LOCUS       NM_006255               3720 bp    mRNA    linear   PRI 13-FEB-2025
DEFINITION  Homo sapiens protein kinase C eta (PRKCH), mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_006255 NM_024064
VERSION     NM_006255.5
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; MANE Select.
SOURCE      Homo sapiens (human)
  ORGANISM  Homo sapiens
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
            Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 3720)
  AUTHORS   Jayaram,D.R., Frost,S., Argov,C., Liju,V.B., Anto,N.P.,
            Muraleedharan,A., Ben-Ari,A., Sinay,R., Smoly,I., Novoplansky,O.,
            Isakov,N., Toiber,D., Keasar,C., Elkabets,M., Yeger-Lotem,E. and
            Livneh,E.
  TITLE     Unraveling the hidden role of a uORF-encoded peptide as a kinase
            inhibitor of PKCs
  JOURNAL   Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 118 (40) (2021)
   PUBMED   34593629
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 3720)
  AUTHORS   Zhuang,Y., Di,Y., Huang,L. and Zhu,J.
  TITLE     PRKCH polymorphism is associated with rheumatoid arthritis in a
            Chinese population
  JOURNAL   Biosci Trends 13 (6), 556-561 (2020)
   PUBMED   31875586
  REMARK    GeneRIF: PRKCH polymorphism is associated with rheumatoid arthritis
            in a Chinese population.
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 3720)
  AUTHORS   Li,X., Xu,L., Hou,X., Geng,J., Tian,J., Liu,X. and Bai,X.
  TITLE     Advanced Oxidation Protein Products Aggravate Tubulointerstitial
            Fibrosis Through Protein Kinase C-Dependent Mitochondrial Injury in
            Early Diabetic Nephropathy
  JOURNAL   Antioxid Redox Signal 30 (9), 1162-1185 (2019)
   PUBMED   29482336
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Study provides mechanistic evidence that inhibition of
            PKCeta isoform alleviated mitochondrial injuries and function,
            attenuated apoptosis, and renal fibrosis in high glucose
            (HG)-cultured advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs)-induced
            HK-2 cells. Thus, AOPPs-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and
            oxidative stress cause tubulointerstitial fibrosis in diabetic
            nephropathy via activation of the PKCeta isoform.
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 3720)
  AUTHORS   Basu,A., Pal,D. and Blaydes,R.
  TITLE     Differential effects of protein kinase C-eta on apoptosis versus
            senescence
  JOURNAL   Cell Signal 55, 1-7 (2019)
   PUBMED   30562553
  REMARK    GeneRIF: The author show that knockdown of PKCeta caused resistance
            to chemotherapeutic drug-induced apoptosis and this could be
            explained by the induction of cellular senescence.
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 3720)
  AUTHORS   Pal,D. and Basu,A.
  TITLE     Protein kinase C-eta regulates Mcl-1 level via ERK1
  JOURNAL   Cell Signal 40, 166-171 (2017)
   PUBMED   28939105
  REMARK    GeneRIF: These results suggest that PKCeta utilizes the ERK
            signaling pathway to protect against ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal
            degradation of Mcl-1
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 3720)
  AUTHORS   Raveh-Amit,H., Maissel,A., Poller,J., Marom,L., Elroy-Stein,O.,
            Shapira,M. and Livneh,E.
  TITLE     Translational control of protein kinase Ceta by two upstream open
            reading frames
  JOURNAL   Mol Cell Biol 29 (22), 6140-6148 (2009)
   PUBMED   19797084
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Translational regulation could provide an additional level
            for controlling the expression of PKC family members.
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 3720)
  AUTHORS   Liyanage,M., Frith,D., Livneh,E. and Stabel,S.
  TITLE     Protein kinase C group B members PKC-delta, -epsilon, -zeta and
            PKC-L(eta). Comparison of properties of recombinant proteins in
            vitro and in vivo
  JOURNAL   Biochem J 283 (Pt 3) (Pt 3), 781-787 (1992)
   PUBMED   1590767
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 3720)
  AUTHORS   Bacher,N., Zisman,Y., Berent,E. and Livneh,E.
  TITLE     Isolation and characterization of PKC-L, a new member of the
            protein kinase C-related gene family specifically expressed in
            lung, skin, and heart
  JOURNAL   Mol Cell Biol 12 (3), 1404 (1992)
   PUBMED   1545821
  REMARK    Correction to:[Mol Cell Biol. 1991 Jan;11(1):126-33. doi:
            10.1128/mcb.11.1.126-133.1991.. PMID: 1986216]
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 3720)
  AUTHORS   Greif,H., Ben-Chaim,J., Shimon,T., Bechor,E., Eldar,H. and
            Livneh,E.
  TITLE     The protein kinase C-related PKC-L(eta) gene product is localized
            in the cell nucleus
  JOURNAL   Mol Cell Biol 12 (3), 1304-1311 (1992)
   PUBMED   1545811
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 3720)
  AUTHORS   Bacher,N., Zisman,Y., Berent,E. and Livneh,E.
  TITLE     Isolation and characterization of PKC-L, a new member of the
            protein kinase C-related gene family specifically expressed in
            lung, skin, and heart
  JOURNAL   Mol Cell Biol 11 (1), 126-133 (1991)
   PUBMED   1986216
  REMARK    Erratum:[Mol Cell Biol. 1992 Mar;12(3):1404. doi:
            10.1128/mcb.12.3.1404-.1992.. PMID: 1545821]
COMMENT     REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The
            reference sequence was derived from AL138996.4 and AL355916.2.
            This sequence is a reference standard in the RefSeqGene project.
            
            On Nov 5, 2020 this sequence version replaced NM_006255.4.
            
            Summary: Protein kinase C (PKC) is a family of serine- and
            threonine-specific protein kinases that can be activated by calcium
            and the second messenger diacylglycerol. PKC family members
            phosphorylate a wide variety of protein targets and are known to be
            involved in diverse cellular signaling pathways. PKC family members
            also serve as major receptors for phorbol esters, a class of tumor
            promoters. Each member of the PKC family has a specific expression
            profile and is believed to play a distinct role in cells. The
            protein encoded by this gene is one of the PKC family members. It
            is a calcium-independent and phospholipids-dependent protein
            kinase. It is predominantly expressed in epithelial tissues and has
            been shown to reside specifically in the cell nucleus. This protein
            kinase can regulate keratinocyte differentiation by activating the
            MAP kinase MAPK13 (p38delta)-activated protein kinase cascade that
            targets CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (CEBPA). It is also
            found to mediate the transcription activation of the
            transglutaminase 1 (TGM1) gene. Mutations in this gene are
            associated with susceptibility to cerebral infarction. [provided by
            RefSeq, Sep 2015].
            
            Sequence Note: This RefSeq record was created from transcript and
            genomic sequence data to make the sequence consistent with the
            reference genome assembly. The genomic coordinates used for the
            transcript record were based on transcript alignments.
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: BC037268.1, SRR18074968.2861886.1
                                           [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: single sample supports all introns
                                           SAMEA1965299, SAMEA1966682
                                           [ECO:0000348]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            MANE Ensembl match     :: ENST00000332981.11/ ENSP00000329127.5
            RefSeq Select criteria :: based on conservation, expression
            regulatory uORF        :: PMID: 19797084
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: full length.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-886               AL138996.4         2927-3812
            887-950             AL138996.4         72573-72636
            951-1101            AL138996.4         124459-124609
            1102-1136           AL138996.4         127040-127074
            1137-1225           AL138996.4         130512-130600
            1226-1355           AL138996.4         132190-132319
            1356-1483           AL138996.4         134574-134701
            1484-1627           AL138996.4         138524-138667
            1628-1801           AL138996.4         138854-139027
            1802-1956           AL138996.4         166850-167004
            1957-2095           AL355916.2         142706-142844       c
            2096-2284           AL355916.2         141324-141512       c
            2285-2428           AL355916.2         124033-124176       c
            2429-3720           AL355916.2         120943-122234       c
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..3720
                     /organism="Homo sapiens"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:9606"
                     /chromosome="14"
                     /map="14q23.1"
     gene            1..3720
                     /gene="PRKCH"
                     /gene_synonym="nPKC-eta; PKC-L; PKCL; PRKCL; uORF2"
                     /note="protein kinase C eta"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:5583"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:9403"
                     /db_xref="MIM:605437"
     exon            1..886
                     /gene="PRKCH"
                     /gene_synonym="nPKC-eta; PKC-L; PKCL; PRKCL; uORF2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      40..96
                     /regulatory_class="uORF"
                     /gene="PRKCH"
                     /gene_synonym="nPKC-eta; PKC-L; PKCL; PRKCL; uORF2"
                     /experiment="DESCRIPTION:regulatory uORF[PMID:19797084]"
                     /note="this uORF is predicted to encode a 18 aa peptide
                     (PMID:19797084)"
     regulatory      376..456
                     /regulatory_class="uORF"
                     /gene="PRKCH"
                     /gene_synonym="nPKC-eta; PKC-L; PKCL; PRKCL; uORF2"
                     /experiment="DESCRIPTION:regulatory uORF[PMID:19797084]"
                     /note="this uORF is predicted to encode a 26 aa peptide
                     (PMID:19797084)"
     CDS             524..2575
                     /gene="PRKCH"
                     /gene_synonym="nPKC-eta; PKC-L; PKCL; PRKCL; uORF2"
                     /EC_number="2.7.11.13"
                     /note="Protein uPEP2"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="protein kinase C eta type"
                     /protein_id="NP_006246.2"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS9752.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:5583"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:9403"
                     /db_xref="MIM:605437"
                     /translation="MSSGTMKFNGYLRVRIGEAVGLQPTRWSLRHSLFKKGHQLLDPY
                     LTVSVDQVRVGQTSTKQKTNKPTYNEEFCANVTDGGHLELAVFHETPLGYDHFVANCT
                     LQFQELLRTTGASDTFEGWVDLEPEGKVFVVITLTGSFTEATLQRDRIFKHFTRKRQR
                     AMRRRVHQINGHKFMATYLRQPTYCSHCREFIWGVFGKQGYQCQVCTCVVHKRCHHLI
                     VTACTCQNNINKVDSKIAEQRFGINIPHKFSIHNYKVPTFCDHCGSLLWGIMRQGLQC
                     KICKMNVHIRCQANVAPNCGVNAVELAKTLAGMGLQPGNISPTSKLVSRSTLRRQGKE
                     SSKEGNGIGVNSSNRLGIDNFEFIRVLGKGSFGKVMLARVKETGDLYAVKVLKKDVIL
                     QDDDVECTMTEKRILSLARNHPFLTQLFCCFQTPDRLFFVMEFVNGGDLMFHIQKSRR
                     FDEARARFYAAEIISALMFLHDKGIIYRDLKLDNVLLDHEGHCKLADFGMCKEGICNG
                     VTTATFCGTPDYIAPEILQEMLYGPAVDWWAMGVLLYEMLCGHAPFEAENEDDLFEAI
                     LNDEVVYPTWLHEDATGILKSFMTKNPTMRLGSLTQGGEHAILRHPFFKEIDWAQLNH
                     RQIEPPFRPRIKSREDVSNFDPDFIKEEPVLTPIDEGHLPMINQDEFRNFSYVSPELQ
                     P"
     exon            887..950
                     /gene="PRKCH"
                     /gene_synonym="nPKC-eta; PKC-L; PKCL; PRKCL; uORF2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            951..1101
                     /gene="PRKCH"
                     /gene_synonym="nPKC-eta; PKC-L; PKCL; PRKCL; uORF2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1102..1136
                     /gene="PRKCH"
                     /gene_synonym="nPKC-eta; PKC-L; PKCL; PRKCL; uORF2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1137..1225
                     /gene="PRKCH"
                     /gene_synonym="nPKC-eta; PKC-L; PKCL; PRKCL; uORF2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1226..1355
                     /gene="PRKCH"
                     /gene_synonym="nPKC-eta; PKC-L; PKCL; PRKCL; uORF2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1356..1483
                     /gene="PRKCH"
                     /gene_synonym="nPKC-eta; PKC-L; PKCL; PRKCL; uORF2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1484..1627
                     /gene="PRKCH"
                     /gene_synonym="nPKC-eta; PKC-L; PKCL; PRKCL; uORF2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1628..1801
                     /gene="PRKCH"
                     /gene_synonym="nPKC-eta; PKC-L; PKCL; PRKCL; uORF2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1802..1956
                     /gene="PRKCH"
                     /gene_synonym="nPKC-eta; PKC-L; PKCL; PRKCL; uORF2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1957..2095
                     /gene="PRKCH"
                     /gene_synonym="nPKC-eta; PKC-L; PKCL; PRKCL; uORF2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            2096..2284
                     /gene="PRKCH"
                     /gene_synonym="nPKC-eta; PKC-L; PKCL; PRKCL; uORF2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            2285..2428
                     /gene="PRKCH"
                     /gene_synonym="nPKC-eta; PKC-L; PKCL; PRKCL; uORF2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            2429..3720
                     /gene="PRKCH"
                     /gene_synonym="nPKC-eta; PKC-L; PKCL; PRKCL; uORF2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      3698..3703
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="PRKCH"
                     /gene_synonym="nPKC-eta; PKC-L; PKCL; PRKCL; uORF2"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     polyA_site      3720
                     /gene="PRKCH"
                     /gene_synonym="nPKC-eta; PKC-L; PKCL; PRKCL; uORF2"
                     /note="major polyA site"
ORIGIN      
        1 gtgaacttgg aacctggcgg tgcgaggttc tcgccgggga tgcggcggcg gcagctgctt
       61 cctggtttga agctcgccga gtgggggaga gcgtgagcct tcggaggcgg gggcaggagg
      121 agaagcaaga ggaggcgggg gaagagacgc ttggggctgg ggctcaccgg acgggtaggt
      181 ccggctctcc agggagagga gctgcccggc cctggagaag gggcgagtcc tgcgcgagtc
      241 cccgggaggc gccgcgcgct tggaagggac ggtcgggctt ccccggcccg ctgagggctc
      301 ggcggcgggc tcccctcctt tccacctcgg gagggaggga aggaggggag ggaaaagtcc
      361 cacggaggag gcagaatggc cagtcgaggg gcgcttaggc gctgcctttc cccagggctg
      421 cctcgactcc tgcacctgtc ccgagggctg gcctgagacg ggactcccgg ttctcccgct
      481 gcgaagcagc gcggcccccc ggggccgggg cagcggcgcc ggcatgtcgt ctggcaccat
      541 gaagttcaat ggctatttga gggtccgcat cggtgaggca gtggggctgc agcccacccg
      601 ctggtccctg cgccactcgc tcttcaagaa gggccaccag ctgctggacc cctatctgac
      661 ggtgagcgtg gaccaggtgc gcgtgggcca gaccagcacc aagcagaaga ccaacaaacc
      721 cacgtacaac gaggagtttt gcgctaacgt caccgacggc ggccacctcg agttggccgt
      781 cttccacgag acgcccctgg gctacgacca cttcgtggcc aactgcaccc tgcagttcca
      841 ggagctgctg cgcacgaccg gcgcctcgga caccttcgag ggttgggtgg atctcgagcc
      901 agaggggaaa gtatttgtgg taataaccct taccgggagt ttcactgaag ctactctcca
      961 gagagaccgg atcttcaaac attttaccag gaagcgccaa agggctatgc gaaggcgagt
     1021 ccaccagatc aatggacaca agttcatggc cacgtatctg aggcagccca cctactgctc
     1081 tcactgcagg gagtttatct ggggagtgtt tgggaaacag ggttatcagt gccaagtgtg
     1141 cacctgtgtc gtccataaac gctgccatca tctaattgtt acagcctgta cttgccaaaa
     1201 caatattaac aaagtggatt caaagattgc agaacagagg ttcgggatca acatcccaca
     1261 caagttcagc atccacaact acaaagtgcc aacattctgc gatcactgtg gctcactgct
     1321 ctggggaata atgcgacaag gacttcagtg taaaatatgt aaaatgaatg tgcatattcg
     1381 atgtcaagcg aacgtggccc ctaactgtgg ggtaaatgcg gtggaacttg ccaagaccct
     1441 ggcagggatg ggtctccaac ccggaaatat ttctccaacc tcgaaactcg tttccagatc
     1501 gaccctaaga cgacagggaa aggagagcag caaagaagga aatgggattg gggttaattc
     1561 ttccaaccga cttggtatcg acaactttga gttcatccga gtgttgggga aggggagttt
     1621 tgggaaggtg atgcttgcaa gagtaaaaga aacaggagac ctctatgctg tgaaggtgct
     1681 gaagaaggac gtgattctgc aggatgatga tgtggaatgc accatgaccg agaaaaggat
     1741 cctgtctctg gcccgcaatc accccttcct cactcagttg ttctgctgct ttcagacccc
     1801 cgatcgtctg ttttttgtga tggagtttgt gaatgggggt gacttgatgt tccacattca
     1861 gaagtctcgt cgttttgatg aagcacgagc tcgcttctat gctgcagaaa tcatttcggc
     1921 tctcatgttc ctccatgata aaggaatcat ctatagagat ctgaaactgg acaatgtcct
     1981 gttggaccac gagggtcact gtaaactggc agacttcgga atgtgcaagg aggggatttg
     2041 caatggtgtc accacggcca cattctgtgg cacgccagac tatatcgctc cagagatcct
     2101 ccaggaaatg ctgtacgggc ctgcagtaga ctggtgggca atgggcgtgt tgctctatga
     2161 gatgctctgt ggtcacgcgc cttttgaggc agagaacgaa gatgacctct ttgaggccat
     2221 actgaatgat gaggtggtct accctacctg gctccatgaa gatgccacag ggatcctaaa
     2281 atctttcatg accaagaacc ccaccatgcg cttgggcagc ctgactcagg gaggcgagca
     2341 cgccatcttg agacatcctt tttttaagga aatcgactgg gcccagctga accatcgcca
     2401 aatagaaccg cctttcagac ccagaatcaa atcccgagaa gatgtcagta attttgaccc
     2461 tgacttcata aaggaagagc cagttttaac tccaattgat gagggacatc ttccaatgat
     2521 taaccaggat gagtttagaa acttttccta tgtgtctcca gaattgcaac catagcctta
     2581 tggggagtga gagagagggc acgagaaccc aaagggaata gagattctcc aggaatttcc
     2641 tctatgggac cttcccagca tcagccttag aacaagaacc ttaccttcaa ggagcaagtg
     2701 aagaactctg tgaaggatgg aactttcaga tatcaactat ttagagtcca gagggagcca
     2761 tggcactaga aatagttgat aatgaaatga gattttatga agtataccgc tccacctatg
     2821 agcgtctgtc tctgtgggct tgggatgtta acaggagcca aaaggaggga aagtgtgaag
     2881 aataaagtag atctgagaaa ttctgagcca atcaggcttc ttaattcaag agacaaacca
     2941 agacgttctg tcaactgtgc tgtgctcttc tttaagccaa tgaaccccaa ttcctggcag
     3001 tctacaagaa gtctcttaat gctaatgaag aatttaaagg tctttttaag gaaatgaagg
     3061 gctttccaaa tagaatgatt tactctgaag aaacaaacaa tggtatctct gaaactcaca
     3121 acctaaagcc caatcttgaa aatatgttgt gcaccaagac gactgcttca gcttcttctc
     3181 ttatccttac tttctttaat agatatttat taaactgtcc agtgaaaagg tgccacaatg
     3241 cccagtattg taaacaacag gtttgcattc atgaagcttt cattcattct ggagtctact
     3301 aatttacctg aatggtgttt gcattctgtg aaatgcctct ccacgttgca tatgtcacac
     3361 ttttgtctgc acataactct tttttcacaa gaagggtcac tgccacaaca gcacagtcag
     3421 cgggtgaatt acaggtgcct gctgcctgcc tacctgggta atctgatctt gtctgtatcg
     3481 ccgtgtgctc atcactgaag aattgcaggc cactcatgtc agtgaccaga tttgtggctt
     3541 ataaacatta gcagtttatt tatgttttaa gatgcaaaga tgtgtgtttg atattcactt
     3601 taataattag aaatggatct tgtaaacagg gcatatatca aagatgacct tataatatgt
     3661 acccgaatat acagttcaag aattttgtct gactggaaat aaatgcattt tgtagcaaaa
//
