LOCUS       NM_002823               1215 bp    mRNA    linear   PRI 12-FEB-2025
DEFINITION  Homo sapiens prothymosin alpha (PTMA), transcript variant 2, mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_002823
VERSION     NM_002823.5
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; MANE Select.
SOURCE      Homo sapiens (human)
  ORGANISM  Homo sapiens
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
            Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 1215)
  AUTHORS   Geretz,A., Ehrenberg,P.K., Clifford,R.J., Laliberte,A., Prelli
            Bozzo,C., Eiser,D., Kundu,G., Yum,L.K., Apps,R., Creegan,M.,
            Gunady,M., Shangguan,S., Sanders-Buell,E., Sacdalan,C.,
            Phanuphak,N., Tovanabutra,S., Russell,R.M., Bibollet-Ruche,F.,
            Robb,M.L., Michael,N.L., Ake,J.A., Vasan,S., Hsu,D.C., Hahn,B.H.,
            Kirchhoff,F. and Thomas,R.
  TITLE     Single-cell transcriptomics identifies prothymosin alpha
            restriction of HIV-1 in vivo
  JOURNAL   Sci Transl Med 15 (707), eadg0873 (2023)
   PUBMED   37531416
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Single-cell transcriptomics identifies prothymosin alpha
            restriction of HIV-1 in vivo.
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 1215)
  AUTHORS   Passos,L.S.A., Jha,P.K., Becker-Greene,D., Blaser,M.C., Romero,D.,
            Lupieri,A., Sukhova,G.K., Libby,P., Singh,S.A., Dutra,W.O.,
            Aikawa,M., Levine,R.A., Nunes,M.C.P. and Aikawa,E.
  TITLE     Prothymosin Alpha: A Novel Contributor to Estradiol Receptor
            Alpha-Mediated CD8+ T-Cell Pathogenic Responses and Recognition of
            Type 1 Collagen in Rheumatic Heart Valve Disease
  JOURNAL   Circulation 145 (7), 531-548 (2022)
   PUBMED   35157519
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Prothymosin Alpha: A Novel Contributor to Estradiol
            Receptor Alpha-Mediated CD8(+) T-Cell Pathogenic Responses and
            Recognition of Type 1 Collagen in Rheumatic Heart Valve Disease.
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 1215)
  AUTHORS   Jiang,G., Yu,H., Li,Z. and Zhang,F.
  TITLE     lncRNA cytoskeleton regulator reduces non-small cell lung cancer
            radiosensitivity by downregulating miRNA-206 and activating
            prothymosin alpha
  JOURNAL   Int J Oncol 59 (5) (2021)
   PUBMED   34558643
  REMARK    GeneRIF: lncRNA cytoskeleton regulator reduces nonsmall cell lung
            cancer radiosensitivity by downregulating miRNA206 and activating
            prothymosin alpha.
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 1215)
  AUTHORS   Newcombe,E.A., Fernandes,C.B., Lundsgaard,J.E., Brakti,I.,
            Lindorff-Larsen,K., Langkilde,A.E., Skriver,K. and Kragelund,B.B.
  TITLE     Insight into Calcium-Binding Motifs of Intrinsically Disordered
            Proteins
  JOURNAL   Biomolecules 11 (8), 1173 (2021)
   PUBMED   34439840
  REMARK    Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 1215)
  AUTHORS   Jin,L., Zhu,L.Y., Pan,Y.L., Fu,H.Q. and Zhang,J.
  TITLE     Prothymosin alpha promotes colorectal carcinoma chemoresistance
            through inducing lipid droplet accumulation
  JOURNAL   Mitochondrion 59, 123-134 (2021)
   PUBMED   33872798
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Prothymosin alpha promotes colorectal carcinoma
            chemoresistance through inducing lipid droplet accumulation.
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 1215)
  AUTHORS   Barcia,M.G., Castro,J.M., Jullien,C.D., Gonzalez,C.G. and Freire,M.
  TITLE     Prothymosin alpha is phosphorylated by casein kinase-2
  JOURNAL   FEBS Lett 312 (2-3), 152-156 (1992)
   PUBMED   1426245
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 1215)
  AUTHORS   Manrow,R.E., Leone,A., Krug,M.S., Eschenfeldt,W.H. and Berger,S.L.
  TITLE     The human prothymosin alpha gene family contains several processed
            pseudogenes lacking deleterious lesions
  JOURNAL   Genomics 13 (2), 319-331 (1992)
   PUBMED   1612591
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 1215)
  AUTHORS   Baxevanis,C.N., Thanos,D., Reclos,G.J., Anastasopoulos,E.,
            Tsokos,G.C., Papamatheakis,J. and Papamichail,M.
  TITLE     Prothymosin alpha enhances human and murine MHC class II surface
            antigen expression and messenger RNA accumulation
  JOURNAL   J Immunol 148 (7), 1979-1984 (1992)
   PUBMED   1545115
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 1215)
  AUTHORS   Gallego,R., Roson,E., Garcia-Caballero,T., Fraga,M., Forteza,J.,
            Dominguez,F. and Beiras,A.
  TITLE     Prothymosin alpha expression in lymph nodes and tonsils: an optical
            and ultrastructural study
  JOURNAL   Acta Anat (Basel) 143 (3), 219-222 (1992)
   PUBMED   1632187
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 1215)
  AUTHORS   Cordero,O.J., Sarandeses,C.S., Lopez,J.L., Cancio,E., Regueiro,B.J.
            and Nogueira,M.
  TITLE     Prothymosin alpha enhances interleukin 2 receptor expression in
            normal human T-lymphocytes
  JOURNAL   Int J Immunopharmacol 13 (8), 1059-1065 (1991)
   PUBMED   1814846
COMMENT     VALIDATED REFSEQ: This record has undergone validation or
            preliminary review. The reference sequence was derived from
            BM839980.1, BC071879.1 and AC073476.6.
            
            On May 20, 2020 this sequence version replaced NM_002823.4.
            
            Transcript Variant: This variant (2) uses an alternate in-frame
            splice site in the mid-coding region, compared to variant 1,
            resulting in a shorter protein (isoform 2).
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: BC098420.1, AK223605.1 [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: single sample supports all introns
                                           SAMEA1965299, SAMEA1966682
                                           [ECO:0000348]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            MANE Ensembl match     :: ENST00000409115.8/ ENSP00000386819.3
            RefSeq Select criteria :: based on conservation, expression
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: complete on the 3' end.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-20                BM839980.1         1-20
            21-1205             BC071879.1         1-1185
            1206-1215           AC073476.6         41428-41437
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..1215
                     /organism="Homo sapiens"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:9606"
                     /chromosome="2"
                     /map="2q37.1"
     gene            1..1215
                     /gene="PTMA"
                     /gene_synonym="TMSA"
                     /note="prothymosin alpha"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:5757"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:9623"
                     /db_xref="MIM:188390"
     exon            1..227
                     /gene="PTMA"
                     /gene_synonym="TMSA"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             183..515
                     /gene="PTMA"
                     /gene_synonym="TMSA"
                     /note="isoform 2 is encoded by transcript variant 2; gene
                     sequence 28; prothymosin alpha protein; prothymosin-I+/-"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="prothymosin alpha isoform 2"
                     /protein_id="NP_002814.3"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS46541.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:5757"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:9623"
                     /db_xref="MIM:188390"
                     /translation="MSDAAVDTSSEITTKDLKEKKEVVEEAENGRDAPANGNANEENG
                     EQEADNEVDEEEEEGGEEEEEEEEGDGEEEDGDEDEEAESATGKRAAEDDEDDDVDTK
                     KQKTDEDD"
     exon            228..299
                     /gene="PTMA"
                     /gene_synonym="TMSA"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            300..393
                     /gene="PTMA"
                     /gene_synonym="TMSA"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            394..467
                     /gene="PTMA"
                     /gene_synonym="TMSA"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            468..1215
                     /gene="PTMA"
                     /gene_synonym="TMSA"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     polyA_site      526
                     /gene="PTMA"
                     /gene_synonym="TMSA"
                     /note="major polyA site"
     regulatory      1166..1171
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="PTMA"
                     /gene_synonym="TMSA"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     regulatory      1200..1205
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="PTMA"
                     /gene_synonym="TMSA"
                     /note="hexamer: AACAAA"
     polyA_site      1206
                     /gene="PTMA"
                     /gene_synonym="TMSA"
     polyA_site      1215
                     /gene="PTMA"
                     /gene_synonym="TMSA"
                     /note="major polyA site"
ORIGIN      
        1 cccccactgg ctgctctgaa aagccatctt tgcattgttc ctcatccgcc tccttgctcg
       61 ccgcagccgc ctccgccgcg cgcctcctcc gccgccgcgg actccggcag ctttatcgcc
      121 agagtccctg aactctcgct ttctttttaa tcccctgcat cggatcaccg gcgtgcccca
      181 ccatgtcaga cgcagccgta gacaccagct ccgaaatcac caccaaggac ttaaaggaga
      241 agaaggaagt tgtggaagag gcagaaaatg gaagagacgc ccctgctaac gggaatgcta
      301 atgaggaaaa tggggagcag gaggctgaca atgaggtaga cgaagaagag gaagaaggtg
      361 gggaggaaga ggaggaggaa gaagaaggtg atggtgagga agaggatgga gatgaagatg
      421 aggaagctga gtcagctacg ggcaagcggg cagctgaaga tgatgaggat gacgatgtcg
      481 ataccaagaa gcagaagacc gacgaggatg actagacagc aaaaaaggaa aagttaaact
      541 aaaaaaaaaa aggccgccgt gacctattca ccctccactt cccgtctcag aatctaaacg
      601 tggtcacctt cgagtagaga ggcccgcccg cccaccgtgg gcagtgccac ccgcagatga
      661 cacgcgctct ccaccaccca acccaaacca tgagaatttg caacagggga ggaaaaaaga
      721 accaaaactt ccaaggccct gctttttttc ttaaaagtac tttaaaaagg aaatttgttt
      781 gtatttttta tttacatttt atatttttgt acatattgtt agggtcagcc atttttaatg
      841 atctcggatg accaaaccag ccttcggagc gttctctgtc ctacttctga ctttacttgt
      901 ggtgtgacca tgttcattat aatctcaaag gagaaaaaaa accttgtaaa aaaagcaaaa
      961 atgacaacag aaaaacaatc ttattccgag cattccagta acttttttgt gtatgtactt
     1021 agctgtacta taagtagttg gtttgtatga gatggttaaa aaggccaaag ataaaaggtt
     1081 tctttttttt tccttttttg tctatgaagt tgctgtttat tttttttggc ctgtttgatg
     1141 tatgtgtgaa acaatgttgt ccaacaataa acaggaattt tattttgctg agttgttcta
     1201 acaaagctgt ctcaa
//
