LOCUS       NM_030960               1453 bp    mRNA    linear   PRI 19-SEP-2024
DEFINITION  Homo sapiens sperm acrosome associated 1 (SPACA1), mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_030960
VERSION     NM_030960.3
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; MANE Select.
SOURCE      Homo sapiens (human)
  ORGANISM  Homo sapiens
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
            Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 1453)
  AUTHORS   Jin,H.J., Fan,Y., Yang,X., Dong,Y., Zhang,X.Z., Geng,X.Y., Yan,Z.,
            Wu,L., Ma,M., Li,B., Lyu,Q., Pan,Y., Liu,M., Kuang,Y. and Chen,S.R.
  TITLE     Disruption in CYLC1 leads to acrosome detachment, sperm head
            deformity, and male in/subfertility in humans and mice
  JOURNAL   Elife 13, 95054 (2024)
   PUBMED   38573307
  REMARK    Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 1453)
  AUTHORS   Zhang,T., Wang,J., Niu,W., Wang,F., Liu,J., Xing,Y., Jia,P.,
            Ren,X., Wang,J., Zang,W. and Chen,X.
  TITLE     Bioinformatic prediction of the structure and characteristics of
            human sperm acrosome membrane-associated protein 1 (hSAMP32) and
            evaluation of its antifertility function in vivo
  JOURNAL   Reprod Fertil Dev 32 (16), 1282-1292 (2020)
   PUBMED   33220718
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Bioinformatic prediction of the structure and
            characteristics of human sperm acrosome membrane-associated protein
            1 (hSAMP32) and evaluation of its antifertility function in vivo.
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 1453)
  AUTHORS   Luck,K., Kim,D.K., Lambourne,L., Spirohn,K., Begg,B.E., Bian,W.,
            Brignall,R., Cafarelli,T., Campos-Laborie,F.J., Charloteaux,B.,
            Choi,D., Cote,A.G., Daley,M., Deimling,S., Desbuleux,A., Dricot,A.,
            Gebbia,M., Hardy,M.F., Kishore,N., Knapp,J.J., Kovacs,I.A.,
            Lemmens,I., Mee,M.W., Mellor,J.C., Pollis,C., Pons,C.,
            Richardson,A.D., Schlabach,S., Teeking,B., Yadav,A., Babor,M.,
            Balcha,D., Basha,O., Bowman-Colin,C., Chin,S.F., Choi,S.G.,
            Colabella,C., Coppin,G., D'Amata,C., De Ridder,D., De Rouck,S.,
            Duran-Frigola,M., Ennajdaoui,H., Goebels,F., Goehring,L., Gopal,A.,
            Haddad,G., Hatchi,E., Helmy,M., Jacob,Y., Kassa,Y., Landini,S.,
            Li,R., van Lieshout,N., MacWilliams,A., Markey,D., Paulson,J.N.,
            Rangarajan,S., Rasla,J., Rayhan,A., Rolland,T., San-Miguel,A.,
            Shen,Y., Sheykhkarimli,D., Sheynkman,G.M., Simonovsky,E., Tasan,M.,
            Tejeda,A., Tropepe,V., Twizere,J.C., Wang,Y., Weatheritt,R.J.,
            Weile,J., Xia,Y., Yang,X., Yeger-Lotem,E., Zhong,Q., Aloy,P.,
            Bader,G.D., De Las Rivas,J., Gaudet,S., Hao,T., Rak,J.,
            Tavernier,J., Hill,D.E., Vidal,M., Roth,F.P. and Calderwood,M.A.
  TITLE     A reference map of the human binary protein interactome
  JOURNAL   Nature 580 (7803), 402-408 (2020)
   PUBMED   32296183
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 1453)
  AUTHORS   Kishida,K., Harayama,H., Kimura,F. and Murakami,T.
  TITLE     Individual differences in the distribution of sperm
            acrosome-associated 1 proteins among male patients of infertile
            couples; their possible impact on outcomes of conventional in vitro
            fertilization
  JOURNAL   Zygote 24 (5), 654-661 (2016)
   PUBMED   27185107
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Spaca1 role in male infertility.Distribution of SPACA1 in
            the sperm affects the outcomes of conventional in vitro
            fertilization.
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 1453)
  AUTHORS   Chen,X., Liu,X., Ren,X., Li,X., Wang,L. and Zang,W.
  TITLE     Discovery of human posterior head 20 (hPH20) and homo sapiens sperm
            acrosome associated 1 (hSPACA1) immunocontraceptive epitopes and
            their effects on fertility in male and female mice
  JOURNAL   Reprod Fertil Dev 28 (4), 416-427 (2016)
   PUBMED   25209425
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Human posterior head 20 (hPH20) and homo sapiens sperm
            acrosome associated 1 (hSPACA1) immunocontraceptive epitopes
            reduced fertility in male/female mice.
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 1453)
  AUTHORS   Vasan,R.S., Larson,M.G., Aragam,J., Wang,T.J., Mitchell,G.F.,
            Kathiresan,S., Newton-Cheh,C., Vita,J.A., Keyes,M.J.,
            O'Donnell,C.J., Levy,D. and Benjamin,E.J.
  TITLE     Genome-wide association of echocardiographic dimensions, brachial
            artery endothelial function and treadmill exercise responses in the
            Framingham Heart Study
  JOURNAL   BMC Med Genet 8 Suppl 1 (Suppl 1), S2 (2007)
   PUBMED   17903301
  REMARK    Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 1453)
  AUTHORS   Mungall,A.J., Palmer,S.A., Sims,S.K., Edwards,C.A., Ashurst,J.L.,
            Wilming,L., Jones,M.C., Horton,R., Hunt,S.E., Scott,C.E.,
            Gilbert,J.G., Clamp,M.E., Bethel,G., Milne,S., Ainscough,R.,
            Almeida,J.P., Ambrose,K.D., Andrews,T.D., Ashwell,R.I.,
            Babbage,A.K., Bagguley,C.L., Bailey,J., Banerjee,R., Barker,D.J.,
            Barlow,K.F., Bates,K., Beare,D.M., Beasley,H., Beasley,O.,
            Bird,C.P., Blakey,S., Bray-Allen,S., Brook,J., Brown,A.J.,
            Brown,J.Y., Burford,D.C., Burrill,W., Burton,J., Carder,C.,
            Carter,N.P., Chapman,J.C., Clark,S.Y., Clark,G., Clee,C.M.,
            Clegg,S., Cobley,V., Collier,R.E., Collins,J.E., Colman,L.K.,
            Corby,N.R., Coville,G.J., Culley,K.M., Dhami,P., Davies,J.,
            Dunn,M., Earthrowl,M.E., Ellington,A.E., Evans,K.A., Faulkner,L.,
            Francis,M.D., Frankish,A., Frankland,J., French,L., Garner,P.,
            Garnett,J., Ghori,M.J., Gilby,L.M., Gillson,C.J., Glithero,R.J.,
            Grafham,D.V., Grant,M., Gribble,S., Griffiths,C., Griffiths,M.,
            Hall,R., Halls,K.S., Hammond,S., Harley,J.L., Hart,E.A.,
            Heath,P.D., Heathcott,R., Holmes,S.J., Howden,P.J., Howe,K.L.,
            Howell,G.R., Huckle,E., Humphray,S.J., Humphries,M.D., Hunt,A.R.,
            Johnson,C.M., Joy,A.A., Kay,M., Keenan,S.J., Kimberley,A.M.,
            King,A., Laird,G.K., Langford,C., Lawlor,S., Leongamornlert,D.A.,
            Leversha,M., Lloyd,C.R., Lloyd,D.M., Loveland,J.E., Lovell,J.,
            Martin,S., Mashreghi-Mohammadi,M., Maslen,G.L., Matthews,L.,
            McCann,O.T., McLaren,S.J., McLay,K., McMurray,A., Moore,M.J.,
            Mullikin,J.C., Niblett,D., Nickerson,T., Novik,K.L., Oliver,K.,
            Overton-Larty,E.K., Parker,A., Patel,R., Pearce,A.V., Peck,A.I.,
            Phillimore,B., Phillips,S., Plumb,R.W., Porter,K.M., Ramsey,Y.,
            Ranby,S.A., Rice,C.M., Ross,M.T., Searle,S.M., Sehra,H.K.,
            Sheridan,E., Skuce,C.D., Smith,S., Smith,M., Spraggon,L.,
            Squares,S.L., Steward,C.A., Sycamore,N., Tamlyn-Hall,G., Tester,J.,
            Theaker,A.J., Thomas,D.W., Thorpe,A., Tracey,A., Tromans,A.,
            Tubby,B., Wall,M., Wallis,J.M., West,A.P., White,S.S.,
            Whitehead,S.L., Whittaker,H., Wild,A., Willey,D.J., Wilmer,T.E.,
            Wood,J.M., Wray,P.W., Wyatt,J.C., Young,L., Younger,R.M.,
            Bentley,D.R., Coulson,A., Durbin,R., Hubbard,T., Sulston,J.E.,
            Dunham,I., Rogers,J. and Beck,S.
  TITLE     The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6
  JOURNAL   Nature 425 (6960), 805-811 (2003)
   PUBMED   14574404
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 1453)
  AUTHORS   Hao,Z., Wolkowicz,M.J., Shetty,J., Klotz,K., Bolling,L., Sen,B.,
            Westbrook,V.A., Coonrod,S., Flickinger,C.J. and Herr,J.C.
  TITLE     SAMP32, a testis-specific, isoantigenic sperm acrosomal
            membrane-associated protein
  JOURNAL   Biol Reprod 66 (3), 735-744 (2002)
   PUBMED   11870081
  REMARK    GeneRIF: SAMP32 was associated with the inner acrosomal membrane
            and recombinant SAMP32 reacted with serum from an infertile man
            suggesting that it is isoantigenic
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 1453)
  AUTHORS   Abou-Haila,A. and Tulsiani,D.R.
  TITLE     Mammalian sperm acrosome: formation, contents, and function
  JOURNAL   Arch Biochem Biophys 379 (2), 173-182 (2000)
   PUBMED   10898932
  REMARK    Review article
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 1453)
  AUTHORS   Diekman,A.B., Norton,E.J., Westbrook,V.A., Klotz,K.L.,
            Naaby-Hansen,S. and Herr,J.C.
  TITLE     Anti-sperm antibodies from infertile patients and their cognate
            sperm antigens: a review. Identity between SAGA-1, the H6-3C4
            antigen, and CD52
  JOURNAL   Am J Reprod Immunol 43 (3), 134-143 (2000)
   PUBMED   10735589
  REMARK    Review article
COMMENT     VALIDATED REFSEQ: This record has undergone validation or
            preliminary review. The reference sequence was derived from
            AF203447.1, BC029488.1 and AL136096.7.
            
            On Nov 23, 2018 this sequence version replaced NM_030960.2.
            
            Summary: The correlation of anti-sperm antibodies with cases of
            unexplained infertility implicates a role for these antibodies in
            blocking fertilization. Improved diagnosis and treatment of
            immunologic infertility, as well as identification of proteins for
            targeted contraception, are dependent on the identification and
            characterization of relevant sperm antigens. The protein expressed
            by this gene is recognized by anti-sperm antibodies from infertile
            males. Furthermore, antibodies generated against the recombinant
            protein block in vitro fertilization. This protein localizes to the
            acrosomal membrane of spermatids and mature spermatozoa where it is
            thought to play a role in acrosomal morphogenesis and in sperm-egg
            binding and fusion, respectively. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008].
            
            Sequence Note: This RefSeq record was created from transcript and
            genomic sequence data to make the sequence consistent with the
            reference genome assembly. The genomic coordinates used for the
            transcript record were based on transcript alignments.
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: AF203447.1, BC029488.1 [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: single sample supports all introns
                                           SAMEA1968968, SAMEA2148093
                                           [ECO:0000348]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            MANE Ensembl match     :: ENST00000237201.2/ ENSP00000237201.1
            RefSeq Select criteria :: based on conservation, expression,
                                      longest protein
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: full length.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-337               AF203447.1         8-344
            338-838             BC029488.1         390-890
            839-1190            AF203447.1         846-1197
            1191-1197           AL136096.7         22000-22006
            1198-1447           AF203447.1         1204-1453
            1448-1453           AL136096.7         22257-22262
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..1453
                     /organism="Homo sapiens"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:9606"
                     /chromosome="6"
                     /map="6q15"
     gene            1..1453
                     /gene="SPACA1"
                     /gene_synonym="SAMP32; SPGF85"
                     /note="sperm acrosome associated 1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:81833"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:14967"
                     /db_xref="MIM:612739"
     exon            1..273
                     /gene="SPACA1"
                     /gene_synonym="SAMP32; SPGF85"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             66..950
                     /gene="SPACA1"
                     /gene_synonym="SAMP32; SPGF85"
                     /note="sperm acrosomal membrane-associated protein 32;
                     sperm acrosome membrane-associated protein 1"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="sperm acrosome membrane-associated protein 1
                     precursor"
                     /protein_id="NP_112222.1"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS5014.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:81833"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:14967"
                     /db_xref="MIM:612739"
                     /translation="MSPRGTGCSAGLLMTVGWLLLAGLQSARGTNVTAAVQDAGLAHE
                     GEGEEETENNDSETAENYAPPETEDVSNRNVVKEVEFGMCTVTCGIGVREVILTNGCP
                     GGESKCVVRVEECRGPTDCGWGKPISESLESVRLACIHTSPLNRFKYMWKLLRQDQQS
                     IILVNDSAILEVRKESHPLAFECDTLDNNEIVATIKFTVYTSSELQMRRSSLPATDAA
                     LIFVLTIGVIICVFIIFLLIFIIINWAAVKAFWGAKASTPEVQSEQSSVRYKDSTSLD
                     QLPTEMPGEDDALSEWNE"
     exon            274..330
                     /gene="SPACA1"
                     /gene_synonym="SAMP32; SPGF85"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            331..432
                     /gene="SPACA1"
                     /gene_synonym="SAMP32; SPGF85"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            433..539
                     /gene="SPACA1"
                     /gene_synonym="SAMP32; SPGF85"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            540..675
                     /gene="SPACA1"
                     /gene_synonym="SAMP32; SPGF85"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            676..796
                     /gene="SPACA1"
                     /gene_synonym="SAMP32; SPGF85"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            797..1453
                     /gene="SPACA1"
                     /gene_synonym="SAMP32; SPGF85"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      1017..1022
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="SPACA1"
                     /gene_synonym="SAMP32; SPGF85"
                     /note="hexamer: AATACA"
     polyA_site      1038
                     /gene="SPACA1"
                     /gene_synonym="SAMP32; SPGF85"
                     /note="major polyA site"
     regulatory      1428..1433
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="SPACA1"
                     /gene_synonym="SAMP32; SPGF85"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     polyA_site      1453
                     /gene="SPACA1"
                     /gene_synonym="SAMP32; SPGF85"
ORIGIN      
        1 gacgtacctg tcctcaggag ccgcggcggc gactgcgcct cggacggccg tcggggccga
       61 gaaccatgag ccccaggggc acgggctgct ccgccgggct gctgatgact gtcggctggc
      121 tgcttctggc gggcctccag tccgcgcgcg ggaccaacgt caccgctgcc gtccaggatg
      181 ccggcctggc ccacgaaggc gagggcgagg aggagaccga aaacaacgac agcgagaccg
      241 cggagaacta cgctccgcct gaaaccgagg atgtttcaaa taggaatgtc gtcaaagaag
      301 tagaattcgg aatgtgcacc gttacatgtg gtattggtgt tagagaagtt atattaacaa
      361 atggatgccc tggtggtgaa tccaagtgtg ttgtacgggt agaagaatgc cgtggaccaa
      421 cagattgtgg ctggggtaaa ccaatttcag aaagtcttga aagtgttaga ttggcatgta
      481 ttcacacatc tcccttaaat cgtttcaaat atatgtggaa acttctaaga caagaccaac
      541 aatccattat acttgtaaat gattcagcaa tcctagaagt acgcaaggaa agtcacccct
      601 tggctttcga gtgtgacaca ctggataata atgaaatagt agcaactatt aaattcacag
      661 tctatacgag cagtgaattg cagatgagaa gatcaagcct accagccact gatgcagccc
      721 taatttttgt gctgaccata ggagtcatta tctgtgtatt tataattttc ttattgatct
      781 tcataatcat aaattgggca gcagtcaagg ctttctgggg ggcaaaagcc tctacacctg
      841 aggtacaatc cgagcagagt tctgtgagat acaaagattc aacttctctt gaccaattac
      901 caacagaaat gcctggtgaa gatgatgctt taagtgaatg gaatgaatga tgtttgaatg
      961 atatataaca aaccaaagga tattacagaa tattagattc attattacaa aaataaaata
     1021 cacattgaaa tactttaata atgttgcgat ggattgccac agtgtgaagg aaatgcagtg
     1081 tggggatagg actattttat cagtgcattt ttccagtaca gttatcaaat attactttta
     1141 atttgttctc aacacttatt tcaggtaata gcttggggat atttatctaa aggtaccccc
     1201 aacaaatctt ctaagtgcat ttttgatcac tttgataact tcttaggtga tttgcctgtt
     1261 ttgtcttaaa taagaacaat gtaatataga aatgctttac atattagact ttctctcccc
     1321 tggaagcact gggttgaact tgctaaagta aatcatactt tagaatctct tcagggaatg
     1381 tgacatacaa agtttgtaag acatgaagta ataacgataa tgataacaat aaatgcttac
     1441 ttagtgacta cta
//
