LOCUS       NM_024411               2556 bp    mRNA    linear   PRI 19-SEP-2024
DEFINITION  Homo sapiens prodynorphin (PDYN), transcript variant 1, mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_024411
VERSION     NM_024411.5
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; MANE Select.
SOURCE      Homo sapiens (human)
  ORGANISM  Homo sapiens
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
            Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 2556)
  AUTHORS   Ozkan-Kotiloglu,S., Kaya-Akyuzlu,D., Yurdakul,R., Yildirim,M.A. and
            Ozgur-Ilhan,I.
  TITLE     Effect of PDYN and OPRK1 polymorphisms on the risk of alcohol use
            disorder and the intensity of depressive symptoms
  JOURNAL   Alcohol Alcohol 58 (4), 404-414 (2023)
   PUBMED   37177778
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Effect of PDYN and OPRK1 polymorphisms on the risk of
            alcohol use disorder and the intensity of depressive symptoms.
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 2556)
  AUTHORS   Senormanci,G., Turan,C., Celik,S.K., Celik,A., Edgunlu,T.G.,
            Akbas,D., Akca,A.S.D. and Senormanci,O.
  TITLE     Prodynorphin (PDYN) gene polymorphisms in Turkish patients with
            methamphetamine use disorder, changes in PDYN serum levels in
            withdrawal and the relationship between PDYN, temperament and
            depression
  JOURNAL   J Ethn Subst Abuse 21 (2), 522-537 (2022)
   PUBMED   32597371
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Prodynorphin (PDYN) gene polymorphisms in Turkish patients
            with methamphetamine use disorder, changes in PDYN serum levels in
            withdrawal and the relationship between PDYN, temperament and
            depression.
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 2556)
  AUTHORS   Huttlin,E.L., Bruckner,R.J., Navarrete-Perea,J., Cannon,J.R.,
            Baltier,K., Gebreab,F., Gygi,M.P., Thornock,A., Zarraga,G., Tam,S.,
            Szpyt,J., Gassaway,B.M., Panov,A., Parzen,H., Fu,S., Golbazi,A.,
            Maenpaa,E., Stricker,K., Guha Thakurta,S., Zhang,T., Rad,R.,
            Pan,J., Nusinow,D.P., Paulo,J.A., Schweppe,D.K., Vaites,L.P.,
            Harper,J.W. and Gygi,S.P.
  TITLE     Dual proteome-scale networks reveal cell-specific remodeling of the
            human interactome
  JOURNAL   Cell 184 (11), 3022-3040 (2021)
   PUBMED   33961781
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 2556)
  AUTHORS   Lim,G.E., Park,J.E., Cho,Y.H., Lim,D.S., Kim,A.J., Moh,S.H.,
            Lee,J.H. and Lee,J.S.
  TITLE     Alpha-neoendorphin can reduce UVB-induced skin photoaging by
            activating cellular autophagy
  JOURNAL   Arch Biochem Biophys 689, 108437 (2020)
   PUBMED   32526201
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Alpha-neoendorphin can reduce UVB-induced skin photoaging
            by activating cellular autophagy.
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 2556)
  AUTHORS   Wang,C.W., Ma,M., Lu,W.G. and Luo,R.Q.
  TITLE     Association between prodynorphin gene polymorphisms and opioid
            dependence susceptibility: a meta-analysis
  JOURNAL   BMC Psychiatry 19 (1), 281 (2019)
   PUBMED   31510971
  REMARK    GeneRIF: In this meta-analysis, a significant association was found
            between rs1022563 prodynorphin gene polymorphism and opioid
            dependence among Asian populations.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 2556)
  AUTHORS   Perlman,S.
  TITLE     Hereditary Ataxia Overview
  JOURNAL   (in) Adam MP, Feldman J, Mirzaa GM, Pagon RA, Wallace SE, Bean LJH,
            Gripp KW and Amemiya A (Eds.);
            GENEREVIEWS(R);
            (1993)
   PUBMED   20301317
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 2556)
  AUTHORS   Summar,M.L., Phillips,J.A. 3rd, Battey,J., Castiglione,C.M.,
            Kidd,K.K., Maness,K.J., Weiffenbach,B. and Gravius,T.C.
  TITLE     Linkage relationships of human arginine vasopressin-neurophysin-II
            and oxytocin-neurophysin-I to prodynorphin and other loci on
            chromosome 20
  JOURNAL   Mol Endocrinol 4 (6), 947-950 (1990)
   PUBMED   1978246
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 2556)
  AUTHORS   Litt,M., Buroker,N.E., Kondoleon,S., Douglass,J., Liston,D.,
            Sheehy,R. and Magenis,R.E.
  TITLE     Chromosomal localization of the human proenkephalin and
            prodynorphin genes
  JOURNAL   Am J Hum Genet 42 (2), 327-334 (1988)
   PUBMED   2893547
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 2556)
  AUTHORS   Horikawa,S., Takai,T., Toyosato,M., Takahashi,H., Noda,M.,
            Kakidani,H., Kubo,T., Hirose,T., Inayama,S., Hayashida,H. et al.
  TITLE     Isolation and structural organization of the human preproenkephalin
            B gene
  JOURNAL   Nature 306 (5943), 611-614 (1983)
   PUBMED   6316163
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 2556)
  AUTHORS   Noda,M., Teranishi,Y., Takahashi,H., Toyosato,M., Notake,M.,
            Nakanishi,S. and Numa,S.
  TITLE     Isolation and structural organization of the human preproenkephalin
            gene
  JOURNAL   Nature 297 (5865), 431-434 (1982)
   PUBMED   6281660
COMMENT     REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The
            reference sequence was derived from DA178888.1, BC026334.1 and
            AL034562.3.
            This sequence is a reference standard in the RefSeqGene project.
            
            On Nov 23, 2018 this sequence version replaced NM_024411.4.
            
            Summary: The protein encoded by this gene is a preproprotein that
            is proteolytically processed to form the secreted opioid peptides
            beta-neoendorphin, dynorphin, leu-enkephalin, rimorphin, and
            leumorphin. These peptides are ligands for the kappa-type of opioid
            receptor. Dynorphin is involved in modulating responses to several
            psychoactive substances, including cocaine. Multiple alternatively
            spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein have been
            found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2010].
            
            Transcript Variant: This variant (1) and variants 2-5 encode the
            same protein.
            
            Sequence Note: This RefSeq record was created from transcript and
            genomic sequence data to make the sequence consistent with the
            reference genome assembly. The genomic coordinates used for the
            transcript record were based on transcript alignments.
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: SRR1803616.45116.1, BC026334.1
                                           [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: mixed sample support SAMEA1968968,
                                           SAMEA2145743 [ECO:0006172]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            MANE Ensembl match     :: ENST00000217305.3/ ENSP00000217305.2
            RefSeq Select criteria :: based on conservation, expression,
                                      longest protein
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: full length.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-2                 DA178888.1         188-189
            3-1734              BC026334.1         3-1734
            1735-2022           AL034562.3         59166-59453         c
            2023-2556           BC026334.1         2023-2556
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..2556
                     /organism="Homo sapiens"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:9606"
                     /chromosome="20"
                     /map="20p13"
     gene            1..2556
                     /gene="PDYN"
                     /gene_synonym="ADCA; PENKB; SCA23"
                     /note="prodynorphin"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:5173"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:8820"
                     /db_xref="MIM:131340"
     exon            1..148
                     /gene="PDYN"
                     /gene_synonym="ADCA; PENKB; SCA23"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            149..208
                     /gene="PDYN"
                     /gene_synonym="ADCA; PENKB; SCA23"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            209..356
                     /gene="PDYN"
                     /gene_synonym="ADCA; PENKB; SCA23"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             228..992
                     /gene="PDYN"
                     /gene_synonym="ADCA; PENKB; SCA23"
                     /note="preproenkephalin B; leu-enkephalin; rimorphin;
                     leumorphin; preprodynorphin; proenkephalin-B;
                     beta-neoendorphin-dynorphin;
                     neoendorphin-dynorphin-enkephalin prepropeptide"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="proenkephalin-B preproprotein"
                     /protein_id="NP_077722.1"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS13023.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:5173"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:8820"
                     /db_xref="MIM:131340"
                     /translation="MAWQGLVLAACLLMFPSTTADCLSRCSLCAVKTQDGPKPINPLI
                     CSLQCQAALLPSEEWERCQSFLSFFTPSTLGLNDKEDLGSKSVGEGPYSELAKLSGSF
                     LKELEKSKFLPSISTKENTLSKSLEEKLRGLSDGFREGAESELMRDAQLNDGAMETGT
                     LYLAEEDPKEQVKRYGGFLRKYPKRSSEVAGEGDGDSMGHEDLYKRYGGFLRRIRPKL
                     KWDNQKRYGGFLRRQFKVVTRSQEDPNAYSGELFDA"
     exon            357..2556
                     /gene="PDYN"
                     /gene_synonym="ADCA; PENKB; SCA23"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      2534..2539
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="PDYN"
                     /gene_synonym="ADCA; PENKB; SCA23"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     polyA_site      2556
                     /gene="PDYN"
                     /gene_synonym="ADCA; PENKB; SCA23"
                     /note="major polyA site"
ORIGIN      
        1 catttgaagg ggctttggtg gtgttcacag ctgcctcttt ggcacctcct cccaagccgg
       61 agtcaaggag gcccctgagc cttggaccag ccactgccac ctccgacctg ctcggccaga
      121 agctgcccag ggacaaagca gagtgcaggt catttatctt caggctttga gatctgcgtg
      181 gggggagctg ttgcagcagc ccaagccgca ggaattgctg agacaggatg gcctggcagg
      241 ggctggtcct ggctgcctgc ctcctcatgt tcccctccac cacagcggac tgcctgtcgc
      301 ggtgctcctt gtgtgctgta aagacccagg atggtcccaa acctatcaat cccctgattt
      361 gctccctgca atgccaggct gccctgctgc cctctgagga atgggagaga tgccagagct
      421 ttctgtcttt tttcaccccc tccacccttg ggctcaatga caaggaggac ttggggagca
      481 agtcggttgg ggaagggccc tacagtgagc tggccaagct ctctgggtca ttcctgaagg
      541 agctggagaa aagcaagttt ctcccaagta tctcaacaaa ggagaacact ctgagcaaga
      601 gcctggagga gaagctcagg ggtctctctg acgggtttag ggagggagca gagtctgagc
      661 tgatgaggga tgcccagctg aacgatggtg ccatggagac tggcacactc tatctcgctg
      721 aggaggaccc caaggagcag gtcaaacgct atgggggctt tttgcgcaaa taccccaaga
      781 ggagctcaga ggtggctggg gagggggacg gggatagcat gggccatgag gacctgtaca
      841 aacgctatgg gggcttcttg cggcgcattc gtcccaagct caagtgggac aaccagaagc
      901 gctatggcgg ttttctccgg cgccagttca aggtggtgac tcggtctcag gaagatccga
      961 atgcttactc tggagagctt tttgatgcat aagcacctct tttcatggag tagagtcagg
     1021 agaaacccct gacacctttt caggttggag tgcattcatt catcctctta tatgtgcccc
     1081 ttccccatgc tcagctcagc attgtgtaca aaatatccaa gcccagccta tctctcttct
     1141 gcgtgggagt atgttatttc tctggggtct gtgatgggga agggtggatg tcccttcccc
     1201 acaataggct tagtgcttgg ctcagacacc tagactctaa aactatcagc agcggcagca
     1261 gcagcagcag cagcagtttg tgatctgtcc ttccaacctg ttcacgtgac tcctcaattc
     1321 cagggaacca gagcgatgtg ttctttgtac ctgtaggtct atgatgtcca aacttaacag
     1381 atcacatgcc cctcttagaa gaaatatgag catgctccct catgcagata gtatacacat
     1441 cataaacaaa gagtagaact ttaaaagaag gtaaataatc atacacagaa atcctaacat
     1501 tatattccca aatctcaaaa gatctcctgt gcacctgact ttggagacga tgctttaggt
     1561 aaaaagctta aacattgcct tatattggat caggaaccct tacagtagag ggtccagtct
     1621 tctagtgggt ttaatgttta gtcagtgtac tctgagtcct cattgttcag aaaagcacct
     1681 cttgaagaac tgacttcctg aactcccagt catgttggta ccctggacag tgcctaactc
     1741 cttacagaag ggagtgaaaa cctctttcgg aaatgattga gagcagcctc ttgaatgctt
     1801 aaatgatcaa ggagggagaa aggcaaacca atttgttctg tgcaacaaac tcaaaatgtg
     1861 gaccagttcc ctcagccctc attaaactaa ttaaactgat gggtatcatg cttctactcc
     1921 atggtgaact gaagcagagt caagctgatg aagttaagca caaccatgtt cttgagcagc
     1981 tgaattggct gccaagagtc caagccatct ggcccaacat acgcactggg cattgggtaa
     2041 gggactccag aagcagcagc tagaaagaga aaaagccctc ttcaatcccc ataatgcttc
     2101 tttcctctta atgtctcaaa ataaaaccag aaagaggaat aaaatgatta agtgcttgag
     2161 gccaaatgag ttcccttgat tcaaataacc ctgaatcaga ggcagagacc tcctgatgtc
     2221 ttggtttcca tcaaagccct ccctgtctgt ctgtctctct tttgctctct cattcccagg
     2281 cactctcttt tggtttgtgg gtccaggaga tgaggctgga taggagagga aaaggcttga
     2341 gtctggataa tttgtataag atgctgctga gcacatctct tcatgcgcag tccccaggta
     2401 tctgatgatg ttctgaaatg gatagattgt tttagagtta ttttgtgtcc tttaaaaaaa
     2461 tcccatttat gcaatttact tggaatttgc ttagccttta ataggcttgt gtaatttcct
     2521 gctcctccag tacaataaat aaaagaaaga tgctga
//
