LOCUS       NM_144956               1085 bp    mRNA    linear   PRI 10-FEB-2025
DEFINITION  Homo sapiens serine protease 21 (PRSS21), transcript variant 2,
            mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_144956
VERSION     NM_144956.3
KEYWORDS    RefSeq.
SOURCE      Homo sapiens (human)
  ORGANISM  Homo sapiens
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
            Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 1085)
  AUTHORS   Driesbaugh,K.H., Buzza,M.S., Martin,E.W., Conway,G.D., Kao,J.P. and
            Antalis,T.M.
  TITLE     Proteolytic activation of the protease-activated receptor (PAR)-2
            by the glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored serine protease
            testisin
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 290 (6), 3529-3541 (2015)
   PUBMED   25519908
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Testisin activates PAR-2, inducing PAR-2 loss from the
            cell surface, internalization, and cellular signaling.
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 1085)
  AUTHORS   Yeom,S.Y., Jang,H.L., Lee,S.J., Kim,E., Son,H.J., Kim,B.G. and
            Park,C.
  TITLE     Interaction of testisin with maspin and its impact on invasion and
            cell death resistance of cervical cancer cells
  JOURNAL   FEBS Lett 584 (8), 1469-1475 (2010)
   PUBMED   20211623
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Testisin may promote carcinogenesis by inhibiting tumor
            suppressor activity of maspin.
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 1085)
  AUTHORS   Netzel-Arnett,S., Bugge,T.H., Hess,R.A., Carnes,K., Stringer,B.W.,
            Scarman,A.L., Hooper,J.D., Tonks,I.D., Kay,G.F. and Antalis,T.M.
  TITLE     The glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored serine protease PRSS21
            (testisin) imparts murine epididymal sperm cell maturation and
            fertilizing ability
  JOURNAL   Biol Reprod 81 (5), 921-932 (2009)
   PUBMED   19571264
  REMARK    GeneRIF: These data suggest that aberrant regulation of PRSS21 may
            underlie certain secondary male infertility syndromes, such as
            'easily decapitated' spermatozoa in humans.
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 1085)
  AUTHORS   Kempkensteffen,C., Christoph,F., Weikert,S., Krause,H.,
            Kollermann,J., Schostak,M., Miller,K. and Schrader,M.
  TITLE     Epigenetic silencing of the putative tumor suppressor gene testisin
            in testicular germ cell tumors
  JOURNAL   J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 132 (12), 765-770 (2006)
   PUBMED   16810501
  REMARK    GeneRIF: The results demonstrate for the first time that aberrant
            methylation of specific CpG sites near the transcription initiation
            site is an important factor in testisin gene silencing in TGCT.
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 1085)
  AUTHORS   Manton,K.J., Douglas,M.L., Netzel-Arnett,S., Fitzpatrick,D.R.,
            Nicol,D.L., Boyd,A.W., Clements,J.A. and Antalis,T.M.
  TITLE     Hypermethylation of the 5' CpG island of the gene encoding the
            serine protease Testisin promotes its loss in testicular
            tumorigenesis
  JOURNAL   Br J Cancer 92 (4), 760-769 (2005)
   PUBMED   15685234
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Loss of Testisin is caused, at least in part, by DNA
            hypermethylation and histone deacetylation, and suggest a tumour
            suppressor role for Testisin in testicular tumorigenesis.
            Erratum:[Br J Cancer. 2015 Dec 1;113(11):1640. doi:
            10.1038/bjc.2015.384.. PMID: 26625217]
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 1085)
  AUTHORS   Hooper,J.D., Bowen,N., Marshall,H., Cullen,L.M., Sood,R.,
            Daniels,R., Stuttgen,M.A., Normyle,J.F., Higgs,D.R., Kastner,D.L.,
            Ogbourne,S.M., Pera,M.F., Jazwinska,E.C. and Antalis,T.M.
  TITLE     Localization, expression and genomic structure of the gene encoding
            the human serine protease testisin
  JOURNAL   Biochim Biophys Acta 1492 (1), 63-71 (2000)
   PUBMED   11004480
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 1085)
  AUTHORS   Inoue,M., Isobe,M., Itoyama,T. and Kido,H.
  TITLE     Structural analysis of esp-1 gene (PRSS 21)
  JOURNAL   Biochem Biophys Res Commun 266 (2), 564-568 (1999)
   PUBMED   10600542
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 1085)
  AUTHORS   Hooper,J.D., Nicol,D.L., Dickinson,J.L., Eyre,H.J., Scarman,A.L.,
            Normyle,J.F., Stuttgen,M.A., Douglas,M.L., Loveland,K.A.,
            Sutherland,G.R. and Antalis,T.M.
  TITLE     Testisin, a new human serine proteinase expressed by premeiotic
            testicular germ cells and lost in testicular germ cell tumors
  JOURNAL   Cancer Res 59 (13), 3199-3205 (1999)
   PUBMED   10397266
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 1085)
  AUTHORS   Inoue,M., Kanbe,N., Kurosawa,M. and Kido,H.
  TITLE     Cloning and tissue distribution of a novel serine protease esp-1
            from human eosinophils
  JOURNAL   Biochem Biophys Res Commun 252 (2), 307-312 (1998)
   PUBMED   9826525
COMMENT     REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The
            reference sequence was derived from AB031331.1, BI334059.1,
            BX454526.1 and AA860356.1.
            
            On Jun 1, 2019 this sequence version replaced NM_144956.2.
            
            Summary: This gene encodes a cell-surface anchored serine protease,
            which is a member of the trypsin family of serine proteases. The
            encoded protein is predicted to be active on peptide linkages
            involving the carboxyl group of lysine or arginine. The encoded
            protein localizes to the cytoplasm and the plasma membrane of
            premeiotic testicular germ cells and may be involved in progression
            of testicular tumors of germ cell origin. Alternatively spliced
            transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed
            for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2012].
            
            Transcript Variant: This variant (2) uses an alternate splice site
            in the coding region, but maintains the reading frame, compared to
            variant 1. The encoded isoform (2) is shorter than isoform 1.
            
            Sequence Note: This RefSeq record was created from transcript and
            genomic sequence data to make the sequence consistent with the
            reference genome assembly. The genomic coordinates used for the
            transcript record were based on transcript alignments.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: SRR1163657.63353.1,
                                           SRR1163657.279974.1 [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: single sample supports all introns
                                           SAMEA1968832, SAMEA1968968
                                           [ECO:0000348]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            COMPLETENESS: full length.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-201               AB031331.1         58-258
            202-787             BI334059.1         1-586
            788-1079            BX454526.1         1-292               c
            1080-1085           AA860356.1         8-13                c
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..1085
                     /organism="Homo sapiens"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:9606"
                     /chromosome="16"
                     /map="16p13.3"
     gene            1..1085
                     /gene="PRSS21"
                     /gene_synonym="ESP-1; ESP1; TEST1; TESTISIN"
                     /note="serine protease 21"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:10942"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:9485"
                     /db_xref="MIM:608159"
     exon            1..96
                     /gene="PRSS21"
                     /gene_synonym="ESP-1; ESP1; TEST1; TESTISIN"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             33..971
                     /gene="PRSS21"
                     /gene_synonym="ESP-1; ESP1; TEST1; TESTISIN"
                     /note="isoform 2 preproprotein is encoded by transcript
                     variant 2; serine protease from eosinophils; eosinophil
                     serine protease 1; protease, serine 21"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="testisin isoform 2 preproprotein"
                     /protein_id="NP_659205.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:10942"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:9485"
                     /db_xref="MIM:608159"
                     /translation="MGARGALLLALLLARAGLRKPESQEAAPLSGPCGRRVITSRIVG
                     GEDAELGRWPWQGSLRLWDSHVCGVSLLSHRWALTAAHCFETDLSDPSGWMVQFGQLT
                     SMPSFWSLQAYYTRYFVSNIYLSPRYLGNSPYDIALVKLSAPVTYTKHIQPICLQAST
                     FEFENRTDCWVTGWGYIKEDEALPSPHTLQEVQVAIINNSMCNHLFLKYSFRKDIFGD
                     MVCAGNAQGGKDACFGDSGGPLACNKNGLWYQIGVVSWGVGCGRPNRPGVYTNISHHF
                     EWIQKLMAQSGMSQPDPSWPLLFFPLLWALPLLGPV"
     exon            97..123
                     /gene="PRSS21"
                     /gene_synonym="ESP-1; ESP1; TEST1; TESTISIN"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            124..289
                     /gene="PRSS21"
                     /gene_synonym="ESP-1; ESP1; TEST1; TESTISIN"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            290..576
                     /gene="PRSS21"
                     /gene_synonym="ESP-1; ESP1; TEST1; TESTISIN"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            577..731
                     /gene="PRSS21"
                     /gene_synonym="ESP-1; ESP1; TEST1; TESTISIN"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            732..1085
                     /gene="PRSS21"
                     /gene_synonym="ESP-1; ESP1; TEST1; TESTISIN"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      1042..1047
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="PRSS21"
                     /gene_synonym="ESP-1; ESP1; TEST1; TESTISIN"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     polyA_site      1085
                     /gene="PRSS21"
                     /gene_synonym="ESP-1; ESP1; TEST1; TESTISIN"
                     /note="major polyA site"
ORIGIN      
        1 agagggggcg tcaggccgcg ggagaggagg ccatgggcgc gcgcggggcg ctgctgctgg
       61 cgctgctgct ggctcgggct ggactcagga agccggagtc gcaggaggcg gcgccgttat
      121 caggaccatg cggccgacgg gtcatcacgt cgcgcatcgt gggtggagag gacgccgaac
      181 tcgggcgttg gccgtggcag gggagcctgc gcctgtggga ttcccacgta tgcggagtga
      241 gcctgctcag ccaccgctgg gcactcacgg cggcgcactg ctttgaaact gaccttagtg
      301 atccctccgg gtggatggtc cagtttggcc agctgacttc catgccatcc ttctggagcc
      361 tgcaggccta ctacacccgt tacttcgtat cgaatatcta tctgagccct cgctacctgg
      421 ggaattcacc ctatgacatt gccttggtga agctgtctgc acctgtcacc tacactaaac
      481 acatccagcc catctgtctc caggcctcca catttgagtt tgagaaccgg acagactgct
      541 gggtgactgg ctgggggtac atcaaagagg atgaggcact gccatctccc cacaccctcc
      601 aggaagttca ggtcgccatc ataaacaact ctatgtgcaa ccacctcttc ctcaagtaca
      661 gtttccgcaa ggacatcttt ggagacatgg tttgtgctgg caatgcccaa ggcgggaagg
      721 atgcctgctt cggtgactca ggtggaccct tggcctgtaa caagaatgga ctgtggtatc
      781 agattggagt cgtgagctgg ggagtgggct gtggtcggcc caatcggccc ggtgtctaca
      841 ccaatatcag ccaccacttt gagtggatcc agaagctgat ggcccagagt ggcatgtccc
      901 agccagaccc ctcctggccg ctactctttt tccctcttct ctgggctctc ccactcctgg
      961 ggccggtctg agcctacctg agcccatgca gcctggggcc actgccaagt caggccctgg
     1021 ttctcttctg tcttgtttgg taataaacac attccagttg atgccttgca gggcattctt
     1081 caaaa
//
