LOCUS       NM_020957               3840 bp    mRNA    linear   PRI 11-JUN-2024
DEFINITION  Homo sapiens protocadherin beta 16 (PCDHB16), mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_020957
VERSION     NM_020957.4
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; MANE Select.
SOURCE      Homo sapiens (human)
  ORGANISM  Homo sapiens
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
            Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 3840)
  AUTHORS   Gevaert,K., Goethals,M., Martens,L., Van Damme,J., Staes,A.,
            Thomas,G.R. and Vandekerckhove,J.
  TITLE     Exploring proteomes and analyzing protein processing by mass
            spectrometric identification of sorted N-terminal peptides
  JOURNAL   Nat Biotechnol 21 (5), 566-569 (2003)
   PUBMED   12665801
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 3840)
  AUTHORS   Frank,M. and Kemler,R.
  TITLE     Protocadherins
  JOURNAL   Curr Opin Cell Biol 14 (5), 557-562 (2002)
   PUBMED   12231349
  REMARK    Review article
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 3840)
  AUTHORS   Vanhalst,K., Kools,P., Vanden Eynde,E. and van Roy,F.
  TITLE     The human and murine protocadherin-beta one-exon gene families show
            high evolutionary conservation, despite the difference in gene
            number
  JOURNAL   FEBS Lett 495 (1-2), 120-125 (2001)
   PUBMED   11322959
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 3840)
  AUTHORS   Wu,Q., Zhang,T., Cheng,J.F., Kim,Y., Grimwood,J., Schmutz,J.,
            Dickson,M., Noonan,J.P., Zhang,M.Q., Myers,R.M. and Maniatis,T.
  TITLE     Comparative DNA sequence analysis of mouse and human protocadherin
            gene clusters
  JOURNAL   Genome Res 11 (3), 389-404 (2001)
   PUBMED   11230163
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 3840)
  AUTHORS   Nollet,F., Kools,P. and van Roy,F.
  TITLE     Phylogenetic analysis of the cadherin superfamily allows
            identification of six major subfamilies besides several solitary
            members
  JOURNAL   J Mol Biol 299 (3), 551-572 (2000)
   PUBMED   10835267
  REMARK    Review article
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 3840)
  AUTHORS   Yagi,T. and Takeichi,M.
  TITLE     Cadherin superfamily genes: functions, genomic organization, and
            neurologic diversity
  JOURNAL   Genes Dev 14 (10), 1169-1180 (2000)
   PUBMED   10817752
  REMARK    Review article
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 3840)
  AUTHORS   Wu,Q. and Maniatis,T.
  TITLE     Large exons encoding multiple ectodomains are a characteristic
            feature of protocadherin genes
  JOURNAL   Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 97 (7), 3124-3129 (2000)
   PUBMED   10716726
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 3840)
  AUTHORS   Wu,Q. and Maniatis,T.
  TITLE     A striking organization of a large family of human neural
            cadherin-like cell adhesion genes
  JOURNAL   Cell 97 (6), 779-790 (1999)
   PUBMED   10380929
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 3840)
  AUTHORS   Matsuyoshi,N., Tanaka,T., Toda,K. and Imamura,S.
  TITLE     Identification of novel cadherins expressed in human melanoma cells
  JOURNAL   J Invest Dermatol 108 (6), 908-913 (1997)
   PUBMED   9182820
COMMENT     REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The
            reference sequence was derived from AC244517.2 and CA438727.1.
            
            On Aug 11, 2020 this sequence version replaced NM_020957.3.
            
            Summary: This gene is a member of the protocadherin beta gene
            cluster, one of three related gene clusters tandemly linked on
            chromosome five. The gene clusters demonstrate an unusual genomic
            organization similar to that of B-cell and T-cell receptor gene
            clusters. The beta cluster contains 16 genes and 3 pseudogenes,
            each encoding 6 extracellular cadherin domains and a cytoplasmic
            tail that deviates from others in the cadherin superfamily. The
            extracellular domains interact in a homophilic manner to specify
            differential cell-cell connections. Unlike the alpha and gamma
            clusters, the transcripts from these genes are made up of only one
            large exon, not sharing common 3' exons as expected. These neural
            cadherin-like cell adhesion proteins are integral plasma membrane
            proteins. Their specific functions are unknown but they most likely
            play a critical role in the establishment and function of specific
            cell-cell neural connections. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008].
            
            Sequence Note: This RefSeq record was created from transcript and
            genomic sequence data to make the sequence consistent with the
            reference genome assembly. The genomic coordinates used for the
            transcript record were based on transcript alignments.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript is intronless :: AB046841.1, BC036062.1 [ECO:0000345]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            MANE Ensembl match     :: ENST00000609684.3/ ENSP00000477314.1
            RefSeq Select criteria :: based on single protein-coding transcript
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: complete on the 3' end.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-3827              AC244517.2         108238-112064
            3828-3835           CA438727.1         18-25               c
            3836-3840           AC244517.2         112073-112077
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..3840
                     /organism="Homo sapiens"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:9606"
                     /chromosome="5"
                     /map="5q31.3"
     gene            1..3840
                     /gene="PCDHB16"
                     /gene_synonym="ME1; PCDH-BETA16; PCDH3X; PCDHB8a"
                     /note="protocadherin beta 16"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:57717"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:14546"
                     /db_xref="MIM:606345"
     exon            1..3840
                     /gene="PCDHB16"
                     /gene_synonym="ME1; PCDH-BETA16; PCDH3X; PCDHB8a"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             174..2504
                     /gene="PCDHB16"
                     /gene_synonym="ME1; PCDH-BETA16; PCDH3X; PCDHB8a"
                     /note="cadherin ME1; protocadherin beta 8a;
                     protocadherin-3x"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="protocadherin beta-16 precursor"
                     /protein_id="NP_066008.2"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS4251.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:57717"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:14546"
                     /db_xref="MIM:606345"
                     /translation="MEIGWMHNRRQRQVLVFFVLLSLSGAGAELGSYSVVEETERGSF
                     VANLGKDLGLGLTEMSTRKARIISQGNKQHLQLKAQTGDLLINEKLDREELCGPTEPC
                     ILHFQVLMENPLEIFQAELRVIDINDHSPMFTEKEMILKIPENSPLGTEFPLNHALDL
                     DVGSNNVQNYKISPSSHFRVLIHEFRDGRKYPELVLDKELDREEEPQLRLTLTALDGG
                     SPPRSGTAQVRIEVVDINDNAPEFEQPIYKVQIPENSPLGSLVATVSARDLDGGANGK
                     ISYTLFQPSEDISKTLEVNPMTGEVRLRKQVDFEMVTSYEVRIKATDGGGLSGKCTLL
                     LQVVDVNDNPPQVTMSALTSPIPENSPEIVVAVFSVSDPDSGNNGKTISSIQEDLPFL
                     LKPSVKNFYTLVTERALDREARAEYNITLTVTDMGTPRLKTEHNITVQISDVNDNAPT
                     FTQTSYTLFVRENNSPALHIGSVSATDRDSGTNAQVTYSLLPPQDPHLPLASLVSINA
                     DNGHLFALRSLDYEALQAFEFRVGATDRGSPALSREALVRVLVLDANDNSPFVLYPLQ
                     NGSAPCTELVPRAAEPGYLVTKVVAVDGDSGQNAWLSYQLLKATEPGLFGVWAHNGEV
                     RTARLLSERDAAKQRLVVLVKDNGEPPRSATATLHVLLVDGFSQPFLPLPEAAPGQTQ
                     ANSLTVYLVVALASVSSLFLFSVLLFVAVRLCRRSRAASVGRCSMPEGPFPGRLVDVS
                     GTGTLSQSYQYEVCLTGGSETSEFKFLKPIIPNFSP"
     regulatory      3469..3474
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="PCDHB16"
                     /gene_synonym="ME1; PCDH-BETA16; PCDH3X; PCDHB8a"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     polyA_site      3495
                     /gene="PCDHB16"
                     /gene_synonym="ME1; PCDH-BETA16; PCDH3X; PCDHB8a"
     regulatory      3813..3818
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="PCDHB16"
                     /gene_synonym="ME1; PCDH-BETA16; PCDH3X; PCDHB8a"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     polyA_site      3840
                     /gene="PCDHB16"
                     /gene_synonym="ME1; PCDH-BETA16; PCDH3X; PCDHB8a"
                     /note="major polyA site"
ORIGIN      
        1 gtttcccaaa gcctggaagc agaagaatag ctgagccaga gcgaacgtga gtgtgaaacc
       61 tctttaagac accgttgggc tgcttggttc tgacattctg gactgcaaaa cagttctact
      121 aggatcctgg ggatacatga agcttctgtg aaccaacttt tcaagaaaaa gcaatggaga
      181 ttggatggat gcacaatcgg agacaaaggc aagtccttgt tttctttgtt ttgctgagct
      241 tgtctggggc gggcgccgag ttggggtcct attccgtagt ggaagaaacg gagagaggct
      301 cttttgtggc aaatctagga aaagacctgg ggttggggtt gacagagatg tccacccgca
      361 aggccaggat catttcccag gggaacaaac agcatttgca gctcaaggct caaactgggg
      421 atttgctcat aaatgagaag ctagatcgag aggagctatg cggtcccact gagccttgca
      481 tactacattt ccaagtgtta atggaaaacc ctttagaaat atttcaggct gaactgaggg
      541 tgatagatat aaatgaccat tctcccatgt tcactgaaaa ggaaatgatt ctaaaaatac
      601 cggaaaacag tcctctagga actgagttcc ctctgaatca tgctttggac ttggacgtag
      661 gaagcaataa tgttcaaaac tataaaatca gcccaagctc tcatttccgg gttctaatcc
      721 atgaattcag agatggcagg aaataccctg agctagtgtt ggataaagag ctggatcggg
      781 aggaggagcc tcaactaaga ttaaccctga cagcgctgga tggtggctct ccaccgcgat
      841 ctggaactgc tcaggtccgt attgaagtgg tggacatcaa tgataacgct cctgagtttg
      901 agcagcccat ctacaaagtg cagattccag agaacagtcc tcttggctcc ctggttgcca
      961 ccgtctccgc cagggattta gacggcggag ccaatggaaa aatatcatac acactctttc
     1021 agccttcgga ggatattagt aaaactttgg aggtaaatcc tatgacaggg gaagttcgac
     1081 tgagaaagca agtagatttc gaaatggtta cgtcttatga agtgcgcatc aaagccacag
     1141 atgggggagg tctttcagga aagtgcactc ttctcctgca ggtggtggac gtgaatgaca
     1201 atcccccaca ggtgaccatg tctgcactca ccagccccat cccagagaac tcgcctgaga
     1261 tagtagttgc tgttttcagc gtttcagatc ctgactccgg aaacaatggg aagacgattt
     1321 cctccatcca ggaagacctt ccctttcttc taaaaccttc agtcaagaac ttttacacct
     1381 tggtaacgga gagagcactc gacagagaag caagagctga atataatatc accctcaccg
     1441 tcacagatat ggggactcca aggctgaaaa cggagcacaa cataacagtg cagatatcag
     1501 atgtcaatga taacgccccc actttcaccc aaacctccta caccctgttc gtccgcgaga
     1561 acaacagccc cgccctgcac atcggcagcg tcagcgccac agacagagac tcgggcacca
     1621 acgcccaggt cacctactcg ctgctgccgc cccaagaccc gcacctgccc ctcgcctccc
     1681 tggtctccat caacgcggac aacggccacc tgttcgccct caggtcgctg gactacgagg
     1741 ccctgcaggc tttcgagttc cgcgtgggcg ccacagaccg cggctccccc gcgctgagca
     1801 gagaggcgct ggtgcgcgtg ctggtgctgg acgccaacga caactcgccc ttcgtgctgt
     1861 acccgctgca gaacggctcc gcgccctgca ctgagctggt gccccgggcg gccgagccgg
     1921 gctacctggt gaccaaggtg gtggcggtgg acggcgactc gggccagaat gcctggctgt
     1981 cgtaccagct gctcaaggcc acggagcccg ggctgttcgg tgtgtgggcg cacaatggcg
     2041 aggtgcgcac cgccaggctg ctgagcgagc gcgacgcagc caagcagagg ctggtggtgc
     2101 tggtcaagga caatggcgag cctccgcgct cggccaccgc cacgctgcac gtgctcctgg
     2161 tggacggctt ctcccagccc ttcctgccgc tcccagaggc ggcccccggc cagacccagg
     2221 ccaactcgct cactgtctac ctggtggtgg cgttggcctc ggtgtcgtcg ctcttcctct
     2281 tttcggtgct cctgttcgtg gcggtgcggc tgtgcaggag gagcagggcg gcctcggtgg
     2341 gccgctgctc gatgcctgag ggcccctttc cagggcgtct ggtggacgta agcggcaccg
     2401 ggaccctgtc ccagagctac caatacgagg tgtgtctgac aggaggctca gaaacaagtg
     2461 agttcaagtt cctgaagccg attatcccca acttctctcc ttagggcact aggaaagaaa
     2521 tagattaaaa ttccaccctt cacaatagct ttggatttaa ttattgatag gaacccattt
     2581 gataaattcc ttaacttctt atgattgtct tgttgattaa attgttcatg ctcaccacca
     2641 ccaataaggt atttttctct gattgttagt tcaaattata ttgttaattc cagtttccct
     2701 tttcctcata tttaccccga agaggtgttg catatagaat cccaattaac aaaatatact
     2761 ttatcttcaa agttgatgtc atttaaaatt tttccgtctt tatattttat ttacttccta
     2821 ttcatttttt gctccatttt tcatgttact tctcagtttc ctagaacttc aagtattaaa
     2881 ataacctgtt gcatgtatta ggcatatttc ctatgttaca tttcttttgt ctattttcct
     2941 ttcaaaattg gtatttttgt tgggctcaat tttcattata atacttttct taaagtttct
     3001 ttctttcttt tcttttcttt cttttttttt ttttcctttt tgagacaggg tcttactctt
     3061 gtcacccagg ctggagtgca gtggtacaat cttggctcac tgcaacctct gcctcctggg
     3121 cccaacggat ccttccacct cagcctccca agtagcttgg actataggtg catgccacca
     3181 tgcctggcta atcttttgca gcgatgggat tttgccaagt tgcccaggct gatcttgaac
     3241 tcctgggctc aagccatcct ccctcctcag cctcccaaaa ttctgggatt acaggcataa
     3301 gccaatgtgc ccatccaaag ttttatttat ttattttttt gagatggagt ctcgtaaagt
     3361 tacctttaaa aaaaaagttc tattttccct gtattggtat ctccttaaat aaaataaaat
     3421 attcctattg taagtgatat gagaaatctt taaccagcct tatctaaaaa taaaaagaga
     3481 agccattgta agacattcag tatgtgtaaa tgtgtttgtg tttgtagaca aaaggcaaag
     3541 gtattatgta aaaatattta ataatttatt ctttctatta ctgaattaaa aaatcagagg
     3601 tccctgttat atttttaatg gctaacaact caatctcatt aagttggaaa aaaaacttat
     3661 caaagagaca tttacatggt ttggctttta tattcatcat agtatacatt ggcggtatct
     3721 agccctttct ctgtaaaata tccctatgtt taatctgtat ttcttgctta ttatatgtaa
     3781 agttgagctt ctttctagat attaggcctt tgaataaaat tctatgtgag tcagatttaa
//
