LOCUS       NM_001135690            1251 bp    mRNA    linear   PRI 08-JUN-2024
DEFINITION  Homo sapiens proenkephalin (PENK), mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_001135690
VERSION     NM_001135690.3
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; MANE Select.
SOURCE      Homo sapiens (human)
  ORGANISM  Homo sapiens
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
            Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 1251)
  AUTHORS   Bullen,A.L., Katz,R., Poursadrolah,S., Short,S.A.P., Long,D.L.,
            Cheung,K.L., Sharma,S., Al-Rousan,T., Fregoso,A., Schulte,J.,
            Gutierrez,O.M., Shlipak,M.G., Cushman,M., Ix,J.H. and Rifkin,D.E.
  TITLE     Plasma proenkephalin A and incident chronic kidney disease and
            albuminuria in the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in
            Stroke (REGARDS) cohort
  JOURNAL   BMC Nephrol 25 (1), 16 (2024)
   PUBMED   38200454
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Plasma proenkephalin A and incident chronic kidney disease
            and albuminuria in the REasons for Geographic And Racial
            Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) cohort.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 1251)
  AUTHORS   Lin,L.C., Chuan,M.H., Liu,J.H., Liao,H.W., Ng,L.L., Magnusson,M.,
            Jujic,A., Pan,H.C., Wu,V.C. and Forni,L.G.
  TITLE     Proenkephalin as a biomarker correlates with acute kidney injury: a
            systematic review with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis
  JOURNAL   Crit Care 27 (1), 481 (2023)
   PUBMED   38057904
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Proenkephalin as a biomarker correlates with acute kidney
            injury: a systematic review with meta-analysis and trial sequential
            analysis.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 1251)
  AUTHORS   Zhang,H.P., Yu,Z.L., Wu,B.B. and Sun,F.R.
  TITLE     PENK inhibits osteosarcoma cell migration by activating the
            PI3K/Akt signaling pathway
  JOURNAL   J Orthop Surg Res 15 (1), 162 (2020)
   PUBMED   32334633
  REMARK    GeneRIF: PENK inhibits osteosarcoma cell migration by activating
            the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 1251)
  AUTHORS   Gruber,P., Fluri,F., Schweizer,J., Luft,A., Muller,B.,
            Christ-Crain,M. and Katan,M.
  TITLE     Proenkephalin A Adds No Incremental Prognostic Value After Acute
            Ischemic Stroke
  JOURNAL   Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 26, 1076029619895318 (2020)
   PUBMED   31973568
  REMARK    GeneRIF: PENK-A was neither independently associated with
            functional outcome (OR: 1.29, 95% CI: 0.16-10.35) nor mortality
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 1251)
  AUTHORS   Liu,F., Housley,P.R. and Wilson,S.P.
  TITLE     Initial processing of human proenkephalin in bovine chromaffin
            cells
  JOURNAL   J Neurochem 67 (4), 1457-1462 (1996)
   PUBMED   8858927
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 1251)
  AUTHORS   Lindberg,I. and Shaw,E.
  TITLE     Posttranslational processing of proenkephalin in SK-N-MC cells:
            evidence for phosphorylation
  JOURNAL   J Neurochem 58 (2), 448-453 (1992)
   PUBMED   1729392
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 1251)
  AUTHORS   Litt,M., Buroker,N.E., Kondoleon,S., Douglass,J., Liston,D.,
            Sheehy,R. and Magenis,R.E.
  TITLE     Chromosomal localization of the human proenkephalin and
            prodynorphin genes
  JOURNAL   Am J Hum Genet 42 (2), 327-334 (1988)
   PUBMED   2893547
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 1251)
  AUTHORS   Legon,S., Glover,D.M., Hughes,J., Lowry,P.J., Rigby,P.W. and
            Watson,C.J.
  TITLE     The structure and expression of the preproenkephalin gene
  JOURNAL   Nucleic Acids Res 10 (24), 7905-7918 (1982)
   PUBMED   6761648
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 1251)
  AUTHORS   Noda,M., Teranishi,Y., Takahashi,H., Toyosato,M., Notake,M.,
            Nakanishi,S. and Numa,S.
  TITLE     Isolation and structural organization of the human preproenkephalin
            gene
  JOURNAL   Nature 297 (5865), 431-434 (1982)
   PUBMED   6281660
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 1251)
  AUTHORS   Comb,M., Seeburg,P.H., Adelman,J., Eiden,L. and Herbert,E.
  TITLE     Primary structure of the human Met- and Leu-enkephalin precursor
            and its mRNA
  JOURNAL   Nature 295 (5851), 663-666 (1982)
   PUBMED   7057924
COMMENT     REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The
            reference sequence was derived from AK314908.1 and BI496610.1.
            
            On Nov 24, 2018 this sequence version replaced NM_001135690.2.
            
            Summary: This gene encodes a preproprotein that is proteolytically
            processed to generate multiple protein products. These products
            include the pentapeptide opioids Met-enkephalin and Leu-enkephalin,
            which are stored in synaptic vesicles, then released into the
            synapse where they bind to mu- and delta-opioid receptors to
            modulate the perception of pain. Other non-opioid cleavage products
            may function in distinct biological activities. [provided by
            RefSeq, Jul 2015].
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: SRR5189667.173079.1,
                                           SRR1660805.88477.1 [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: mixed sample support SAMEA1965299,
                                           SAMEA1966682 [ECO:0006172]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            MANE Ensembl match     :: ENST00000451791.7/ ENSP00000400894.2
            RefSeq Select criteria :: based on single protein-coding transcript
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: full length.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-936               AK314908.1         35-970
            937-1251            BI496610.1         22-336              c
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..1251
                     /organism="Homo sapiens"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:9606"
                     /chromosome="8"
                     /map="8q12.1"
     gene            1..1251
                     /gene="PENK"
                     /gene_synonym="PE; PENK-A"
                     /note="proenkephalin"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:5179"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:8831"
                     /db_xref="MIM:131330"
     exon            1..73
                     /gene="PENK"
                     /gene_synonym="PE; PENK-A"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            74..129
                     /gene="PENK"
                     /gene_synonym="PE; PENK-A"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            130..270
                     /gene="PENK"
                     /gene_synonym="PE; PENK-A"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             133..936
                     /gene="PENK"
                     /gene_synonym="PE; PENK-A"
                     /note="preproenkephalin; enkephalin A; proenkephalin-A;
                     peptide F"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="proenkephalin-A preproprotein"
                     /protein_id="NP_001129162.1"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS6168.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:5179"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:8831"
                     /db_xref="MIM:131330"
                     /translation="MARFLTLCTWLLLLGPGLLATVRAECSQDCATCSYRLVRPADIN
                     FLACVMECEGKLPSLKIWETCKELLQLSKPELPQDGTSTLRENSKPEESHLLAKRYGG
                     FMKRYGGFMKKMDELYPMEPEEEANGSEILAKRYGGFMKKDAEEDDSLANSSDLLKEL
                     LETGDNRERSHHQDGSDNEEEVSKRYGGFMRGLKRSPQLEDEAKELQKRYGGFMRRVG
                     RPEWWMDYQKRYGGFLKRFAEALPSDEEGESYSKEVPEMEKRYGGFMRF"
     exon            271..1251
                     /gene="PENK"
                     /gene_synonym="PE; PENK-A"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      1228..1233
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="PENK"
                     /gene_synonym="PE; PENK-A"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     polyA_site      1251
                     /gene="PENK"
                     /gene_synonym="PE; PENK-A"
                     /note="major polyA site"
ORIGIN      
        1 gggacggcga ggcaggcgct cagagccccg cagcctggcc cgtgaccccg cagagacgct
       61 gaggaccgcg acgagtcgtg tctgaacccg gcttttccaa ttggcctgct ccatccgaac
      121 agcgtcaact ccatggcgcg gttcctgaca ctttgcactt ggctgctgtt gctcggcccc
      181 gggctcctgg cgaccgtgcg ggccgaatgc agccaggatt gcgcgacgtg cagctaccgc
      241 ctagtgcgcc cggccgacat caacttcctg gcttgcgtaa tggaatgtga aggtaaactg
      301 ccttctctga aaatttggga aacctgcaag gagctcctgc agctgtccaa accagagctt
      361 cctcaagatg gcaccagcac cctcagagaa aatagcaaac cggaagaaag ccatttgcta
      421 gccaaaaggt atgggggctt catgaaaagg tatggaggct tcatgaagaa aatggatgag
      481 ctttatccca tggagccaga agaagaggcc aatggaagtg agatcctcgc caagcggtat
      541 gggggcttca tgaagaagga tgcagaggag gacgactcgc tggccaattc ctcagacctg
      601 ctaaaagagc ttctggaaac aggggacaac cgagagcgta gccaccacca ggatggcagt
      661 gataatgagg aagaagtgag caagagatat gggggcttca tgagaggctt aaagagaagc
      721 ccccaactgg aagatgaagc caaagagctg cagaagcgat atgggggctt catgagaaga
      781 gtaggtcgcc cagagtggtg gatggactac cagaaacggt atggaggttt cctgaagcgc
      841 tttgccgagg ctctgccctc cgacgaagaa ggcgaaagtt actccaaaga agttcctgaa
      901 atggaaaaaa gatacggagg atttatgaga ttttaatatc ttttcccact agtggcccca
      961 ggccccagca agcctccctc catcctccag tgggaaactg ttgatggtgt tttattgtca
     1021 tgtgttgctt gccttgtata gttgacttca ttgtctggat aactatacaa cctgaaaact
     1081 gtcatttcag gttctgtgct ctttttggag tctttaagct cagtattagt ctattgcagc
     1141 tatctcgttt tcatgctaaa atagtttttg ttatcttgtc tcttattttt gacaaacatc
     1201 aataaatgct tacttgtata tagagataat aaacctatta ccccaagtgc a
//
