LOCUS       NM_178565               3084 bp    mRNA    linear   PRI 01-JUN-2024
DEFINITION  Homo sapiens R-spondin 2 (RSPO2), transcript variant 1, mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_178565
VERSION     NM_178565.5
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; MANE Select.
SOURCE      Homo sapiens (human)
  ORGANISM  Homo sapiens
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
            Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 3084)
  AUTHORS   Macyczko,J.R., Wang,N., Zhao,J., Ren,Y., Lu,W., Ikezu,T.C.,
            Zhao,N., Liu,C.C., Bu,G. and Li,Y.
  TITLE     Suppression of Wnt/beta-Catenin Signaling Is Associated with
            Downregulation of Wnt1, PORCN, and Rspo2 in Alzheimer's Disease
  JOURNAL   Mol Neurobiol 60 (1), 26-35 (2023)
   PUBMED   36215026
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Suppression of Wnt/beta-Catenin Signaling Is Associated
            with Downregulation of Wnt1, PORCN, and Rspo2 in Alzheimer's
            Disease.
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 3084)
  AUTHORS   Yue,Z., Niu,X., Yuan,Z., Qin,Q., Jiang,W., He,L., Gao,J., Ding,Y.,
            Liu,Y., Xu,Z., Li,Z., Yang,Z., Li,R., Xue,X., Gao,Y., Yue,F.,
            Zhang,X.H., Hu,G., Wang,Y., Li,Y., Chen,G., Siwko,S., Gartland,A.,
            Wang,N., Xiao,J., Liu,M. and Luo,J.
  TITLE     RSPO2 and RANKL signal through LGR4 to regulate osteoclastic
            premetastatic niche formation and bone metastasis
  JOURNAL   J Clin Invest 132 (2) (2022)
   PUBMED   34847079
  REMARK    GeneRIF: RSPO2 and RANKL signal through LGR4 to regulate
            osteoclastic premetastatic niche formation and bone metastasis.
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 3084)
  AUTHORS   Dong,H., Sun,W., Shen,Y., Balaz,M., Balazova,L., Ding,L.,
            Loffler,M., Hamilton,B., Kloting,N., Bluher,M., Neubauer,H.,
            Klein,H. and Wolfrum,C.
  TITLE     Identification of a regulatory pathway inhibiting adipogenesis via
            RSPO2
  JOURNAL   Nat Metab 4 (1), 90-105 (2022)
   PUBMED   35027768
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Identification of a regulatory pathway inhibiting
            adipogenesis via RSPO2.
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 3084)
  AUTHORS   Samulenas,G., Smalinskiene,A., Rimdeika,R., Braziulis,K.,
            Fomkinas,M. and Paskevicius,R.
  TITLE     Evaluation of WNT Signaling Pathway Gene Variants WNT7B rs6519955,
            SFRP4 rs17171229 and RSPO2 rs611744 in Patients with Dupuytren's
            Contracture
  JOURNAL   Genes (Basel) 12 (9), 1293 (2021)
   PUBMED   34573275
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Evaluation of WNT Signaling Pathway Gene Variants WNT7B
            rs6519955, SFRP4 rs17171229 and RSPO2 rs611744 in Patients with
            Dupuytren's Contracture.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 3084)
  AUTHORS   Sun,R., He,L., Lee,H., Glinka,A., Andresen,C., Hubschmann,D.,
            Jeremias,I., Muller-Decker,K., Pabst,C. and Niehrs,C.
  TITLE     RSPO2 inhibits BMP signaling to promote self-renewal in acute
            myeloid leukemia
  JOURNAL   Cell Rep 36 (7), 109559 (2021)
   PUBMED   34407399
  REMARK    GeneRIF: RSPO2 inhibits BMP signaling to promote self-renewal in
            acute myeloid leukemia.
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 3084)
  AUTHORS   de Lau,W., Peng,W.C., Gros,P. and Clevers,H.
  TITLE     The R-spondin/Lgr5/Rnf43 module: regulator of Wnt signal strength
  JOURNAL   Genes Dev 28 (4), 305-316 (2014)
   PUBMED   24532711
  REMARK    Review article
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 3084)
  AUTHORS   Dolmans,G.H., Werker,P.M., Hennies,H.C., Furniss,D., Festen,E.A.,
            Franke,L., Becker,K., van der Vlies,P., Wolffenbuttel,B.H.,
            Tinschert,S., Toliat,M.R., Nothnagel,M., Franke,A., Klopp,N.,
            Wichmann,H.E., Nurnberg,P., Giele,H., Ophoff,R.A. and Wijmenga,C.
  CONSRTM   Dutch Dupuytren Study Group; German Dupuytren Study Group;
            LifeLines Cohort Study; BSSH-GODD Consortium
  TITLE     Wnt signaling and Dupuytren's disease
  JOURNAL   N Engl J Med 365 (4), 307-317 (2011)
   PUBMED   21732829
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 3084)
  AUTHORS   Chua,A.W., Ma,D., Gan,S.U., Fu,Z., Han,H.C., Song,C., Sabapathy,K.
            and Phan,T.T.
  TITLE     The role of R-spondin2 in keratinocyte proliferation and epidermal
            thickening in keloid scarring
  JOURNAL   J Invest Dermatol 131 (3), 644-654 (2011)
   PUBMED   21160497
  REMARK    GeneRIF: There is a role for R-spondin2 in keratinocyte
            proliferation and epidermal thickening in keloid scarring.
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 3084)
  AUTHORS   Kim,K.A., Zhao,J., Andarmani,S., Kakitani,M., Oshima,T.,
            Binnerts,M.E., Abo,A., Tomizuka,K. and Funk,W.D.
  TITLE     R-Spondin proteins: a novel link to beta-catenin activation
  JOURNAL   Cell Cycle 5 (1), 23-26 (2006)
   PUBMED   16357527
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 3084)
  AUTHORS   Kazanskaya,O., Glinka,A., del Barco Barrantes,I., Stannek,P.,
            Niehrs,C. and Wu,W.
  TITLE     R-Spondin2 is a secreted activator of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling
            and is required for Xenopus myogenesis
  JOURNAL   Dev Cell 7 (4), 525-534 (2004)
   PUBMED   15469841
COMMENT     REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The
            reference sequence was derived from DA400238.1, AY358166.1,
            AK123027.1 and AC025508.7.
            This sequence is a reference standard in the RefSeqGene project.
            
            On Nov 22, 2018 this sequence version replaced NM_178565.4.
            
            Summary: This gene encodes a member of the R-spondin family of
            proteins. These proteins are secreted ligands of leucine-rich
            repeat containing G protein-coupled receptors that enhance Wnt
            signaling through the inhibition of ubiquitin E3 ligases. A
            chromosomal translocation including this locus that results in the
            formation of a gene fusion has been identified in multiple human
            cancers. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript
            variants. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2015].
            
            Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longest
            transcript and encodes the longest isoform (1).
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: SRR1660803.39961.1, AK123023.1
                                           [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: single sample supports all introns
                                           SAMEA1968540, SAMEA1968968
                                           [ECO:0000348]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            MANE Ensembl match     :: ENST00000276659.10/ ENSP00000276659.5
            RefSeq Select criteria :: based on conservation, expression,
                                      longest protein
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: full length.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-467               DA400238.1         66-532
            468-1149            AY358166.1         186-867
            1150-2372           AK123027.1         345-1567
            2373-3084           AC025508.7         109247-109958       c
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..3084
                     /organism="Homo sapiens"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:9606"
                     /chromosome="8"
                     /map="8q23.1"
     gene            1..3084
                     /gene="RSPO2"
                     /gene_synonym="CRISTIN2; HHRRD; TETAMS2"
                     /note="R-spondin 2"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:340419"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:28583"
                     /db_xref="MIM:610575"
     exon            1..424
                     /gene="RSPO2"
                     /gene_synonym="CRISTIN2; HHRRD; TETAMS2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            425..687
                     /gene="RSPO2"
                     /gene_synonym="CRISTIN2; HHRRD; TETAMS2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             594..1325
                     /gene="RSPO2"
                     /gene_synonym="CRISTIN2; HHRRD; TETAMS2"
                     /note="isoform 1 precursor is encoded by transcript
                     variant 1; roof plate-specific spondin-2; R-spondin 2
                     homolog"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="R-spondin-2 isoform 1 precursor"
                     /protein_id="NP_848660.3"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS6307.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:340419"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:28583"
                     /db_xref="MIM:610575"
                     /translation="MQFRLFSFALIILNCMDYSHCQGNRWRRSKRASYVSNPICKGCL
                     SCSKDNGCSRCQQKLFFFLRREGMRQYGECLHSCPSGYYGHRAPDMNRCARCRIENCD
                     SCFSKDFCTKCKVGFYLHRGRCFDECPDGFAPLEETMECVEGCEVGHWSEWGTCSRNN
                     RTCGFKWGLETRTRQIVKKPVKDTILCPTIAESRRCKMTMRHCPGGKRTPKAKEKRNK
                     KKKRKLIERAQEQHSVFLATDRANQ"
     exon            688..876
                     /gene="RSPO2"
                     /gene_synonym="CRISTIN2; HHRRD; TETAMS2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            877..1020
                     /gene="RSPO2"
                     /gene_synonym="CRISTIN2; HHRRD; TETAMS2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1021..1209
                     /gene="RSPO2"
                     /gene_synonym="CRISTIN2; HHRRD; TETAMS2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1210..3084
                     /gene="RSPO2"
                     /gene_synonym="CRISTIN2; HHRRD; TETAMS2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      3066..3071
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="RSPO2"
                     /gene_synonym="CRISTIN2; HHRRD; TETAMS2"
                     /note="hexamer: ATTAAA"
     polyA_site      3084
                     /gene="RSPO2"
                     /gene_synonym="CRISTIN2; HHRRD; TETAMS2"
                     /note="major polyA site"
ORIGIN      
        1 ggtctgcatc tccatcggaa agtgcgcttg ccacatccct tcggatcact tcgtcctccc
       61 gagagcgttc tgccttctac agctcggaaa gaaagaaatc ttagctgtga agtgaccgtg
      121 gagaaagcgc aggaagcgac acaattggtt agggaggcag agagtgtgag cgggcgcacc
      181 ccttgcctgg ggaccgcgct cgcgggcggg gacggagcat cccagtggct gcacccgccg
      241 ctccgcgctc ctgcctggcg tcgccaaccc cgcggcggcc gctggaattc cagagctgcc
      301 aggcgctccc agccggtctc ggcaaacttt tccccagccc acgtgctaac caagcggctc
      361 gcttcccgag cccgggatgg agcaccgcgc ctagggaggc cgcgccgccc gagacgtgcg
      421 cacggttcgt ggcggagaga tgctgatcgc gctgaactga ccggtgcggc ccgggggtga
      481 gtggcgagtc tccctctgag tcctccccag cagcgcggcc ggcgccggct ctttgggcga
      541 accctccagt tcctagactt tgagaggcgt ctctcccccg cccgaccgcc cagatgcagt
      601 ttcgcctttt ctcctttgcc ctcatcattc tgaactgcat ggattacagc cactgccaag
      661 gcaaccgatg gagacgcagt aagcgagcta gttatgtatc aaatcccatt tgcaagggtt
      721 gtttgtcttg ttcaaaggac aatgggtgta gccgatgtca acagaagttg ttcttcttcc
      781 ttcgaagaga agggatgcgc cagtatggag agtgcctgca ttcctgccca tccgggtact
      841 atggacaccg agccccagat atgaacagat gtgcaagatg cagaatagaa aactgtgatt
      901 cttgctttag caaagacttt tgtaccaagt gcaaagtagg cttttatttg catagaggcc
      961 gttgctttga tgaatgtcca gatggttttg caccattaga agaaaccatg gaatgtgtgg
     1021 aaggatgtga agttggtcat tggagcgaat ggggaacttg tagcagaaat aatcgcacat
     1081 gtggatttaa atggggtctg gaaaccagaa cacggcaaat tgttaaaaag ccagtgaaag
     1141 acacaatact gtgtccaacc attgctgaat ccaggagatg caagatgaca atgaggcatt
     1201 gtccaggagg gaagagaaca ccaaaggcga aggagaagag gaacaagaaa aagaaaagga
     1261 agctgataga aagggcccag gagcaacaca gcgtcttcct agctacagac agagctaacc
     1321 aataaaacaa gagatccggt agatttttag gggtttttgt ttttgcaaat gtgcacaaag
     1381 ctactctcca ctcctgcaca ctggtgtgca gcctttgtgc tgctctgccc agtatctgtt
     1441 cccagtaaca tggtgaaagg aagcaccacc agcatggccc ctgtgttatt tatgctttga
     1501 tttgaatctg gagactgtga aggcaggagt aagtgcacag cccgtgactt ggctcagtgt
     1561 gtgctgagag aatccgtccc cggcaccatg gacatgctag aggtgtgagg ctgcagaaca
     1621 ccgctggagg acggacttgt gcctatttat gtgaaagaag atgcttggca ggcaatgcgc
     1681 tactcactcg tgacctttat ttctcacatt gtgcattttc aaggatatgt ttgtgtggat
     1741 atctgcttag tgttaccaca tggtattctc agcatgttac cttcacactg ttgtgcgatg
     1801 aaactgcttt tagctgagga tatgctctgg aaattcctgc tcagtttcac tgcagcccta
     1861 atatgtacat atactgcagg agctacatat aaagctctta tttactgtat atttatgctt
     1921 tcttgtgggt aacaagtcat acctgattaa tatgatgcca ctttgtttct agtggttcct
     1981 aacccattgt ctgataaatg acttttctag tttggggaat tgacacttgt tttgttgcct
     2041 cttgaaactt tttttttttc ccctcattgt gggcttattt ctcattgtaa gggtaggata
     2101 aactagtttt tgtatataga gtcaaatgac cagtgtcaaa gagtttgcat attgggtaga
     2161 ccttctccac tccacatgtc ccacacatat agataaagca gcaggcggca tctggcaatc
     2221 agaagcccaa actgcctttg agtctaagat gtgatgactt tgatgaaaca caactgaaaa
     2281 catgagggac tatatccagt cacttgtagc cagtttcaca ggccagctac agaattgtcc
     2341 aaacaaacat tatttctgac tgcaattttt ttcccccaaa tttaaagcaa tccctggctt
     2401 taaatgacaa ggcacctacc aatgttcttg ggtcactgaa gaagctacta ccatgagcct
     2461 gggcatagaa ttttaggaga taaaaggatg aatttctgtg actgccagtc agatcttaac
     2521 aggtttctgt tgagccagaa tctgtttcag atccaagatg gagaggaaca ctatggaaac
     2581 ttcccaggtg actttcagag cagttgtttc aaacacatca ttgtcctttt aggggaacca
     2641 gtttttagaa ggttgtgaat tggctttttc acaaagcatg attatcttcc tggctgatcc
     2701 aggagaaaat tagaacagaa aaataatggt tgtggatttt gaaacaaagc aaggtaaagc
     2761 cttttttttt tcaccttgca ttggcaaaac tacctcttca gtgtttttaa cttttgattc
     2821 aaaagcatct taccaataag gataaatatc atatacatcg ttatgaaaat attgctatga
     2881 gataataagc cacatatgaa tgttgtatac aactttaggg tttacattta atcctgaagt
     2941 gttacctcct ttcatgtcta tttacactat tttcccattt actaagtggg gagggggtct
     3001 ccttatatag tgcttcatcg ttaataagtc aatacctgtt gttcctggga tgttcttttt
     3061 tgtgcattaa aaacttcaaa atta
//
