9;286(49):42785]
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 2748)
  AUTHORS   Liu,H., Sugiura,M., Nava,V.E., Edsall,L.C., Kono,K., Poulton,S.,
            Milstien,S., Kohama,T. and Spiegel,S.
  TITLE     Molecular cloning and functional characterization of a novel
            mammalian sphingosine kinase type 2 isoform
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 275 (26), 19513-19520 (2000)
   PUBMED   10751414
COMMENT     REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The
            reference sequence was derived from BC006161.1.
            This sequence is a reference standard in the RefSeqGene project.
            
            On May 17, 2019 this sequence version replaced NM_020126.4.
            
            Summary: This gene encodes one of two sphingosine kinase isozymes
            that catalyze the phosphorylation of sphingosine into sphingosine
            1-phosphate. Sphingosine 1-phosphate mediates many cellular
            processes including migration, proliferation and apoptosis, and
            also plays a role in several types of cancer by promoting
            angiogenesis and tumorigenesis. The encoded protein may play a role
            in breast cancer proliferation and chemoresistance. Alternatively
            spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been
            observed for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2011].
            
            Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longest
            transcript and encodes the longest isoform (a). Variants 1 and 3
            both encode the same isoform (a).
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: SRR3476690.1085117.1, BC006161.1
                                           [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: single sample supports all introns
                                           SAMEA1965299, SAMEA1966682
                                           [ECO:0000348]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            MANE Ensembl match     :: ENST00000245222.9/ ENSP00000245222.3
            RefSeq Select criteria :: based on conservation, expression,
                                      longest protein
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: complete on the 3' end.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-2748              BC006161.1         216-2963
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..2748
                     /organism="Homo sapiens"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:9606"
                     /chromosome="19"
                     /map="19q13.33"
     gene            1..2748
                     /gene="SPHK2"
                     /gene_synonym="SK 2; SK-2; SPK 2; SPK-2"
                     /note="sphingosine kinase 2"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:56848"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:18859"
                     /db_xref="MIM:607092"
     exon            1..38
                     /gene="SPHK2"
                     /gene_synonym="SK 2; SK-2; SPK 2; SPK-2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            39..190
                     /gene="SPHK2"
                     /gene_synonym="SK 2; SK-2; SPK 2; SPK-2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             152..2116
                     /gene="SPHK2"
                     /gene_synonym="SK 2; SK-2; SPK 2; SPK-2"
                     /EC_number="2.7.1.91"
                     /note="isoform a is encoded by transcript variant 1"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="sphingosine kinase 2 isoform a"
                     /protein_id="NP_064511.2"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS12727.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:56848"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:18859"
                     /db_xref="MIM:607092"
                     /translation="MNGHLEAEEQQDQRPDQELTGSWGHGPRSTLVRAKAMAPPPPPL
                     AASTPLLHGEFGSYPARGPRFALTLTSQALHIQRLRPKPEARPRGGLVPLAEVSGCCT
                     LRSRSPSDSAAYFCIYTYPRGRRGARRRATRTFRADGAATYEENRAEAQRWATALTCL
                     LRGLPLPGDGEITPDLLPRPPRLLLLVNPFGGRGLAWQWCKNHVLPMISEAGLSFNLI
                     QTERQNHARELVQGLSLSEWDGIVTVSGDGLLHEVLNGLLDRPDWEEAVKMPVGILPC
                     GSGNALAGAVNQHGGFEPALGLDLLLNCSLLLCRGGGHPLDLLSVTLASGSRCFSFLS
                     VAWGFVSDVDIQSERFRALGSARFTLGTVLGLATLHTYRGRLSYLPATVEPASPTPAH
                     SLPRAKSELTLTPDPAPPMAHSPLHRSVSDLPLPLPQPALASPGSPEPLPILSLNGGG
                     PELAGDWGGAGDAPLSPDPLLSSPPGSPKAALHSPVSEGAPVIPPSSGLPLPTPDARV
                     GASTCGPPDHLLPPLGTPLPPDWVTLEGDFVLMLAISPSHLGADLVAAPHARFDDGLV
                     HLCWVRSGISRAALLRLFLAMERGSHFSLGCPQLGYAAARAFRLEPLTPRGVLTVDGE
                     QVEYGPLQAQMHPGIGTLLTGPPGCPGREP"
     exon            191..662
                     /gene="SPHK2"
                     /gene_synonym="SK 2; SK-2; SPK 2; SPK-2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            663..812
                     /gene="SPHK2"
                     /gene_synonym="SK 2; SK-2; SPK 2; SPK-2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            813..907
                     /gene="SPHK2"
                     /gene_synonym="SK 2; SK-2; SPK 2; SPK-2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            908..1023
                     /gene="SPHK2"
                     /gene_synonym="SK 2; SK-2; SPK 2; SPK-2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1024..2748
                     /gene="SPHK2"
                     /gene_synonym="SK 2; SK-2; SPK 2; SPK-2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      2721..2726
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="SPHK2"
                     /gene_synonym="SK 2; SK-2; SPK 2; SPK-2"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     polyA_site      2748
                     /gene="SPHK2"
                     /gene_synonym="SK 2; SK-2; SPK 2; SPK-2"
                     /note="major polyA site"
ORIGIN      
        1 agtggctccc ggaggacccg gcgggcccag tgttggagag ctgaaggtca ggccaggaca
       61 gtgagacctg actccttgct cctaccagcc tactatggct taagacccag ggccagggtc
      121 ccgttgatgt aacagagcag aggaccagca gatgaatgga caccttgaag cagaggagca
      181 gcaggaccag aggccagacc aggagctgac cgggagctgg ggccacgggc ctaggagcac
      241 cctggtcagg gctaaggcca tggccccgcc cccaccgcca ctggctgcca gcaccccgct
      301 cctccatggc gagtttggct cctacccagc ccgaggccca cgctttgccc tcacccttac
      361 atcgcaggcc ctgcacatac agcggctgcg ccccaaacct gaagccaggc cccggggtgg
      421 cctggtcccg ttggccgagg tctcaggctg ctgcaccctg cgaagccgca gcccctcaga
      481 ctcagcggcc tacttctgca tctacaccta ccctcggggc cggcgcgggg cccggcgcag
      541 agccactcgc accttccggg cagatggggc cgccacctac gaagagaacc gtgccgaggc
      601 ccagcgctgg gccactgccc tcacctgtct gctccgagga ctgccactgc ccggggatgg
      661 ggagatcacc cctgacctgc tacctcggcc gccccggttg cttctattgg tcaatccctt
      721 tgggggtcgg ggcctggcct ggcagtggtg taagaaccac gtgcttccca tgatctctga
      781 agctgggctg tccttcaacc tcatccagac agaacgacag aaccacgccc gggagctggt
      841 ccaggggctg agcctgagtg agtgggatgg catcgtcacg gtctcgggag acgggctgct
      901 ccatgaggtg ctgaacgggc tcctagatcg ccctgactgg gaggaagctg tgaagatgcc
      961 tgtgggcatc ctcccctgcg gctcgggcaa cgcgctggcc ggagcagtga accagcacgg
     1021 gggatttgag ccagccctgg gcctcgacct gttgctcaac tgctcactgt tgctgtgccg
     1081 gggtggtggc cacccactgg acctgctctc cgtgacgctg gcctcgggct cccgctgttt
     1141 ctccttcctg tctgtggcct ggggcttcgt gtcagatgtg gatatccaga gcgagcgctt
     1201 cagggccttg ggcagtgccc gcttcacact gggcacggtg ctgggcctcg ccacactgca
     1261 cacctaccgc ggacgcctct cctacctccc cgccactgtg gaacctgcct cgcccacccc
     1321 tgcccatagc ctgcctcgtg ccaagtcgga gctgacccta accccagacc cagccccgcc
     1381 catggcccac tcacccctgc atcgttctgt gtctgacctg cctcttcccc tgccccagcc
     1441 tgccctggcc tctcctggct cgccagaacc cctgcccatc ctgtccctca acggtggggg
     1501 cccagagctg gctggggact ggggtggggc tggggatgct ccgctgtccc cggacccact
     1561 gctgtcttca cctcctggct ctcccaaggc agctctacac tcacccgtct ccgaaggggc
     1621 ccccgtaatt cccccatcct ctgggctccc acttcccacc cctgatgccc gggtaggggc
     1681 ctccacctgc ggcccgcccg accacctgct gcctccgctg ggcaccccgc tgcccccaga
     1741 ctgggtgacg ctggaggggg actttgtgct catgttggcc atctcgccca gccacctagg
     1801 cgctgacctg gtggcagctc cgcatgcgcg cttcgacgac ggcctggtgc acctgtgctg
     1861 ggtgcgtagc ggcatctcgc gggctgcgct gctgcgcctt ttcttggcca tggagcgtgg
     1921 tagccacttc agcctgggct gtccgcagct gggctacgcc gcggcccgtg ccttccgcct
     1981 agagccgctc acaccacgcg gcgtgctcac agtggacggg gagcaggtgg agtatgggcc
     2041 gctacaggca cagatgcacc ctggcatcgg tacactgctc actgggcctc ctggctgccc
     2101 ggggcgggag ccctgaaact aaacaagctt ggtacccgcc gggggcgggg cctacattcc
     2161 aatggggcgg agcctgagct agggggtgtg gcctggctgc tagagttgtg gtggcagggg
     2221 ccctggcccc gtctcaggat tgcgctcgct ttcatgggac cagacgtgat gctggaaggt
     2281 gggcgtcgtc acggttaaag agaaatgggc tcgtcccgag ggtagtgcct gatcaatgag
     2341 ggcggggcct ggcgtctgat ctggggccgc ccttacgggg cagggctcag tcctgacgct
     2401 tgccacctgc tcctacccgg ccaggatggc tgagggcgga gtctatttta cgcgtcgccc
     2461 aatgacagga cctggaatgt actggctggg gtaggcctca gtgagtcggc cggtcagggc
     2521 ccgcagcctc gccccatcca ctccggtgcc tccatttagc tggccaatca gcccaggagg
     2581 ggcaggttcc ccggggccgg cgctaggatt tgcactaatg ttcctctccc cgcgggtggg
     2641 ggcggggaaa ttcatatccc ctgttcgtct catgcgcgtc ctccgtcccc aatctaaaaa
     2701 gcaattgaaa aggtctatgc aataaaggca gtcgcttcat tcctctca
//
