LOCUS       NM_002576               3459 bp    mRNA    linear   PRI 10-FEB-2025
DEFINITION  Homo sapiens p21 (RAC1) activated kinase 1 (PAK1), transcript
            variant 2, mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_002576
VERSION     NM_002576.5
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; MANE Select.
SOURCE      Homo sapiens (human)
  ORGANISM  Homo sapiens
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
            Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 3459)
  AUTHORS   Kervarrec,T., Westphal,D., Pissaloux,D., Legrand,M., Tirode,F.,
            Neuhart,A., Drouot,F., Becker,J.C., Macagno,N., Seris,A.,
            Jouary,T., Beltzung,F., Jullie,M.L., Harms,P.W., Cribier,B.,
            Mourah,S., Jouenne,F., Fromont,G., Louveau,B., Mancini,M.,
            Kazakov,D.V., de la Fouchardiere,A. and Battistella,M.
  TITLE     Porocarcinomas with PAK1/2/3 fusions: a series of 12 cases
  JOURNAL   Histopathology 85 (4), 566-578 (2024)
   PUBMED   38785043
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Porocarcinomas with PAK1/2/3 fusions: a series of 12
            cases.
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 3459)
  AUTHORS   Zhao,P., Zhang,J., Song,W., Qi,D., Huang,Y., Su,Y., Wu,R., Zhang,L.
            and Zhang,S.
  TITLE     Incarvine C and its analogues inhibit the formation of cell
            cytoskeleton by targeting Rac1
  JOURNAL   Bioorg Chem 149, 107512 (2024)
   PUBMED   38833990
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 3459)
  AUTHORS   Xu,M.H., Zheng,Y.M., Liang,B.G., Xu,W.X., Cao,J., Wang,P.,
            Dong,Z.Y., Zhou,C.H., Sun,H.C., Ren,N., Ke,A.W. and Shen,Y.H.
  TITLE     Deubiquitination of CIB1 by USP14 promotes lenvatinib resistance
            via the PAK1-ERK1/2 axis in hepatocellular carcinoma
  JOURNAL   Int J Biol Sci 20 (9), 3269-3284 (2024)
   PUBMED   38993552
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Deubiquitination of CIB1 by USP14 promotes lenvatinib
            resistance via the PAK1-ERK1/2 axis in hepatocellular carcinoma.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 3459)
  AUTHORS   Luo,Q., Raulston,E.G., Prado,M.A., Wu,X., Gritsman,K., Whalen,K.S.,
            Yan,K., Booth,C.A.G., Xu,R., van Galen,P., Doench,J.G., Shimony,S.,
            Long,H.W., Neuberg,D.S., Paulo,J.A. and Lane,A.A.
  TITLE     Targetable leukaemia dependency on noncanonical PI3Kgamma
            signalling
  JOURNAL   Nature 630 (8015), 198-205 (2024)
   PUBMED   38720074
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Targetable leukaemia dependency on noncanonical PI3Kgamma
            signalling.
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 3459)
  AUTHORS   Chen,M., Pan,L., Chen,D., Wu,Y., Ye,J., Li,K., Zhang,N. and Xu,J.
  TITLE     PAK1 Promotes Inflammation Induced by Sepsis through the
            Snail/CXCL2 Signaling Pathway
  JOURNAL   ACS Infect Dis 10 (4), 1370-1378 (2024)
   PUBMED   38503263
  REMARK    GeneRIF: PAK1 Promotes Inflammation Induced by Sepsis through the
            Snail/CXCL2 Signaling Pathway.
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 3459)
  AUTHORS   Manser,E., Huang,H.Y., Loo,T.H., Chen,X.Q., Dong,J.M., Leung,T. and
            Lim,L.
  TITLE     Expression of constitutively active alpha-PAK reveals effects of
            the kinase on actin and focal complexes
  JOURNAL   Mol Cell Biol 17 (3), 1129-1143 (1997)
   PUBMED   9032240
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 3459)
  AUTHORS   Bokoch,G.M., Wang,Y., Bohl,B.P., Sells,M.A., Quilliam,L.A. and
            Knaus,U.G.
  TITLE     Interaction of the Nck adapter protein with p21-activated kinase
            (PAK1)
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 271 (42), 25746-25749 (1996)
   PUBMED   8824201
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 3459)
  AUTHORS   Brown,J.L., Stowers,L., Baer,M., Trejo,J., Coughlin,S. and Chant,J.
  TITLE     Human Ste20 homologue hPAK1 links GTPases to the JNK MAP kinase
            pathway
  JOURNAL   Curr Biol 6 (5), 598-605 (1996)
   PUBMED   8805275
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 3459)
  AUTHORS   Martin,G.A., Bollag,G., McCormick,F. and Abo,A.
  TITLE     A novel serine kinase activated by rac1/CDC42Hs-dependent
            autophosphorylation is related to PAK65 and STE20
  JOURNAL   EMBO J 14 (9), 1970-1978 (1995)
   PUBMED   7744004
  REMARK    Erratum:[EMBO J. 1995 Sep 1;14(17):4385. doi:
            10.1002/j.1460-2075.1995.tb00113.x.. PMID: 7556080]
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 3459)
  AUTHORS   Manser,E., Leung,T., Salihuddin,H., Zhao,Z.S. and Lim,L.
  TITLE     A brain serine/threonine protein kinase activated by Cdc42 and Rac1
  JOURNAL   Nature 367 (6458), 40-46 (1994)
   PUBMED   8107774
COMMENT     REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The
            reference sequence was derived from AP003680.2 and AP000486.6.
            This sequence is a reference standard in the RefSeqGene project.
            
            On Nov 14, 2019 this sequence version replaced NM_002576.4.
            
            Summary: This gene encodes a family member of serine/threonine
            p21-activating kinases, known as PAK proteins. These proteins are
            critical effectors that link RhoGTPases to cytoskeleton
            reorganization and nuclear signaling, and they serve as targets for
            the small GTP binding proteins Cdc42 and Rac. This specific family
            member regulates cell motility and morphology. Mutations in this
            gene have been associated with macrocephaly, seizures, and speech
            delay. Overexpression of this gene is also reported in many cancer
            types, and particularly in breast cancer. Alternative splicing
            results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Aug
            2020].
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: SRR11853567.5968.1, BC050377.1
                                           [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: mixed sample support SAMEA1965299,
                                           SAMEA1966682 [ECO:0006172]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            MANE Ensembl match     :: ENST00000356341.8/ ENSP00000348696.4
            RefSeq Select criteria :: based on manual assertion, conservation
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: complete on the 3' end.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-543               AP003680.2         3595-4137           c
            544-754             AP000486.6         72593-72803         c
            755-855             AP000486.6         60156-60256         c
            856-1003            AP000486.6         59503-59650         c
            1004-1041           AP000486.6         54590-54627         c
            1042-1161           AP000486.6         39160-39279         c
            1162-1336           AP000486.6         35930-36104         c
            1337-1400           AP000486.6         33798-33861         c
            1401-1449           AP000486.6         29501-29549         c
            1450-1562           AP000486.6         24081-24193         c
            1563-1680           AP000486.6         20908-21025         c
            1681-1780           AP000486.6         17586-17685         c
            1781-1977           AP000486.6         16348-16544         c
            1978-2115           AP000486.6         12992-13129         c
            2116-3459           AP000486.6         2279-3622           c
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..3459
                     /organism="Homo sapiens"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:9606"
                     /chromosome="11"
                     /map="11q13.5-q14.1"
     gene            1..3459
                     /gene="PAK1"
                     /gene_synonym="alpha-PAK; IDDMSSD; p65-PAK; PAKalpha"
                     /note="p21 (RAC1) activated kinase 1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:5058"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:8590"
                     /db_xref="MIM:602590"
     exon            1..543
                     /gene="PAK1"
                     /gene_synonym="alpha-PAK; IDDMSSD; p65-PAK; PAKalpha"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            544..754
                     /gene="PAK1"
                     /gene_synonym="alpha-PAK; IDDMSSD; p65-PAK; PAKalpha"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             565..2202
                     /gene="PAK1"
                     /gene_synonym="alpha-PAK; IDDMSSD; p65-PAK; PAKalpha"
                     /EC_number="2.7.11.1"
                     /note="isoform 2 is encoded by transcript variant 2;
                     p21/Cdc42/Rac1-activated kinase 1 (yeast Ste20-related);
                     p21/Cdc42/Rac1-activated kinase 1 (STE20 homolog, yeast);
                     serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1; p21 protein
                     (Cdc42/Rac)-activated kinase 1"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1 isoform 2"
                     /protein_id="NP_002567.3"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS8250.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:5058"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:8590"
                     /db_xref="MIM:602590"
                     /translation="MSNNGLDIQDKPPAPPMRNTSTMIGAGSKDAGTLNHGSKPLPPN
                     PEEKKKKDRFYRSILPGDKTNKKKEKERPEISLPSDFEHTIHVGFDAVTGEFTGMPEQ
                     WARLLQTSNITKSEQKKNPQAVLDVLEFYNSKKTSNSQKYMSFTDKSAEDYNSSNALN
                     VKAVSETPAVPPVSEDEDDDDDDATPPPVIAPRPEHTKSVYTRSVIEPLPVTPTRDVA
                     TSPISPTENNTTPPDALTRNTEKQKKKPKMSDEEILEKLRSIVSVGDPKKKYTRFEKI
                     GQGASGTVYTAMDVATGQEVAIKQMNLQQQPKKELIINEILVMRENKNPNIVNYLDSY
                     LVGDELWVVMEYLAGGSLTDVVTETCMDEGQIAAVCRECLQALEFLHSNQVIHRDIKS
                     DNILLGMDGSVKLTDFGFCAQITPEQSKRSTMVGTPYWMAPEVVTRKAYGPKVDIWSL
                     GIMAIEMIEGEPPYLNENPLRALYLIATNGTPELQNPEKLSAIFRDFLNRCLEMDVEK
                     RGSAKELLQHQFLKIAKPLSSLTPLIAAAKEATKNNH"
     exon            755..855
                     /gene="PAK1"
                     /gene_synonym="alpha-PAK; IDDMSSD; p65-PAK; PAKalpha"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            856..1003
                     /gene="PAK1"
                     /gene_synonym="alpha-PAK; IDDMSSD; p65-PAK; PAKalpha"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1004..1041
                     /gene="PAK1"
                     /gene_synonym="alpha-PAK; IDDMSSD; p65-PAK; PAKalpha"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1042..1161
                     /gene="PAK1"
                     /gene_synonym="alpha-PAK; IDDMSSD; p65-PAK; PAKalpha"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1162..1336
                     /gene="PAK1"
                     /gene_synonym="alpha-PAK; IDDMSSD; p65-PAK; PAKalpha"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1337..1400
                     /gene="PAK1"
                     /gene_synonym="alpha-PAK; IDDMSSD; p65-PAK; PAKalpha"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1401..1449
                     /gene="PAK1"
                     /gene_synonym="alpha-PAK; IDDMSSD; p65-PAK; PAKalpha"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1450..1562
                     /gene="PAK1"
                     /gene_synonym="alpha-PAK; IDDMSSD; p65-PAK; PAKalpha"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1563..1680
                     /gene="PAK1"
                     /gene_synonym="alpha-PAK; IDDMSSD; p65-PAK; PAKalpha"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1681..1780
                     /gene="PAK1"
                     /gene_synonym="alpha-PAK; IDDMSSD; p65-PAK; PAKalpha"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1781..1977
                     /gene="PAK1"
                     /gene_synonym="alpha-PAK; IDDMSSD; p65-PAK; PAKalpha"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1978..2115
                     /gene="PAK1"
                     /gene_synonym="alpha-PAK; IDDMSSD; p65-PAK; PAKalpha"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            2116..3459
                     /gene="PAK1"
                     /gene_synonym="alpha-PAK; IDDMSSD; p65-PAK; PAKalpha"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      2473..2478
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="PAK1"
                     /gene_synonym="alpha-PAK; IDDMSSD; p65-PAK; PAKalpha"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     polyA_site      2504
                     /gene="PAK1"
                     /gene_synonym="alpha-PAK; IDDMSSD; p65-PAK; PAKalpha"
                     /note="major polyA site"
     regulatory      3437..3442
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="PAK1"
                     /gene_synonym="alpha-PAK; IDDMSSD; p65-PAK; PAKalpha"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     polyA_site      3459
                     /gene="PAK1"
                     /gene_synonym="alpha-PAK; IDDMSSD; p65-PAK; PAKalpha"
                     /note="major polyA site"
ORIGIN      
        1 gtacaatagc gcggctgtgg gcgggggagg ctgccctccc gcggctgcag ccggagccga
       61 aggtggtggc tgcacagtag acgccccctc acggcttccc ccacacgctc ccgccccctc
      121 gctcgcccat cgcgcttccc tcacaggctc tgcagtcctc ccccacagac gccttccccc
      181 ttggactctc attccctttt ccacggagcc ccgcgctttc gtgagccccc tcgaggaacc
      241 tggtctccgc atccagttac cacctcctgc ctcagaggcc atctgagccc ttcgcacctc
      301 gcccctcagt ccccccttcc ccccccgccc gcgtcgcctc gctccctccc gcccccccat
      361 catcccttcc ctcgcagttc ccctgtcctg aggggagccc cgccacgggc agcgcggcgg
      421 cggcggcagg agggagaaag tgaagcggta gctcgcgcac actcgcgccc tcactcccgg
      481 ctaggcggca cccaccgccg ggaggaggag gaggagccga gaggagctga gcgagcgcgg
      541 aagtagctgc tgctggtggt gacaatgtca aataacggcc tagacattca agacaaaccc
      601 ccagcccctc cgatgagaaa taccagcact atgattggag ccggcagcaa agatgctgga
      661 accctaaacc atggttctaa acctctgcct ccaaacccag aggagaagaa aaagaaggac
      721 cgattttacc gatccatttt acctggagat aaaacaaata aaaagaaaga gaaagagcgg
      781 ccagagattt ctctcccttc agattttgaa cacacaattc atgtcggttt tgatgctgtc
      841 acaggggagt ttacgggaat gccagagcag tgggcccgct tgcttcagac atcaaatatc
      901 actaagtcgg agcagaagaa aaacccgcag gctgttctgg atgtgttgga gttttacaac
      961 tcgaagaaga catccaacag ccagaaatac atgagcttta cagataagtc agctgaggat
     1021 tacaattctt ctaatgcctt gaatgtgaag gctgtgtctg agactcctgc agtgccacca
     1081 gtttcagaag atgaggatga tgatgatgat gatgctaccc caccaccagt gattgctcca
     1141 cgcccagagc acacaaaatc tgtatacaca cggtctgtga ttgaaccact tcctgtcact
     1201 ccaactcggg acgtggctac atctcccatt tcacctactg aaaataacac cactccacca
     1261 gatgctttga cccggaatac tgagaagcag aagaagaagc ctaaaatgtc tgatgaggag
     1321 atcttggaga aattacgaag catagtgagt gtgggcgatc ctaagaagaa atatacacgg
     1381 tttgagaaga ttggacaagg tgcttcaggc accgtgtaca cagcaatgga tgtggccaca
     1441 ggacaggagg tggccattaa gcagatgaat cttcagcagc agcccaagaa agagctgatt
     1501 attaatgaga tcctggtcat gagggaaaac aagaacccaa acattgtgaa ttacttggac
     1561 agttacctcg tgggagatga gctgtgggtt gttatggaat acttggctgg aggctccttg
     1621 acagatgtgg tgacagaaac ttgcatggat gaaggccaaa ttgcagctgt gtgccgtgag
     1681 tgtctgcagg ctctggagtt cttgcattcg aaccaggtca ttcacagaga catcaagagt
     1741 gacaatattc tgttgggaat ggatggctct gtcaagctaa ctgactttgg attctgtgca
     1801 cagataaccc cagagcagag caaacggagc accatggtag gaaccccata ctggatggca
     1861 ccagaggttg tgacacgaaa ggcctatggg cccaaggttg acatctggtc cctgggcatc
     1921 atggccatcg aaatgattga aggggagcct ccatacctca atgaaaaccc tctgagagcc
     1981 ttgtacctca ttgccaccaa tgggacccca gaacttcaga acccagagaa gctgtcagct
     2041 atcttccggg actttctgaa ccgctgtctc gagatggatg tggagaagag aggttcagct
     2101 aaagagctgc tacagcatca attcctgaag attgccaagc ccctctccag cctcactcca
     2161 ctgattgctg cagctaagga ggcaacaaag aacaatcact aaaaccacac tcaccccagc
     2221 ctcattgtgc caagccttct gtgagataaa tgcacatttc agaaattcca actcctgatg
     2281 ccctcttctc cttgccttgc ttctcccatt tcctgatcta gcactcctca agactttgat
     2341 ccttggaaac cgtgtgtcca gcattgaaga gaactgcaac tgaatgacta atcagatgat
     2401 ggccatttct aaataaggaa tttcctccca attcatggat atgagggtgg tttatgatta
     2461 agggtttata taaataaatg tttctagtct tccgtgtgtc aaaatcctca cctccttcat
     2521 aaccatctcc cacaattaat tcttgactat ataaatttat ggtttgataa tattatcaat
     2581 ttgtaatcaa ttgagatttc tttagtgctt gcttttctgt gactcaactg cccagacacc
     2641 tcattgtact tgaaaactgg aacagcttgg gaatgccatg gggtttgata atctgccagg
     2701 gacatgaaga ggctcagctt cctggaccat gactttggct cagctgatcc tgacatggga
     2761 gaacaaccac atttttcttt gtgtgtgctt ctagcagctg ttcgggagga ccttgaccca
     2821 atagtgttcc catgctgttt cttgtgaaat gctctcggct atgtagcagc ttttgattcc
     2881 ctgcataccc taggctgctg cccctatcct gtcccttgtt tataacattg agaggttttc
     2941 tagggcacat actgagtgag agcagtgttg agaagtcggg gaaaatggtg actactttta
     3001 gagcaaggct gggcatcagc acctgtccag ctctacttgt gtgatgtttc aggaactcag
     3061 cccctttttc tgcctaggat aaggagctga aagattaact tggatcttct aatggtccaa
     3121 atcttttggt cacaataaag agtctccaaa ttagagactg catgttagtt ctggatggat
     3181 ttggtggcct gacatgatac cctgccagct gtgaggggac cccgttttta agatgcatgg
     3241 ccaagctctc tgcaaatgga aatgcttaca ctgggtgttg gggatgtttg ctacctcctg
     3301 ctatttttgt ggttttggtt ctcccactat ggtaggaccc ctggccagca ttgtggcttg
     3361 tcatgtcagc cccattgact accttctcat gctctgaggt actactgcct ctgcagcaca
     3421 aatttctatt tctgtcaata aaaggagatg aaaatattc
//
