LOCUS       NM_005412               2157 bp    mRNA    linear   PRI 24-OCT-2024
DEFINITION  Homo sapiens serine hydroxymethyltransferase 2 (SHMT2), transcript
            variant 1, mRNA; nuclear gene for mitochondrial product.
ACCESSION   NM_005412
VERSION     NM_005412.6
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; MANE Select.
SOURCE      Homo sapiens (human)
  ORGANISM  Homo sapiens
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
            Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 2157)
  AUTHORS   Qiao,Z., Li,Y., Li,S., Liu,S. and Cheng,Y.
  TITLE     Hypoxia-induced SHMT2 protein lactylation facilitates glycolysis
            and stemness of esophageal cancer cells
  JOURNAL   Mol Cell Biochem 479 (11), 3063-3076 (2024)
   PUBMED   38175377
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Hypoxia-induced SHMT2 protein lactylation facilitates
            glycolysis and stemness of esophageal cancer cells.
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 2157)
  AUTHORS   Han,T., Wang,Y., Cheng,M., Hu,Q., Wan,X., Huang,M., Liu,Y., Xun,W.,
            Xu,J., Wang,L., Luo,R., Yuan,Y., Wang,K. and Wang,J.
  TITLE     Phosphorylated SHMT2 Regulates Oncogenesis Through m6A Modification
            in Lung Adenocarcinoma
  JOURNAL   Adv Sci (Weinh) 11 (18), e2307834 (2024)
   PUBMED   38460155
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Phosphorylated SHMT2 Regulates Oncogenesis Through m[6]A
            Modification in Lung Adenocarcinoma.
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 2157)
  AUTHORS   Wu,A., Wang,X., Zhang,F., Yang,X., Quan,Y., Dong,J., Lai,Y.,
            Yang,D., Sun,J. and Wang,M.
  TITLE     YTHDF1 enhances stemness and chemoresistance in triple-negative
            breast cancer cells by upregulating SIAH2
  JOURNAL   Mol Carcinog 63 (3), 417-429 (2024)
   PUBMED   37983722
  REMARK    GeneRIF: YTHDF1 enhances stemness and chemoresistance in
            triple-negative breast cancer cells by upregulating SIAH2.
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 2157)
  AUTHORS   Shan,Y., Liu,D., Li,Y., Wu,C. and Ye,Y.
  TITLE     The expression and clinical significance of serine
            hydroxymethyltransferase2 in gastric cancer
  JOURNAL   PeerJ 12, e16594 (2024)
   PUBMED   38188143
  REMARK    GeneRIF: The expression and clinical significance of serine
            hydroxymethyltransferase2 in gastric cancer.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 2157)
  AUTHORS   Bennett,F.I. and Jackson,A.A.
  TITLE     Glycine is not formed through the amino transferase reaction in
            human or rat placenta
  JOURNAL   Placenta 19 (4), 329-331 (1998)
   PUBMED   9639330
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 2157)
  AUTHORS   Girgis,S., Nasrallah,I.M., Suh,J.R., Oppenheim,E., Zanetti,K.A.,
            Mastri,M.G. and Stover,P.J.
  TITLE     Molecular cloning, characterization and alternative splicing of the
            human cytoplasmic serine hydroxymethyltransferase gene
  JOURNAL   Gene 210 (2), 315-324 (1998)
   PUBMED   9573390
  REMARK    GeneRIF: This paper compares the mitochondrial and cytoplasmic
            forms of this enzyme and suggests that the two genes are a result
            of a single gene duplication.
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 2157)
  AUTHORS   Trakatellis,A., Dimitriadou,A. and Trakatelli,M.
  TITLE     Pyridoxine deficiency: new approaches in immunosuppression and
            chemotherapy
  JOURNAL   Postgrad Med J 73 (864), 617-622 (1997)
   PUBMED   9497969
  REMARK    Review article
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 2157)
  AUTHORS   Stover,P.J., Chen,L.H., Suh,J.R., Stover,D.M., Keyomarsi,K. and
            Shane,B.
  TITLE     Molecular cloning, characterization, and regulation of the human
            mitochondrial serine hydroxymethyltransferase gene
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 272 (3), 1842-1848 (1997)
   PUBMED   8999870
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 2157)
  AUTHORS   Garrow,T.A., Brenner,A.A., Whitehead,V.M., Chen,X.N., Duncan,R.G.,
            Korenberg,J.R. and Shane,B.
  TITLE     Cloning of human cDNAs encoding mitochondrial and cytosolic serine
            hydroxymethyltransferases and chromosomal localization
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 268 (16), 11910-11916 (1993)
   PUBMED   8505317
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 2157)
  AUTHORS   Waziri,R., Baruah,S. and Sherman,A.D.
  TITLE     Abnormal serine-glycine metabolism in the brains of schizophrenics
  JOURNAL   Schizophr Res 8 (3), 233-243 (1993)
   PUBMED   8435385
COMMENT     REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The
            reference sequence was derived from DC386590.1, BC011911.2 and
            BC091501.1.
            This sequence is a reference standard in the RefSeqGene project.
            
            On Nov 23, 2018 this sequence version replaced NM_005412.5.
            
            Summary: This gene encodes the mitochondrial form of a pyridoxal
            phosphate-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the reversible reaction
            of serine and tetrahydrofolate to glycine and 5,10-methylene
            tetrahydrofolate. The encoded product is primarily responsible for
            glycine synthesis. The activity of the encoded protein has been
            suggested to be the primary source of intracellular glycine. The
            gene which encodes the cytosolic form of this enzyme is located on
            chromosome 17. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript
            variants. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2009].
            
            Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the longest isoform
            (1).
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: SRR3476690.596213.1,
                                           SRR3476690.348619.1 [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: single sample supports all introns
                                           SAMEA1965299, SAMEA1966682
                                           [ECO:0000348]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            gene product(s) localized to mito. :: reported by MitoCarta
            MANE Ensembl match                 :: ENST00000328923.8/
                                                  ENSP00000333667.3
            RefSeq Select criteria             :: based on conservation,
                                                  expression, longest protein
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: full length.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-101               DC386590.1         140-240
            102-2153            BC011911.2         44-2095
            2154-2157           BC091501.1         2016-2019
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..2157
                     /organism="Homo sapiens"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:9606"
                     /chromosome="12"
                     /map="12q13.3"
     gene            1..2157
                     /gene="SHMT2"
                     /gene_synonym="GLYA; HEL-S-51e; mSHMT; NEDCASB; SHMT"
                     /note="serine hydroxymethyltransferase 2"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:6472"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:10852"
                     /db_xref="MIM:138450"
     exon            1..101
                     /gene="SHMT2"
                     /gene_synonym="GLYA; HEL-S-51e; mSHMT; NEDCASB; SHMT"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             69..1583
                     /gene="SHMT2"
                     /gene_synonym="GLYA; HEL-S-51e; mSHMT; NEDCASB; SHMT"
                     /EC_number="2.1.2.1"
                     /note="isoform 1 precursor is encoded by transcript
                     variant 1; glycine hydroxymethyltransferase; serine
                     aldolase; serine hydroxymethylase; threonine aldolase; GLY
                     A+; glycine auxotroph A, human complement for hamster;
                     serine methylase; epididymis secretory sperm binding
                     protein Li 51e; serine hydroxymethyltransferase 2
                     (mitochondrial); mitochondrial serine
                     hydroxymethyltransferase"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="serine hydroxymethyltransferase, mitochondrial
                     isoform 1 precursor"
                     /protein_id="NP_005403.2"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS8934.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:6472"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:10852"
                     /db_xref="MIM:138450"
                     /translation="MLYFSLFWAARPLQRCGQLVRMAIRAQHSNAAQTQTGEANRGWT
                     GQESLSDSDPEMWELLQREKDRQCRGLELIASENFCSRAALEALGSCLNNKYSEGYPG
                     KRYYGGAEVVDEIELLCQRRALEAFDLDPAQWGVNVQPYSGSPANLAVYTALLQPHDR
                     IMGLDLPDGGHLTHGYMSDVKRISATSIFFESMPYKLNPKTGLIDYNQLALTARLFRP
                     RLIIAGTSAYARLIDYARMREVCDEVKAHLLADMAHISGLVAAKVIPSPFKHADIVTT
                     TTHKTLRGARSGLIFYRKGVKAVDPKTGREIPYTFEDRINFAVFPSLQGGPHNHAIAA
                     VAVALKQACTPMFREYSLQVLKNARAMADALLERGYSLVSGGTDNHLVLVDLRPKGLD
                     GARAERVLELVSITANKNTCPGDRSAITPGGLRLGAPALTSRQFREDDFRRVVDFIDE
                     GVNIGLEVKSKTAKLQDFKSFLLKDSETSQRLANLRQRVEQFARAFPMPGFDEH"
     exon            102..299
                     /gene="SHMT2"
                     /gene_synonym="GLYA; HEL-S-51e; mSHMT; NEDCASB; SHMT"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            300..379
                     /gene="SHMT2"
                     /gene_synonym="GLYA; HEL-S-51e; mSHMT; NEDCASB; SHMT"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            380..580
                     /gene="SHMT2"
                     /gene_synonym="GLYA; HEL-S-51e; mSHMT; NEDCASB; SHMT"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            581..662
                     /gene="SHMT2"
                     /gene_synonym="GLYA; HEL-S-51e; mSHMT; NEDCASB; SHMT"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            663..785
                     /gene="SHMT2"
                     /gene_synonym="GLYA; HEL-S-51e; mSHMT; NEDCASB; SHMT"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            786..925
                     /gene="SHMT2"
                     /gene_synonym="GLYA; HEL-S-51e; mSHMT; NEDCASB; SHMT"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            926..1091
                     /gene="SHMT2"
                     /gene_synonym="GLYA; HEL-S-51e; mSHMT; NEDCASB; SHMT"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1092..1191
                     /gene="SHMT2"
                     /gene_synonym="GLYA; HEL-S-51e; mSHMT; NEDCASB; SHMT"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1192..1347
                     /gene="SHMT2"
                     /gene_synonym="GLYA; HEL-S-51e; mSHMT; NEDCASB; SHMT"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1348..1455
                     /gene="SHMT2"
                     /gene_synonym="GLYA; HEL-S-51e; mSHMT; NEDCASB; SHMT"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1456..2157
                     /gene="SHMT2"
                     /gene_synonym="GLYA; HEL-S-51e; mSHMT; NEDCASB; SHMT"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      1931..1936
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="SHMT2"
                     /gene_synonym="GLYA; HEL-S-51e; mSHMT; NEDCASB; SHMT"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     polyA_site      1948
                     /gene="SHMT2"
                     /gene_synonym="GLYA; HEL-S-51e; mSHMT; NEDCASB; SHMT"
                     /note="major polyA site"
     regulatory      2137..2142
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="SHMT2"
                     /gene_synonym="GLYA; HEL-S-51e; mSHMT; NEDCASB; SHMT"
                     /note="hexamer: AATGAA"
     polyA_site      2157
                     /gene="SHMT2"
                     /gene_synonym="GLYA; HEL-S-51e; mSHMT; NEDCASB; SHMT"
ORIGIN      
        1 cttcttccga cagcttgctg ccctagacca gagttggtgg ctggacctcc tgcgacttcc
       61 gagttgcgat gctgtacttc tctttgtttt gggcggctcg gcctctgcag agatgtgggc
      121 agctggtcag gatggccatt cgggctcagc acagcaacgc agcccagact cagactgggg
      181 aagcaaacag gggctggaca ggccaggaga gcctgtcgga cagtgatcct gagatgtggg
      241 agttgctgca gagggagaag gacaggcagt gtcgtggcct ggagctcatt gcctcagaga
      301 acttctgcag ccgagctgcg ctggaggccc tggggtcctg tctgaacaac aagtactcgg
      361 agggttatcc tggcaagaga tactatgggg gagcagaggt ggtggatgaa attgagctgc
      421 tgtgccagcg ccgggccttg gaagcctttg acctggatcc tgcacagtgg ggagtcaatg
      481 tccagcccta ctccgggtcc ccagccaacc tggccgtcta cacagccctt ctgcaacctc
      541 acgaccggat catggggctg gacctgcccg atgggggcca tctcacccac ggctacatgt
      601 ctgacgtcaa gcggatatca gccacgtcca tcttcttcga gtctatgccc tataagctca
      661 accccaaaac tggcctcatt gactacaacc agctggcact gactgctcga cttttccggc
      721 cacggctcat catagctggc accagcgcct atgctcgcct cattgactac gcccgcatga
      781 gagaggtgtg tgatgaagtc aaagcacacc tgctggcaga catggcccac atcagtggcc
      841 tggtggctgc caaggtgatt ccctcgcctt tcaagcacgc ggacatcgtc accaccacta
      901 ctcacaagac tcttcgaggg gccaggtcag ggctcatctt ctaccggaaa ggggtgaagg
      961 ctgtggaccc caagactggc cgggagatcc cttacacatt tgaggaccga atcaactttg
     1021 ccgtgttccc atccctgcag gggggccccc acaatcatgc cattgctgca gtagctgtgg
     1081 ccctaaagca ggcctgcacc cccatgttcc gggagtactc cctgcaggtt ctgaagaatg
     1141 ctcgggccat ggcagatgcc ctgctagagc gaggctactc actggtatca ggtggtactg
     1201 acaaccacct ggtgctggtg gacctgcggc ccaagggcct ggatggagct cgggctgagc
     1261 gggtgctaga gcttgtatcc atcactgcca acaagaacac ctgtcctgga gaccgaagtg
     1321 ccatcacacc gggcggcctg cggcttgggg ccccagcctt aacttctcga cagttccgtg
     1381 aggatgactt ccggagagtt gtggacttta tagatgaagg ggtcaacatt ggcttagagg
     1441 tgaagagcaa gactgccaag ctccaggatt tcaaatcctt cctgcttaag gactcagaaa
     1501 caagtcagcg tctggccaac ctcaggcaac gggtggagca gtttgccagg gccttcccca
     1561 tgcctggttt tgatgagcat tgaaggcacc tgggaaatga ggcccacaga ctcaaagtta
     1621 ctctccttcc ccctacctgg gccagtgaaa tagaaagcct ttctattttt tggtgcggga
     1681 gggaagacct ctcacttagg gcaagagcca ggtatagtct cccttcccag aatttgtaac
     1741 tgagaagatc ttttcttttt cctttttttg gtaacaagac ttagaaggag ggcccaggca
     1801 ctttctgttt gaacccctgt catgatcaca gtgtcagaga cgcgtcctct ttcttgggga
     1861 agttgaggag tgcccttcag agccagtagc aggcaggggt gggtaggcac cctccttcct
     1921 gtttttatct aataaaatgc taacctgccc tgagtttcca ttactgtggg tggggttccc
     1981 ctgggccaaa cagtgatttg tctccctcaa tgtgtacacc gctccgctcc caccaccgct
     2041 accacaagga cccccggggc tgcagcctcc tctttctgtc tctgatcaga gccgacacca
     2101 gacgtgatta gcaggcgcag caaattcaat ttgttaaatg aaattgtatt ttgccca
//
