LOCUS       NM_002734               4253 bp    mRNA    linear   PRI 12-OCT-2024
DEFINITION  Homo sapiens protein kinase cAMP-dependent type I regulatory
            subunit alpha (PRKAR1A), transcript variant 1, mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_002734
VERSION     NM_002734.5
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; MANE Select.
SOURCE      Homo sapiens (human)
  ORGANISM  Homo sapiens
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
            Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 4253)
  AUTHORS   Calvo,S.E., Pagliarini,D.J. and Mootha,V.K.
  TITLE     Upstream open reading frames cause widespread reduction of protein
            expression and are polymorphic among humans
  JOURNAL   Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 106 (18), 7507-7512 (2009)
   PUBMED   19372376
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Includes the study of a disease-related upstream ORF in
            this gene, and shows that it functions to reduce protein levels by
            ~95%.
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 4253)
  AUTHORS   Gupte,R.S., Pozarowski,P., Grabarek,J., Traganos,F.,
            Darzynkiewicz,Z. and Lee,M.Y.
  TITLE     RIalpha influences cellular proliferation in cancer cells by
            transporting RFC40 into the nucleus
  JOURNAL   Cancer Biol Ther 4 (4), 429-437 (2005)
   PUBMED   15846072
  REMARK    GeneRIF: A nonconventional nuclear localization sequence (NLS) has
            been found for PRKAR1A. This suggests a new function for PRKAR1A as
            a nuclear transport protein for the second subunit of RFC40.
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 4253)
  AUTHORS   Bossis,I. and Stratakis,C.A.
  TITLE     Minireview: PRKAR1A: normal and abnormal functions
  JOURNAL   Endocrinology 145 (12), 5452-5458 (2004)
   PUBMED   15331577
  REMARK    GeneRIF: PRKAR1A might function as a tumor suppressor gene
            Review article
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 4253)
  AUTHORS   Stergiopoulos,S.G. and Stratakis,C.A.
  TITLE     Human tumors associated with Carney complex and germline PRKAR1A
            mutations: a protein kinase A disease!
  JOURNAL   FEBS Lett 546 (1), 59-64 (2003)
   PUBMED   12829237
  REMARK    Review article
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 4253)
  AUTHORS   Stratakis,C.A.
  TITLE     Carney Complex
  JOURNAL   (in) Adam MP, Feldman J, Mirzaa GM, Pagon RA, Wallace SE and
            Amemiya A (Eds.);
            GENEREVIEWS(R);
            (1993)
   PUBMED   20301463
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 4253)
  AUTHORS   Jones,K.W., Shapero,M.H., Chevrette,M. and Fournier,R.E.
  TITLE     Subtractive hybridization cloning of a tissue-specific
            extinguisher: TSE1 encodes a regulatory subunit of protein kinase A
  JOURNAL   Cell 66 (5), 861-872 (1991)
   PUBMED   1889088
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 4253)
  AUTHORS   Boshart,M., Weih,F., Nichols,M. and Schutz,G.
  TITLE     The tissue-specific extinguisher locus TSE1 encodes a regulatory
            subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase
  JOURNAL   Cell 66 (5), 849-859 (1991)
   PUBMED   1832337
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 4253)
  AUTHORS   Sandberg,M., Skalhegg,B. and Jahnsen,T.
  TITLE     The two mRNA forms for the type I alpha regulatory subunit of
            cAMP-dependent protein kinase from human testis are due to the use
            of different polyadenylation site signals
  JOURNAL   Biochem Biophys Res Commun 167 (1), 323-330 (1990)
   PUBMED   2310396
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 4253)
  AUTHORS   Sandberg,M., Tasken,K., Oyen,O., Hansson,V. and Jahnsen,T.
  TITLE     Molecular cloning, cDNA structure and deduced amino acid sequence
            for a type I regulatory subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase
            from human testis
  JOURNAL   Biochem Biophys Res Commun 149 (3), 939-945 (1987)
   PUBMED   3426618
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 4253)
  AUTHORS   Geahlen,R.L., Carmichael,D.F., Hashimoto,E. and Krebs,E.G.
  TITLE     Phosphorylation of cAMP-dependent protein kinase subunits
  JOURNAL   Adv Enzyme Regul 20, 195-209 (1982)
   PUBMED   6287816
COMMENT     REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The
            reference sequence was derived from BC036285.1, AC079210.12 and
            AY007115.1.
            
            On Nov 30, 2019 this sequence version replaced NM_002734.4.
            
            Summary: cAMP is a signaling molecule important for a variety of
            cellular functions. cAMP exerts its effects by activating the
            cAMP-dependent protein kinase, which transduces the signal through
            phosphorylation of different target proteins. The inactive kinase
            holoenzyme is a tetramer composed of two regulatory and two
            catalytic subunits. cAMP causes the dissociation of the inactive
            holoenzyme into a dimer of regulatory subunits bound to four cAMP
            and two free monomeric catalytic subunits. Four different
            regulatory subunits and three catalytic subunits have been
            identified in humans. This gene encodes one of the regulatory
            subunits. This protein was found to be a tissue-specific
            extinguisher that down-regulates the expression of seven liver
            genes in hepatoma x fibroblast hybrids. Mutations in this gene
            cause Carney complex (CNC). This gene can fuse to the RET
            protooncogene by gene rearrangement and form the thyroid
            tumor-specific chimeric oncogene known as PTC2. A nonconventional
            nuclear localization sequence (NLS) has been found for this protein
            which suggests a role in DNA replication via the protein serving as
            a nuclear transport protein for the second subunit of the
            Replication Factor C (RFC40). Several alternatively spliced
            transcript variants encoding two different isoforms have been
            observed. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2013].
            
            Sequence Note: This RefSeq record was created from transcript and
            genomic sequence data to make the sequence consistent with the
            reference genome assembly. The genomic coordinates used for the
            transcript record were based on transcript alignments.
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: GQ901048.1, BC036285.1 [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: single sample supports all introns
                                           SAMEA1965299, SAMEA1966682
                                           [ECO:0000348]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            MANE Ensembl match     :: ENST00000589228.6/ ENSP00000464977.2
            RefSeq Select criteria :: based on manual assertion, conservation,
                                      expression, longest protein
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: full length.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-2482              BC036285.1         4-2485
            2483-2769           AC079210.12        98121-98407         c
            2770-4253           AY007115.1         1-1484
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..4253
                     /organism="Homo sapiens"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:9606"
                     /chromosome="17"
                     /map="17q24.2"
     gene            1..4253
                     /gene="PRKAR1A"
                     /gene_synonym="ACRDYS1; ADOHR; CAR; CNC; CNC1; PKR1;
                     PPNAD1; PRKAR1; Prkar1alpha; TSE1"
                     /note="protein kinase cAMP-dependent type I regulatory
                     subunit alpha"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:5573"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:9388"
                     /db_xref="MIM:188830"
     exon            1..119
                     /gene="PRKAR1A"
                     /gene_synonym="ACRDYS1; ADOHR; CAR; CNC; CNC1; PKR1;
                     PPNAD1; PRKAR1; Prkar1alpha; TSE1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            120..302
                     /gene="PRKAR1A"
                     /gene_synonym="ACRDYS1; ADOHR; CAR; CNC; CNC1; PKR1;
                     PPNAD1; PRKAR1; Prkar1alpha; TSE1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             126..1271
                     /gene="PRKAR1A"
                     /gene_synonym="ACRDYS1; ADOHR; CAR; CNC; CNC1; PKR1;
                     PPNAD1; PRKAR1; Prkar1alpha; TSE1"
                     /EC_number="2.7.11.1"
                     /note="isoform a is encoded by transcript variant 1;
                     tissue-specific extinguisher 1; cAMP-dependent protein
                     kinase type I-alpha regulatory chain; cAMP-dependent
                     protein kinase regulatory subunit RIalpha; protein kinase
                     A type 1a regulatory subunit; epididymis secretory sperm
                     binding protein; protein kinase, cAMP-dependent,
                     regulatory, type I, alpha; Carney complex type 1; protein
                     kinase, cAMP-dependent, regulatory subunit type I alpha"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="cAMP-dependent protein kinase type I-alpha
                     regulatory subunit isoform a"
                     /protein_id="NP_002725.1"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS11678.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:5573"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:9388"
                     /db_xref="MIM:188830"
                     /translation="MESGSTAASEEARSLRECELYVQKHNIQALLKDSIVQLCTARPE
                     RPMAFLREYFERLEKEEAKQIQNLQKAGTRTDSREDEISPPPPNPVVKGRRRRGAISA
                     EVYTEEDAASYVRKVIPKDYKTMAALAKAIEKNVLFSHLDDNERSDIFDAMFSVSFIA
                     GETVIQQGDEGDNFYVIDQGETDVYVNNEWATSVGEGGSFGELALIYGTPRAATVKAK
                     TNVKLWGIDRDSYRRILMGSTLRKRKMYEEFLSKVSILESLDKWERLTVADALEPVQF
                     EDGQKIVVQGEPGDEFFIILEGSAAVLQRRSENEEFVEVGRLGPSDYFGEIALLMNRP
                     RAATVVARGPLKCVKLDRPRFERVLGPCSDILKRNIQQYNSFVSLSV"
     exon            303..473
                     /gene="PRKAR1A"
                     /gene_synonym="ACRDYS1; ADOHR; CAR; CNC; CNC1; PKR1;
                     PPNAD1; PRKAR1; Prkar1alpha; TSE1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            474..565
                     /gene="PRKAR1A"
                     /gene_synonym="ACRDYS1; ADOHR; CAR; CNC; CNC1; PKR1;
                     PPNAD1; PRKAR1; Prkar1alpha; TSE1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            566..627
                     /gene="PRKAR1A"
                     /gene_synonym="ACRDYS1; ADOHR; CAR; CNC; CNC1; PKR1;
                     PPNAD1; PRKAR1; Prkar1alpha; TSE1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            628..674
                     /gene="PRKAR1A"
                     /gene_synonym="ACRDYS1; ADOHR; CAR; CNC; CNC1; PKR1;
                     PPNAD1; PRKAR1; Prkar1alpha; TSE1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            675..833
                     /gene="PRKAR1A"
                     /gene_synonym="ACRDYS1; ADOHR; CAR; CNC; CNC1; PKR1;
                     PPNAD1; PRKAR1; Prkar1alpha; TSE1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            834..894
                     /gene="PRKAR1A"
                     /gene_synonym="ACRDYS1; ADOHR; CAR; CNC; CNC1; PKR1;
                     PPNAD1; PRKAR1; Prkar1alpha; TSE1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            895..1016
                     /gene="PRKAR1A"
                     /gene_synonym="ACRDYS1; ADOHR; CAR; CNC; CNC1; PKR1;
                     PPNAD1; PRKAR1; Prkar1alpha; TSE1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1017..1098
                     /gene="PRKAR1A"
                     /gene_synonym="ACRDYS1; ADOHR; CAR; CNC; CNC1; PKR1;
                     PPNAD1; PRKAR1; Prkar1alpha; TSE1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1099..4253
                     /gene="PRKAR1A"
                     /gene_synonym="ACRDYS1; ADOHR; CAR; CNC; CNC1; PKR1;
                     PPNAD1; PRKAR1; Prkar1alpha; TSE1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      1464..1469
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="PRKAR1A"
                     /gene_synonym="ACRDYS1; ADOHR; CAR; CNC; CNC1; PKR1;
                     PPNAD1; PRKAR1; Prkar1alpha; TSE1"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     polyA_site      1489
                     /gene="PRKAR1A"
                     /gene_synonym="ACRDYS1; ADOHR; CAR; CNC; CNC1; PKR1;
                     PPNAD1; PRKAR1; Prkar1alpha; TSE1"
                     /note="major polyA site"
     regulatory      3559..3564
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="PRKAR1A"
                     /gene_synonym="ACRDYS1; ADOHR; CAR; CNC; CNC1; PKR1;
                     PPNAD1; PRKAR1; Prkar1alpha; TSE1"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     regulatory      3574..3579
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="PRKAR1A"
                     /gene_synonym="ACRDYS1; ADOHR; CAR; CNC; CNC1; PKR1;
                     PPNAD1; PRKAR1; Prkar1alpha; TSE1"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAT"
     polyA_site      3578
                     /gene="PRKAR1A"
                     /gene_synonym="ACRDYS1; ADOHR; CAR; CNC; CNC1; PKR1;
                     PPNAD1; PRKAR1; Prkar1alpha; TSE1"
                     /note="major polyA site"
     polyA_site      3592
                     /gene="PRKAR1A"
                     /gene_synonym="ACRDYS1; ADOHR; CAR; CNC; CNC1; PKR1;
                     PPNAD1; PRKAR1; Prkar1alpha; TSE1"
     regulatory      4232..4237
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="PRKAR1A"
                     /gene_synonym="ACRDYS1; ADOHR; CAR; CNC; CNC1; PKR1;
                     PPNAD1; PRKAR1; Prkar1alpha; TSE1"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     polyA_site      4253
                     /gene="PRKAR1A"
                     /gene_synonym="ACRDYS1; ADOHR; CAR; CNC; CNC1; PKR1;
                     PPNAD1; PRKAR1; Prkar1alpha; TSE1"
ORIGIN      
        1 ggagctgtcg cctagccgct atcgcagagt ggagcggggc tgggagcaaa gcgctgaggg
       61 agctcggtac gccgccgcct cgcacccgca gcctcgcgcc cgccgccgcc cgtccccaga
      121 gaaccatgga gtctggcagt accgccgcca gtgaggaggc acgcagcctt cgagaatgtg
      181 agctctacgt ccagaagcat aacattcaag cgctgctcaa agattctatt gtgcagttgt
      241 gcactgctcg acctgagaga cccatggcat tcctcaggga atactttgag aggttggaga
      301 aggaggaggc aaaacagatt cagaatctgc agaaagcagg cactcgtaca gactcaaggg
      361 aggatgagat ttctcctcct ccacccaacc cagtggttaa aggtaggagg cgacgaggtg
      421 ctatcagcgc tgaggtctac acggaggaag atgcggcatc ctatgttaga aaggttatac
      481 caaaagatta caagacaatg gccgctttag ccaaagccat tgaaaagaat gtgctgtttt
      541 cacatcttga tgataatgag agaagtgata tttttgatgc catgttttcg gtctccttta
      601 tcgcaggaga gactgtgatt cagcaaggtg atgaagggga taacttctat gtgattgatc
      661 aaggagagac ggatgtctat gttaacaatg aatgggcaac cagtgttggg gaaggaggga
      721 gctttggaga acttgctttg atttatggaa caccgagagc agccactgtc aaagcaaaga
      781 caaatgtgaa attgtggggc atcgaccgag acagctatag aagaatcctc atgggaagca
      841 cactgagaaa gcggaagatg tatgaggaat tccttagtaa agtctctatt ttagagtctc
      901 tggacaagtg ggaacgtctt acggtagctg atgcattgga accagtgcag tttgaagatg
      961 ggcagaagat tgtggtgcag ggagaaccag gggatgagtt cttcattatt ttagaggggt
     1021 cagctgctgt gctacaacgt cggtcagaaa atgaagagtt tgttgaagtg ggaagattgg
     1081 ggccttctga ttattttggt gaaattgcac tactgatgaa tcgtcctcgt gctgccacag
     1141 ttgttgctcg tggccccttg aagtgcgtta agctggaccg acctagattt gaacgtgttc
     1201 ttggcccatg ctcagacatc ctcaaacgaa acatccagca gtacaacagt tttgtgtcac
     1261 tgtctgtctg aaatctgcct cctgtgcctc ccttttctcc tctccccaat ccatgcttca
     1321 ctcatgcaaa ctgctttatt ttccctactt gcagcgccaa gtggccactg gcatcgcagc
     1381 ttcctgtctg tttatatatt gaaagttgct tttattgcac cattttcaat ttggagcatt
     1441 aactaaatgc tcatacacag ttaaataaat agaaagagtt ctatggagac tttgctgtta
     1501 ctgcttctct ttgtgcagtg ttagtattca ccctgggcag tgagtgccat gctttttggt
     1561 gagggcagat cccagcacct attgaattac catagagtaa tgatgtaaca gtgcaagatt
     1621 ttttttttaa gtgacataat tgtccagtta taagcgtatt tagactgtgg ccatatatgc
     1681 tgtatttctt tgtagaataa atggtttctc attaaactct aaagattagg gaaaatggat
     1741 atagaaaatc ttagtatagt agaaagacat ctgcctgtaa ttaaactagt ttaagggtgg
     1801 aaaaatgccc atttttgcta attatcaatg ggatatgatt ggttcagttt ttttttttcc
     1861 agagttgttg tttgccaagc taatctgcct ggttttattt atatcttgtt attaatgttt
     1921 cttctccaat tctgaaatac ttttgagtat ggctatctat acctgccttt taagtttgaa
     1981 actaactcat agattgcaaa tattggttag tatttaacta catctgcctc ggctcacaaa
     2041 ttccgattag acctttatcc agctagtgcc aaataattga tcagatgctg aattgagaat
     2101 aagaatttga ggtctacatt cttggttgtt aatttagagc gtttggttaa agtatgtcct
     2161 tcagctgact ccagtataat ctcctctgct cattaaactg attccaggag attggatttg
     2221 ctgtgactag atacagatgg agcaaatgtc ctaacagaga aatagaggtg atgctgctaa
     2281 agggagaaat gccaggcgga caaagttcag tgtcgggaat tttccccgtg acattcactg
     2341 gggcatgaga ttttggaaga agttttttac tttggtttag tctttttttc cttccttttt
     2401 attcagctag aatttctggt gggttgatgg tagggtataa tgtgtctgtg ttgcttcaaa
     2461 ttggtctgaa aggctatcct gctgaaagtc ctgctttcct atctagcatt tatttctctg
     2521 gcaaactttt ctttcttttc ttttttaaag taaacttgtg tattgagtct taactgtatt
     2581 tcagtatttt ccagccttat gtgttacatt attccaatga tacccaacag tttattttta
     2641 ttattttttt aaacaaaatt tcacagttct gtaatgtagg cacttttatt ttcattgtga
     2701 tttatatata aggtaatgta gggttatatt tgggagtgac tgcaagcatt tttccatctg
     2761 tgtgcaacta actgactctg ttattgatcc cttctcctgc cctttcccag gtaatttaaa
     2821 ttggtcatgg tagatttttt tcatagattt gaaaaacttt taggttgtta ccaagtatga
     2881 agtataaatc tggggaagag gttttattta cattttaggg tgggtaagaa agccaccttg
     2941 ttacaaattt tttaatttcc aaaataatct atattaaatg agggtttctg atctgtactt
     3001 tgtgtttagc taccttttta tatttaaaaa attaaaaatg aaaattacgt tcttacaagc
     3061 ttaaagcttg atttgatctt tgtttaaatg ccaaaatgta cttaaatgag ttacttagaa
     3121 tgccataaaa ttgcagtttc atgtatgtat ataatcatgc tcatgtatat ttagttacgt
     3181 ataatgcttt ctgagtgagt tttactctta aatcatttgg ttaaatcatt tggcttgctg
     3241 tttactccct tctgtagttt ttaattaaaa actttaaaga taagtctaca ttaaacaatg
     3301 atcacatcta aagctttatc tttgtgtaat ctaagtatat gtgagaaatc agaattggca
     3361 taatttgtct tagttgatat tcaaggcttt aaaagtcatt attcctgggc ttggtaagtg
     3421 aatttatgag atttactgct ctagaaagta tagatggcca aaggaccgtt ttgtattgct
     3481 tcctgattac cagtctgatt ataccatgtg tgctaatata ctttttttgt tatagattgt
     3541 cttaatggta ggtcaagtaa taaaaagaga tgaaataatt taaattctta aatgaatcag
     3601 tttttcttcc ctttctcctt tccgtctttc ctctctctgt ccttccccga aagtctactc
     3661 gggtgggcaa aaatgaaaag ggggaaagtg aattatggga tcggtgtttt gaaagagcaa
     3721 tgtttatttt cagtgctttt cagtttgtca aagagtggat ctcaaaatct tgcttaaagg
     3781 gtaattgaga tgtagcagat ttatttactt agtcatggaa agaaaaaaat tcagtcaaaa
     3841 gctaaagatt tccttttgat tgaagacaga ttggttctgt ggccttggaa ctttcccaga
     3901 cttaatgggg aaacatcatt tctagattag catactcttt ggtttaaatt taatatatac
     3961 atttaatgtt acttagggat acttttatat tttgcatata taaagcctca tatataaagc
     4021 cttatttctg atgctcttag atttctgagg agtgagatga ttaagttgta ttcattagtg
     4081 tattggtatt tcttcacatc cagtgaaatt ggagatatgt tgtatgttag aagagcattc
     4141 tttaaattgt gttgctttga acatgtgtac cttttctaga ttcagtaatc ccttcccccc
     4201 gtcctctgga gtatgaaacc tttagagtca caataaaatg taactaaaga aaa
//
