LOCUS       NM_033125               1959 bp    mRNA    linear   PRI 01-JUN-2024
DEFINITION  Homo sapiens solute carrier family 22 member 16 (SLC22A16), mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_033125
VERSION     NM_033125.4
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; MANE Select.
SOURCE      Homo sapiens (human)
  ORGANISM  Homo sapiens
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
            Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 1959)
  AUTHORS   Takeuchi,A., Oguri,T., Fukuda,S., Sone,K., Kagawa,Y., Uemura,T.,
            Takakuwa,O., Maeno,K., Fukumitsu,K., Kanemitsu,Y., Tajiri,T.,
            Ohkubo,H., Takemura,M., Ito,Y. and Niimi,A.
  TITLE     Variants of SLC22A16 Predict the Efficacy of Platinum Combination
            Chemotherapy in Advanced Non-small-cell Lung Cancer
  JOURNAL   Anticancer Res 40 (8), 4245-4251 (2020)
   PUBMED   32727751
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Variants of SLC22A16 Predict the Efficacy of Platinum
            Combination Chemotherapy in Advanced Non-small-cell Lung Cancer.
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 1959)
  AUTHORS   Zhao,W., Wang,Y. and Yue,X.
  TITLE     SLC22A16 upregulation is an independent unfavorable prognostic
            indicator in gastric cancer
  JOURNAL   Future Oncol 14 (21), 2139-2148 (2018)
   PUBMED   29698084
  REMARK    GeneRIF: SLC22A16 DNA hypomethylation might be a compensation for
            DNA loss to maintain SLC22A16 elevation in GC. SLC22A16 might be a
            valuable prognostic marker in GC.
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 1959)
  AUTHORS   Faraji,A., Dehghan Manshadi,H.R., Mobaraki,M., Zare,M. and
            Houshmand,M.
  TITLE     Association of ABCB1 and SLC22A16 Gene Polymorphisms with Incidence
            of Doxorubicin-Induced Febrile Neutropenia: A Survey of Iranian
            Breast Cancer Patients
  JOURNAL   PLoS One 11 (12), e0168519 (2016)
   PUBMED   28036387
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Allele C of ABCB1 and allele A of SLC22A16 tended to have
            a greater association with grade 3/4 febrile neutropenia.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 1959)
  AUTHORS   Mizoshiri,N., Kishida,T., Yamamoto,K., Shirai,T., Terauchi,R.,
            Tsuchida,S., Mori,Y., Ejima,A., Sato,Y., Arai,Y., Fujiwara,H.,
            Yamamoto,T., Kanamura,N., Mazda,O. and Kubo,T.
  TITLE     Transduction of Oct6 or Oct9 gene concomitant with Myc family gene
            induced osteoblast-like phenotypic conversion in normal human
            fibroblasts
  JOURNAL   Biochem Biophys Res Commun 467 (4), 1110-1116 (2015)
   PUBMED   26499074
  REMARK    GeneRIF: findings may greatly contribute to the elucidation of the
            roles of the Oct and Myc proteins in osteoblast direct
            reprogramming. The results may also lead to establishment of novel
            regenerative therapy for various bone resorption diseases
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 1959)
  AUTHORS   Novak,A.J., Asmann,Y.W., Maurer,M.J., Wang,C., Slager,S.L.,
            Hodge,L.S., Manske,M., Price-Troska,T., Yang,Z.Z., Zimmermann,M.T.,
            Nowakowski,G.S., Ansell,S.M., Witzig,T.E., McPhail,E.,
            Ketterling,R., Feldman,A.L., Dogan,A., Link,B.K., Habermann,T.M.
            and Cerhan,J.R.
  TITLE     Whole-exome analysis reveals novel somatic genomic alterations
            associated with outcome in immunochemotherapy-treated diffuse large
            B-cell lymphoma
  JOURNAL   Blood Cancer J 5 (8), e346 (2015)
   PUBMED   26314988
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Deletions in SLC22A16, a doxorubicin transporter, are
            associated with a failure to achieve event free survival in
            immunochemotherapy-treated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 1959)
  AUTHORS   Sato,N., Ito,K., Onogawa,T., Akahira,J., Unno,M., Abe,T.,
            Niikura,H. and Yaegashi,N.
  TITLE     Expression of organic cation transporter SLC22A16 in human
            endometria
  JOURNAL   Int J Gynecol Pathol 26 (1), 53-60 (2007)
   PUBMED   17197897
  REMARK    GeneRIF: may be possible to use progestins to increase the response
            of endometrioid endometrial carcinoma with SLC22A16 expression to
            adriamycin-based chemotherapeutic regimens
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 1959)
  AUTHORS   Okabe,M., Unno,M., Harigae,H., Kaku,M., Okitsu,Y., Sasaki,T.,
            Mizoi,T., Shiiba,K., Takanaga,H., Terasaki,T., Matsuno,S.,
            Sasaki,I., Ito,S. and Abe,T.
  TITLE     Characterization of the organic cation transporter SLC22A16: a
            doxorubicin importer
  JOURNAL   Biochem Biophys Res Commun 333 (3), 754-762 (2005)
   PUBMED   15963465
  REMARK    GeneRIF: cytotoxic assays, stable transfectants of leukemic Jurkat
            cells overexpressing SLC22A16 cells became significantly more
            sensitive to doxorubicin
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 1959)
  AUTHORS   Eraly,S.A. and Nigam,S.K.
  TITLE     Novel human cDNAs homologous to Drosophila Orct and mammalian
            carnitine transporters
  JOURNAL   Biochem Biophys Res Commun 297 (5), 1159-1166 (2002)
   PUBMED   12372408
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Flipts might have a role in carnitine transport,
            particularly in brain
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 1959)
  AUTHORS   Gong,S., Lu,X., Xu,Y., Swiderski,C.F., Jordan,C.T. and Moscow,J.A.
  TITLE     Identification of OCT6 as a novel organic cation transporter
            preferentially expressed in hematopoietic cells and leukemias
  JOURNAL   Exp Hematol 30 (10), 1162-1169 (2002)
   PUBMED   12384147
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Identification as a novel organic cation transporter
            preferentially expressed in hematopoietic cells and leukemias
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 1959)
  AUTHORS   Enomoto,A., Wempe,M.F., Tsuchida,H., Shin,H.J., Cha,S.H., Anzai,N.,
            Goto,A., Sakamoto,A., Niwa,T., Kanai,Y., Anders,M.W. and Endou,H.
  TITLE     Molecular identification of a novel carnitine transporter specific
            to human testis. Insights into the mechanism of carnitine
            recognition
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 277 (39), 36262-36271 (2002)
   PUBMED   12089149
  REMARK    GeneRIF: identification, expression and function of human CT2 as a
            carnitine transporter in testis mediating transport of l-carnitine
COMMENT     VALIDATED REFSEQ: This record has undergone validation or
            preliminary review. The reference sequence was derived from
            BC047565.1 and AI632467.1.
            
            On Nov 22, 2018 this sequence version replaced NM_033125.3.
            
            Summary: This gene encodes a member of the organic zwitterion
            transporter protein family which transports carnitine. The encoded
            protein has also been shown to transport anticancer drugs like
            bleomycin (PMID: 20037140) successful treatment has been correlated
            with the level of activity of this transporter in tumor cells.
            [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2011].
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: BC047565.1, GQ472228.1 [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: single sample supports all introns
                                           SAMEA2148874, SAMEA2158188
                                           [ECO:0000348]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            MANE Ensembl match     :: ENST00000368919.8/ ENSP00000357915.3
            RefSeq Select criteria :: based on conservation, longest protein
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: full length.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-1943              BC047565.1         29-1971
            1944-1959           AI632467.1         11-26               c
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..1959
                     /organism="Homo sapiens"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:9606"
                     /chromosome="6"
                     /map="6q21"
     gene            1..1959
                     /gene="SLC22A16"
                     /gene_synonym="CT2; dJ261K5.1; FLIPT2; HEL-S-18; OAT6;
                     OCT6; OKB1"
                     /note="solute carrier family 22 member 16"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:85413"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:20302"
                     /db_xref="MIM:608276"
     exon            1..92
                     /gene="SLC22A16"
                     /gene_synonym="CT2; dJ261K5.1; FLIPT2; HEL-S-18; OAT6;
                     OCT6; OKB1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             40..1773
                     /gene="SLC22A16"
                     /gene_synonym="CT2; dJ261K5.1; FLIPT2; HEL-S-18; OAT6;
                     OCT6; OKB1"
                     /note="solute carrier family 22 (organic cation
                     transporter), member 16; carnitine transporter 2; fly-like
                     putative organic ion transporter 2; organic cation
                     transporter 6; WUGSC:RG331P03.1; flipt 2; solute carrier
                     family 22 (organic cation/carnitine transporter), member
                     16; fly-like putative transporter 2; organic cation
                     transporter OKB1; organic cation/carnitine transporter 6;
                     epididymis secretory protein Li 18"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="solute carrier family 22 member 16"
                     /protein_id="NP_149116.2"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS5084.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:85413"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:20302"
                     /db_xref="MIM:608276"
                     /translation="MGSRHFEGIYDHVGHFGRFQRVLYFICAFQNISCGIHYLASVFM
                     GVTPHHVCRPPGNVSQVVFHNHSNWSLEDTGALLSSGQKDYVTVQLQNGEIWELSRCS
                     RNKRENTSSLGYEYTGSKKEFPCVDGYIYDQNTWKSTAVTQWNLVCDRKWLAMLIQPL
                     FMFGVLLGSVTFGYFSDRLGRRVVLWATSSSMFLFGIAAAFAVDYYTFMAARFFLAMV
                     ASGYLVVGFVYVMEFIGMKSRTWASVHLHSFFAVGTLLVALTGYLVRTWWLYQMILST
                     VTVPFILCCWVLPETPFWLLSEGRYEEAQKIVDIMAKWNRASSCKLSELLSLDLQGPV
                     SNSPTEVQKHNLSYLFYNWSITKRTLTVWLIWFTGSLGFYSFSLNSVNLGGNEYLNLF
                     LLGVVEIPAYTFVCIAMDKVGRRTVLAYSLFCSALACGVVMVIPQKHYILGVVTAMVG
                     KFAIGAAFGLIYLYTAELYPTIVRSLAVGSGSMVCRLASILAPFSVDLSSIWIFIPQL
                     FVGTMALLSGVLTLKLPETLGKRLATTWEEAAKLESENESKSSKLLLTTNNSGLEKTE
                     AITPRDSGLGE"
     exon            93..572
                     /gene="SLC22A16"
                     /gene_synonym="CT2; dJ261K5.1; FLIPT2; HEL-S-18; OAT6;
                     OCT6; OKB1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            573..690
                     /gene="SLC22A16"
                     /gene_synonym="CT2; dJ261K5.1; FLIPT2; HEL-S-18; OAT6;
                     OCT6; OKB1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            691..1222
                     /gene="SLC22A16"
                     /gene_synonym="CT2; dJ261K5.1; FLIPT2; HEL-S-18; OAT6;
                     OCT6; OKB1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1223..1350
                     /gene="SLC22A16"
                     /gene_synonym="CT2; dJ261K5.1; FLIPT2; HEL-S-18; OAT6;
                     OCT6; OKB1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1351..1460
                     /gene="SLC22A16"
                     /gene_synonym="CT2; dJ261K5.1; FLIPT2; HEL-S-18; OAT6;
                     OCT6; OKB1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1461..1560
                     /gene="SLC22A16"
                     /gene_synonym="CT2; dJ261K5.1; FLIPT2; HEL-S-18; OAT6;
                     OCT6; OKB1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1561..1959
                     /gene="SLC22A16"
                     /gene_synonym="CT2; dJ261K5.1; FLIPT2; HEL-S-18; OAT6;
                     OCT6; OKB1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      1924..1929
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="SLC22A16"
                     /gene_synonym="CT2; dJ261K5.1; FLIPT2; HEL-S-18; OAT6;
                     OCT6; OKB1"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     polyA_site      1959
                     /gene="SLC22A16"
                     /gene_synonym="CT2; dJ261K5.1; FLIPT2; HEL-S-18; OAT6;
                     OCT6; OKB1"
                     /note="major polyA site"
ORIGIN      
        1 ggagctcggc taactcggcg cccagtgcac ggccgcacca tggggtcccg ccacttcgag
       61 gggatttatg accacgtggg gcacttcggc agattccaga gagtcctcta tttcatatgt
      121 gccttccaga acatctcttg tggtattcac tacttggctt ctgtgttcat gggagtcacc
      181 cctcatcatg tctgcaggcc cccaggcaat gtgagtcagg ttgttttcca taatcactct
      241 aattggagtt tggaggacac cggggccctg ttgtcttcag gccagaaaga ttatgttacg
      301 gtgcagttgc agaatggtga gatctgggag ctctcaaggt gtagcaggaa taagagggag
      361 aacacatcga gtttgggcta tgaatacact ggcagtaaga aagagtttcc ttgtgtggat
      421 ggctacatat atgaccagaa cacatggaaa agcactgcgg tgacccagtg gaacctggtc
      481 tgtgaccgaa aatggcttgc aatgctgatc cagcccctat ttatgtttgg agtcctactg
      541 ggatcggtga cttttggcta cttttctgac aggctaggac gccgggtggt cttgtgggcc
      601 acaagcagta gcatgttttt gtttggaata gcagcggcgt ttgcagttga ttattacacc
      661 ttcatggctg ctcgcttttt tcttgccatg gttgcaagtg gctatcttgt ggtggggttt
      721 gtctatgtga tggaattcat tggcatgaag tctcggacat gggcgtctgt ccatttgcat
      781 tccttttttg cagttggaac cctgctggtg gctttgacag gatacttggt caggacctgg
      841 tggctttacc agatgatcct ctccacagtg actgtcccct ttatcctgtg ctgttgggtg
      901 ctcccagaga cacctttttg gcttctctca gagggacgat atgaagaagc acaaaaaata
      961 gttgacatca tggccaagtg gaacagggca agctcctgta aactgtcaga acttttatca
     1021 ctggacctac aaggtcctgt tagtaatagc cccactgaag ttcagaagca caacctatca
     1081 tatctgtttt ataactggag cattacgaaa aggacactta ccgtttggct aatctggttc
     1141 actggaagtt tgggattcta ctcgttttcc ttgaattctg ttaacttagg aggcaatgaa
     1201 tacttaaacc tcttcctcct gggtgtagtg gaaattcccg cctacacctt cgtgtgcatc
     1261 gccatggaca aggtcgggag gagaacagtc ctggcctact ctcttttctg cagtgcactg
     1321 gcctgtggtg tcgttatggt gatcccccag aaacattata ttttgggtgt ggtgacagct
     1381 atggttggaa aatttgccat cggggcagca tttggcctca tttatcttta tacagctgag
     1441 ctgtatccaa ccattgtaag atcgctggct gtgggaagcg gcagcatggt gtgtcgcctg
     1501 gccagcatcc tggcgccgtt ctctgtggac ctcagcagca tttggatctt cataccacag
     1561 ttgtttgttg ggactatggc cctcctgagt ggagtgttaa cactaaagct tccagaaacc
     1621 cttgggaaac ggctagcaac tacttgggag gaggctgcaa aactggagtc agagaatgaa
     1681 agcaagtcaa gcaaattact tctcacaact aataatagtg ggctggaaaa aacggaagcg
     1741 attaccccca gggattctgg tcttggtgaa taaatgtgcc atgcctgctg tctagcacct
     1801 gaaatattat ttaccctaat gcctttgtat tagaggaatc ttattctcat ctcccatatg
     1861 ttgtttgtat gtctttttaa taaattttgt aagaaaattt taaagcaaat atgttataaa
     1921 agaaataaaa actaagatga aaattctcag ttttaaaaa
//
