LOCUS       NM_000291               4812 bp    mRNA    linear   PRI 16-FEB-2025
DEFINITION  Homo sapiens phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1), mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_000291
VERSION     NM_000291.4
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; MANE Select.
SOURCE      Homo sapiens (human)
  ORGANISM  Homo sapiens
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
            Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 4812)
  AUTHORS   Gao,X., Pan,T., Gao,Y., Zhu,W., Liu,L., Duan,W., Han,C., Feng,B.,
            Yan,W., Song,Q., Liu,Y. and Yue,L.
  TITLE     Acetylation of PGK1 at lysine 323 promotes glycolysis, cell
            proliferation, and metastasis in luminal A breast cancer cells
  JOURNAL   BMC Cancer 24 (1), 1054 (2024)
   PUBMED   39192221
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Acetylation of PGK1 at lysine 323 promotes glycolysis,
            cell proliferation, and metastasis in luminal A breast cancer
            cells.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 4812)
  AUTHORS   Guo,Z., Zhang,Y., Wang,H., Liao,L., Ma,L., Zhao,Y., Yang,R., Li,X.,
            Niu,J., Chu,Q., Fu,Y., Li,B. and Yang,C.
  TITLE     Hypoxia-induced downregulation of PGK1 crotonylation promotes
            tumorigenesis by coordinating glycolysis and the TCA cycle
  JOURNAL   Nat Commun 15 (1), 6915 (2024)
   PUBMED   39134530
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Hypoxia-induced downregulation of PGK1 crotonylation
            promotes tumorigenesis by coordinating glycolysis and the TCA
            cycle.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 4812)
  AUTHORS   Muhtadi,R., Stewart,S., Bunert,F., Fatanmi,O.O., Wise,S.Y.,
            Gartner,C., Motzke,S., Ruf,C., Ostheim,P., Schule,S., Schwanke,D.,
            Singh,V.K., Port,M. and Abend,M.
  TITLE     PUM1 and PGK1 are Favorable Housekeeping Genes over Established
            Biodosimetry-related Housekeeping Genes such as HPRT1, ITFG1, DPM1,
            MRPS5, 18S rRNA and Others after Radiation Exposure
  JOURNAL   Radiat Res 201 (5), 487-498 (2024)
   PUBMED   38471523
  REMARK    GeneRIF: PUM1 and PGK1 are Favorable Housekeeping Genes over
            Established Biodosimetry-related Housekeeping Genes such as HPRT1,
            ITFG1, DPM1, MRPS5, 18S rRNA and Others after Radiation Exposure.
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 4812)
  AUTHORS   Zhang,Y., Wang,X., Liu,W., Lei,T., Qiao,T., Feng,W. and Song,W.
  TITLE     CircGLIS3 promotes gastric cancer progression by regulating the
            miR-1343-3p/PGK1 pathway and inhibiting vimentin phosphorylation
  JOURNAL   J Transl Med 22 (1), 251 (2024)
   PUBMED   38459513
  REMARK    GeneRIF: CircGLIS3 promotes gastric cancer progression by
            regulating the miR-1343-3p/PGK1 pathway and inhibiting vimentin
            phosphorylation.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 4812)
  AUTHORS   Lay,A.J., Jiang,X.M., Kisker,O., Flynn,E., Underwood,A., Condron,R.
            and Hogg,P.J.
  TITLE     Phosphoglycerate kinase acts in tumour angiogenesis as a disulphide
            reductase
  JOURNAL   Nature 408 (6814), 869-873 (2000)
   PUBMED   11130727
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Phosphoglycerate kinase is a moonlighting protein that
            functions as both a glycolytic enzyme and a disulfide reductase.
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 4812)
  AUTHORS   Maeda,M., Bawle,E.V., Kulkarni,R., Beutler,E. and Yoshida,A.
  TITLE     Molecular abnormalities of a phosphoglycerate kinase variant
            generated by spontaneous mutation
  JOURNAL   Blood 79 (10), 2759-2762 (1992)
   PUBMED   1586722
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 4812)
  AUTHORS   Fujii,H., Kanno,H., Hirono,A., Shiomura,T. and Miwa,S.
  TITLE     A single amino acid substitution (157 Gly----Val) in a
            phosphoglycerate kinase variant (PGK Shizuoka) associated with
            chronic hemolysis and myoglobinuria
  JOURNAL   Blood 79 (6), 1582-1585 (1992)
   PUBMED   1547346
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 4812)
  AUTHORS   Vishwanatha,J.K., Jindal,H.K. and Davis,R.G.
  TITLE     The role of primer recognition proteins in DNA replication:
            association with nuclear matrix in HeLa cells
  JOURNAL   J Cell Sci 101 (Pt 1), 25-34 (1992)
   PUBMED   1533225
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 4812)
  AUTHORS   Jindal,H.K. and Vishwanatha,J.K.
  TITLE     Functional identity of a primer recognition protein as
            phosphoglycerate kinase
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 265 (12), 6540-6543 (1990)
   PUBMED   2324090
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Generif: Phosphoglycerate kinase is a moonlighting protein
            that functions as both a glycolytic enzyme and a primer recognition
            protein of DNA polymerase alpha.
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 4812)
  AUTHORS   Chen,S.H., Donahue,R.P. and Scott,C.R.
  TITLE     Characterization of phosphoglycerate kinase from human spermatozoa
  JOURNAL   Fertil Steril 27 (6), 699-701 (1976)
   PUBMED   1278465
COMMENT     REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The
            reference sequence was derived from DC336483.1, BC103752.1,
            BU677171.1 and AL049589.15.
            This sequence is a reference standard in the RefSeqGene project.
            
            On Dec 7, 2018 this sequence version replaced NM_000291.3.
            
            Summary: The protein encoded by this gene is a glycolytic enzyme
            that catalyzes the conversion of 1,3-diphosphoglycerate to
            3-phosphoglycerate. The encoded protein may also act as a cofactor
            for polymerase alpha. Additionally, this protein is secreted by
            tumor cells where it participates in angiogenesis by functioning to
            reduce disulfide bonds in the serine protease, plasmin, which
            consequently leads to the release of the tumor blood vessel
            inhibitor angiostatin. The encoded protein has been identified as a
            moonlighting protein based on its ability to perform
            mechanistically distinct functions. Deficiency of the enzyme is
            associated with a wide range of clinical phenotypes hemolytic
            anemia and neurological impairment. Pseudogenes of this gene have
            been defined on chromosomes 19, 21 and the X chromosome. [provided
            by RefSeq, Jan 2014].
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: SRR1803614.268563.1,
                                           SRR1803616.55464.1 [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: single sample supports all introns
                                           SAMEA1965299, SAMEA1966682
                                           [ECO:0000348]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            MANE Ensembl match              :: ENST00000373316.5/
                                               ENSP00000362413.4
            multifunctional gene product(s) :: PMID: 2324090, 11130727
            RefSeq Select criteria          :: based on single protein-coding
                                               transcript
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: full length.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-7                 DC336483.1         80-86
            8-1784              BC103752.1         1-1777
            1785-2344           BU677171.1         17-576              c
            2345-4812           AL049589.15        73353-75820
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..4812
                     /organism="Homo sapiens"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:9606"
                     /chromosome="X"
                     /map="Xq21.1"
     gene            1..4812
                     /gene="PGK1"
                     /gene_synonym="HEL-S-68p; MIG10; PGKA"
                     /note="phosphoglycerate kinase 1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:5230"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:8896"
                     /db_xref="MIM:311800"
     exon            1..158
                     /gene="PGK1"
                     /gene_synonym="HEL-S-68p; MIG10; PGKA"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             94..1347
                     /gene="PGK1"
                     /gene_synonym="HEL-S-68p; MIG10; PGKA"
                     /EC_number="2.7.2.3"
                     /EC_number="2.7.11.1"
                     /note="primer recognition protein 2; cell
                     migration-inducing gene 10 protein; PRP 2; epididymis
                     secretory sperm binding protein Li 68p"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="phosphoglycerate kinase 1"
                     /protein_id="NP_000282.1"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS14438.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:5230"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:8896"
                     /db_xref="MIM:311800"
                     /translation="MSLSNKLTLDKLDVKGKRVVMRVDFNVPMKNNQITNNQRIKAAV
                     PSIKFCLDNGAKSVVLMSHLGRPDGVPMPDKYSLEPVAVELKSLLGKDVLFLKDCVGP
                     EVEKACANPAAGSVILLENLRFHVEEEGKGKDASGNKVKAEPAKIEAFRASLSKLGDV
                     YVNDAFGTAHRAHSSMVGVNLPQKAGGFLMKKELNYFAKALESPERPFLAILGGAKVA
                     DKIQLINNMLDKVNEMIIGGGMAFTFLKVLNNMEIGTSLFDEEGAKIVKDLMSKAEKN
                     GVKITLPVDFVTADKFDENAKTGQATVASGIPAGWMGLDCGPESSKKYAEAVTRAKQI
                     VWNGPVGVFEWEAFARGTKALMDEVVKATSRGCITIIGGGDTATCCAKWNTEDKVSHV
                     STGGGASLELLEGKVLPGVDALSNI"
     exon            159..209
                     /gene="PGK1"
                     /gene_synonym="HEL-S-68p; MIG10; PGKA"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            210..365
                     /gene="PGK1"
                     /gene_synonym="HEL-S-68p; MIG10; PGKA"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            366..510
                     /gene="PGK1"
                     /gene_synonym="HEL-S-68p; MIG10; PGKA"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            511..614
                     /gene="PGK1"
                     /gene_synonym="HEL-S-68p; MIG10; PGKA"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            615..734
                     /gene="PGK1"
                     /gene_synonym="HEL-S-68p; MIG10; PGKA"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            735..849
                     /gene="PGK1"
                     /gene_synonym="HEL-S-68p; MIG10; PGKA"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            850..1029
                     /gene="PGK1"
                     /gene_synonym="HEL-S-68p; MIG10; PGKA"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1030..1207
                     /gene="PGK1"
                     /gene_synonym="HEL-S-68p; MIG10; PGKA"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1208..1306
                     /gene="PGK1"
                     /gene_synonym="HEL-S-68p; MIG10; PGKA"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1307..4812
                     /gene="PGK1"
                     /gene_synonym="HEL-S-68p; MIG10; PGKA"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      1765..1770
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="PGK1"
                     /gene_synonym="HEL-S-68p; MIG10; PGKA"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     polyA_site      1790
                     /gene="PGK1"
                     /gene_synonym="HEL-S-68p; MIG10; PGKA"
                     /note="major polyA site"
     regulatory      2326..2331
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="PGK1"
                     /gene_synonym="HEL-S-68p; MIG10; PGKA"
                     /note="hexamer: ATTAAA"
     polyA_site      2348
                     /gene="PGK1"
                     /gene_synonym="HEL-S-68p; MIG10; PGKA"
     regulatory      2446..2451
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="PGK1"
                     /gene_synonym="HEL-S-68p; MIG10; PGKA"
                     /note="hexamer: ATTAAA"
     polyA_site      2466
                     /gene="PGK1"
                     /gene_synonym="HEL-S-68p; MIG10; PGKA"
     regulatory      4792..4797
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="PGK1"
                     /gene_synonym="HEL-S-68p; MIG10; PGKA"
                     /note="hexamer: ATTAAA"
     polyA_site      4812
                     /gene="PGK1"
                     /gene_synonym="HEL-S-68p; MIG10; PGKA"
ORIGIN      
        1 gttccgcatt ctgcaagcct ccggagcgca cgtcggcagt cggctccctc gttgaccgaa
       61 tcaccgacct ctctccccag ctgtatttcc aaaatgtcgc tttctaacaa gctgacgctg
      121 gacaagctgg acgttaaagg gaagcgggtc gttatgagag tcgacttcaa tgttcctatg
      181 aagaacaacc agataacaaa caaccagagg attaaggctg ctgtcccaag catcaaattc
      241 tgcttggaca atggagccaa gtcggtagtc cttatgagcc acctaggccg gcctgatggt
      301 gtgcccatgc ctgacaagta ctccttagag ccagttgctg tagaactcaa atctctgctg
      361 ggcaaggatg ttctgttctt gaaggactgt gtaggcccag aagtggagaa agcctgtgcc
      421 aacccagctg ctgggtctgt catcctgctg gagaacctcc gctttcatgt ggaggaagaa
      481 gggaagggaa aagatgcttc tgggaacaag gttaaagccg agccagccaa aatagaagct
      541 ttccgagctt cactttccaa gctaggggat gtctatgtca atgatgcttt tggcactgct
      601 cacagagccc acagctccat ggtaggagtc aatctgccac agaaggctgg tgggtttttg
      661 atgaagaagg agctgaacta ctttgcaaag gccttggaga gcccagagcg acccttcctg
      721 gccatcctgg gcggagctaa agttgcagac aagatccagc tcatcaataa tatgctggac
      781 aaagtcaatg agatgattat tggtggtgga atggctttta ccttccttaa ggtgctcaac
      841 aacatggaga ttggcacttc tctgtttgat gaagagggag ccaagattgt caaagaccta
      901 atgtccaaag ctgagaagaa tggtgtgaag attaccttgc ctgttgactt tgtcactgct
      961 gacaagtttg atgagaatgc caagactggc caagccactg tggcttctgg catacctgct
     1021 ggctggatgg gcttggactg tggtcctgaa agcagcaaga agtatgctga ggctgtcact
     1081 cgggctaagc agattgtgtg gaatggtcct gtgggggtat ttgaatggga agcttttgcc
     1141 cggggaacca aagctctcat ggatgaggtg gtgaaagcca cttctagggg ctgcatcacc
     1201 atcataggtg gtggagacac tgccacttgc tgtgccaaat ggaacacgga ggataaagtc
     1261 agccatgtga gcactggggg tggtgccagt ttggagctcc tggaaggtaa agtccttcct
     1321 ggggtggatg ctctcagcaa tatttagtac tttcctgcct tttagttcct gtgcacagcc
     1381 cctaagtcaa cttagcattt tctgcatctc cacttggcat tagctaaaac cttccatgtc
     1441 aagattcagc tagtggccaa gagatgcagt gccaggaacc cttaaacagt tgcacagcat
     1501 ctcagctcat cttcactgca ccctggattt gcatacattc ttcaagatcc catttgaatt
     1561 ttttagtgac taaaccattg tgcattctag agtgcatata tttatatttt gcctgttaaa
     1621 aagaaagtga gcagtgttag cttagttctc ttttgatgta ggttattatg attagctttg
     1681 tcactgtttc actactcagc atggaaacaa gatgaaattc catttgtagg tagtgagaca
     1741 aaattgatga tccattaagt aaacaataaa agtgtccatt gaaaccgtga tttttttttt
     1801 tttcctgtca tactttgtta ggaagggtga gaatagaatc ttgaggaacg gatcagatgt
     1861 ctatattgct gaatgcaaga agtggggcag cagcagtgga gagatgggac aattagataa
     1921 atgtccattc tttatcaagg gcctacttta tggcagacat tgtgctagtg cttttattct
     1981 aacttttatt tttatcagtt acacatgatc ataatttaaa aagtcaaggc ttataacaaa
     2041 aaagccccag cccattcctc ccattcaaga ttcccactcc ccagaggtga ccactttcaa
     2101 ctcttgagtt tttcaggtat atacctccat gtttctaagt aatatgctta tattgttcac
     2161 ttcttttttt tttatttttt aaagaaatct atttcatacc atggaggaag gctctgttcc
     2221 acatatattt ccacttcttc attctctcgg tatagttttg tcacaattat agattagatc
     2281 aaaagtctac ataactaata cagctgagct atgtagtatg ctatgattaa atttacttat
     2341 gtaactttta ttgtctttgg cattaacagt gtttcaaaaa attttctgtg tatacccatc
     2401 agtgattcat tcccaaatct tctagaagca taagtgtctc aatatattaa aacatattga
     2461 ataatccttg ttagagttat ccctgcagga gtccttagtg ctcctttatc caatttgtac
     2521 ttgatgccct ctaggcaggg tgtacagcta gctgttgctc tggtatttcc tataaccttc
     2581 ttggggattt cttttacctc ctgtgttaga ctcctgtttt ctggattccc ccttttccct
     2641 ctttcttggt ctactttttg tagaacacaa gactctacta gcttcctgag aaagggtgcc
     2701 tgggaggcaa aatctctaag actttgtaag tctgaaaatg tctttattcg acccttatac
     2761 ttgattccta gtttggctat atatagaatt ttagcctgag tatcactttt tgagactcga
     2821 agccactgtt tcattgtcac tattgagaat ctaaatggcc attcggattc tttcatcatc
     2881 tttataattt taccttccta tttctttcct gtccttttaa tggagttttg ggagagagca
     2941 gaggtaaaca tgatttgaaa aagccatgtc tgaccagaaa ttctgtgctg gaaagatatg
     3001 tatttcacct ttagggacaa agaaataaac ttttggacag gaccacagag ctagtaagta
     3061 acagcaggga ttcaagtcca ggtttgtctg gttccagtgg ctgatgcttt tccaatgtgc
     3121 ctccgtccct gacatgatgc ttctaggcta tagatgcttc tagactctat ccctgacatg
     3181 atgcttctag actattttgt ttaaccctgg atagaatagc aaaagaaaat tttggtggtt
     3241 gctctaaaca aaacagaaat ttgaaagctc aagttttttc ttcatttgta ttttagttaa
     3301 tactgtaccc atatttgtag ttaattttaa attgtaccat gtttctgcat acctctatgg
     3361 gtactcagga attctagtcc aatttttgtg actttttcct actgattacc tttcctccaa
     3421 cgttttaaaa attatttcaa atggaactga aagaagcata aactcccata aacccagcac
     3481 ctagactcta caattgccaa cattatctat ccaacaatct ctgactgtac cttttaagta
     3541 ctttctactg gactgtttcc aggatcaccc ctcatttatt tgggttgtta acctaaagaa
     3601 tgaatggggg aatctccagt cataaacaac ttgtcaatta ggcaaatatt tgagttcctt
     3661 ctatgtgctt aaagacgtga tagagggaat ataagagcat ttatgttctg aaggaatttt
     3721 taacctaacc aaagaagata gtagataact tgtgtgcata taagctagaa cagtataagg
     3781 ggccgggcat ggtggcttac gcctgtaatc ccaggacttt gggaggccaa ggcgggcaga
     3841 tcacctgtca ggagtttggg accagcctgg ccaacatggt gaaaccccgt ttctaccaaa
     3901 aatacaaaaa ttagccgggc gtggtggcgt gtgccactgt agtcccagct attcagaagg
     3961 ctgaggcagg agaatcactt gaacccggga ggtggaggtt gcagtgagct gagatcacgc
     4021 tactgcattc ctgcttgggc gacagagtga gactctgcct caaaacaaaa accccacaaa
     4081 acagtataag gatgtgcttt ctaatttgga attatgaatt attggtaaaa tattgcaaag
     4141 gtgtatgctt taagttgtaa attcaccttt aaccctagac tatatatgtg tgtttatatg
     4201 cagaaaaaaa taattcccat gtcgtaagtg aacaatttgg ttctttagct cagtgttttc
     4261 ctgttttctt catttccaaa atttccctct agcacagggg tttacacatg atcaaaaagg
     4321 agtatacaat gaagacacct tcctcagtcc cctacctacc agtttccctc cccagaagca
     4381 acctctggaa gaccagtttc tttcaatcta aggctattta atatacatta agaggccggg
     4441 cgcagtggct cacgcctgta atcccaacaa cactttggga ggcccaggca ggcgggtcat
     4501 gaggtcagga gattgagacc atcctggcta acacggtgaa accctgtctc tactaaaaat
     4561 acaaaaaatt agctgggcgt gatggtgggc gcctgtagtc ccagctactc gggaggctga
     4621 ggcaggagaa tggcgtgaac ctgggaagcg gagctcgcag tgagccgaga tcacgccact
     4681 gcactccagc ctgggcaaca gtgagactct gcataaagag catacccatg tgtgtaccta
     4741 tctatctatc tatctatcta tctatctatc tatctatctg tatatagata tattaaaatg
     4801 taaatggtgg ca
//
