LOCUS       NM_005953                401 bp    mRNA    linear   PRI 04-APR-2024
DEFINITION  Homo sapiens metallothionein 2A (MT2A), mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_005953
VERSION     NM_005953.5
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; MANE Select.
SOURCE      Homo sapiens (human)
  ORGANISM  Homo sapiens
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
            Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 401)
  AUTHORS   Wang,J., Zuo,Z., Yu,Z., Chen,Z., Meng,X., Ma,Z., Niu,J., Guo,R.,
            Tran,L.J., Zhang,J., Jiang,T., Ye,F., Ma,B. and Sun,Z.
  TITLE     Single-cell transcriptome analysis revealing the intratumoral
            heterogeneity of ccRCC and validation of MT2A in pathogenesis
  JOURNAL   Funct Integr Genomics 23 (4), 300 (2023)
   PUBMED   37713131
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Single-cell transcriptome analysis revealing the
            intratumoral heterogeneity of ccRCC and validation of MT2A in
            pathogenesis.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 401)
  AUTHORS   Michalczyk,K., Kapczuk,P., Witczak,G., Tousty,P., Bosiacki,M.,
            Kurzawski,M., Chlubek,D. and Cymbaluk-Ploska,A.
  TITLE     An Assessment of MT1A (rs11076161), MT2A (rs28366003) and MT1L
            (rs10636) Gene Polymorphisms and MT2 Concentration in Women with
            Endometrial Pathologies
  JOURNAL   Genes (Basel) 14 (3), 773 (2023)
   PUBMED   36981043
  REMARK    GeneRIF: An Assessment of MT1A (rs11076161), MT2A (rs28366003) and
            MT1L (rs10636) Gene Polymorphisms and MT2 Concentration in Women
            with Endometrial Pathologies.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 401)
  AUTHORS   Kimura,T. and Kambe,T.
  TITLE     The Functions of Metallothionein and ZIP and ZnT Transporters: An
            Overview and Perspective
  JOURNAL   Int J Mol Sci 17 (3), 336 (2016)
   PUBMED   26959009
  REMARK    Review article
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 401)
  AUTHORS   Ma,H., Su,L., Yue,H., Yin,X., Zhao,J., Zhang,S., Kung,H., Xu,Z. and
            Miao,J.
  TITLE     HMBOX1 interacts with MT2A to regulate autophagy and apoptosis in
            vascular endothelial cells
  JOURNAL   Sci Rep 5, 15121 (2015)
   PUBMED   26456220
  REMARK    GeneRIF: HMBOX1 regulates intracellular free zinc level by
            interacting with MT2A to inhibit apoptosis and promote autophagy in
            vascular endothelial cells.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 401)
  AUTHORS   Krzeslak,A., Forma,E., Jozwiak,P., Szymczyk,A., Smolarz,B.,
            Romanowicz-Makowska,H., Rozanski,W. and Brys,M.
  TITLE     Metallothionein 2A genetic polymorphisms and risk of ductal breast
            cancer
  JOURNAL   Clin Exp Med 14 (1), 107-113 (2014)
   PUBMED   23053628
  REMARK    GeneRIF: These data suggest that the rs28366003 single nucleotide
            polymorphism in MT2A is associated with risk of breast cancer in
            Polish population.
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 401)
  AUTHORS   Yamasaki,M., Nomura,T., Sato,F. and Mimata,H.
  TITLE     Metallothionein is up-regulated under hypoxia and promotes the
            survival of human prostate cancer cells
  JOURNAL   Oncol Rep 18 (5), 1145-1153 (2007)
   PUBMED   17914565
  REMARK    GeneRIF: MT was up-regulated under hypoxia in prostate cancer cells
            and overexpressed in prostate cancer tissue and residual cancer
            cells after androgen ablation therapy
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 401)
  AUTHORS   Yamazaki,S., Nakanishi,M., Hamamoto,T., Hirata,H., Ebihara,A.,
            Tokue,A. and Kagawa,Y.
  TITLE     Expression of human metallothionein-II fusion protein in
            Escherichia coli
  JOURNAL   Biochem Int 28 (3), 451-460 (1992)
   PUBMED   1339282
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 401)
  AUTHORS   Karin,M. and Richards,R.I.
  TITLE     Human metallothionein genes--primary structure of the
            metallothionein-II gene and a related processed gene
  JOURNAL   Nature 299 (5886), 797-802 (1982)
   PUBMED   7133118
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 401)
  AUTHORS   Karin,M. and Richards,R.I.
  TITLE     Human metallothionein genes: molecular cloning and sequence
            analysis of the mRNA
  JOURNAL   Nucleic Acids Res 10 (10), 3165-3173 (1982)
   PUBMED   6896577
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 401)
  AUTHORS   Kissling,M.M. and Kagi,H.R.
  TITLE     Primary structure of human hepatic metallothionein
  JOURNAL   FEBS Lett 82 (2), 247-250 (1977)
   PUBMED   913597
COMMENT     REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The
            reference sequence was derived from BC007034.1.
            
            On Nov 23, 2018 this sequence version replaced NM_005953.4.
            
            Summary: This gene is a member of the metallothionein family of
            genes. Proteins encoded by this gene family are low in molecular
            weight, are cysteine-rich, lack aromatic residues, and bind
            divalent heavy metal ions, altering the intracellular concentration
            of heavy metals in the cell. These proteins act as anti-oxidants,
            protect against hydroxyl free radicals, are important in
            homeostatic control of metal in the cell, and play a role in
            detoxification of heavy metals. The encoded protein interacts with
            the protein encoded by the homeobox containing 1 gene in some cell
            types, controlling intracellular zinc levels, affecting apoptotic
            and autophagy pathways. Some polymorphisms in this gene are
            associated with an increased risk of cancer. [provided by RefSeq,
            Sep 2017].
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: BM739923.1, BM817906.1 [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: single sample supports all introns
                                           SAMEA1965299, SAMEA1966682
                                           [ECO:0000348]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            MANE Ensembl match     :: ENST00000245185.6/ ENSP00000245185.5
            RefSeq Select criteria :: based on single protein-coding transcript
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: full length.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-401               BC007034.1         4-404
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..401
                     /organism="Homo sapiens"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:9606"
                     /chromosome="16"
                     /map="16q13"
     gene            1..401
                     /gene="MT2A"
                     /gene_synonym="MT-2; MT-II; MT2"
                     /note="metallothionein 2A"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:4502"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:7406"
                     /db_xref="MIM:156360"
     exon            1..100
                     /gene="MT2A"
                     /gene_synonym="MT-2; MT-II; MT2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             73..258
                     /gene="MT2A"
                     /gene_synonym="MT-2; MT-II; MT2"
                     /note="metallothionein-II"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="metallothionein-2"
                     /protein_id="NP_005944.1"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS10763.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:4502"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:7406"
                     /db_xref="MIM:156360"
                     /translation="MDPNCSCAAGDSCTCAGSCKCKECKCTSCKKSCCSCCPVGCAKC
                     AQGCICKGASDKCSCCA"
     exon            101..166
                     /gene="MT2A"
                     /gene_synonym="MT-2; MT-II; MT2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            167..401
                     /gene="MT2A"
                     /gene_synonym="MT-2; MT-II; MT2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     polyA_site      280
                     /gene="MT2A"
                     /gene_synonym="MT-2; MT-II; MT2"
                     /note="major polyA site"
     regulatory      381..386
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="MT2A"
                     /gene_synonym="MT-2; MT-II; MT2"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     polyA_site      401
                     /gene="MT2A"
                     /gene_synonym="MT-2; MT-II; MT2"
ORIGIN      
        1 accacgcctc ctccaagtcc cagcgaaccc gcgtgcaacc tgtcccgact ctagccgcct
       61 cttcagctcg ccatggatcc caactgctcc tgcgccgccg gtgactcctg cacctgcgcc
      121 ggctcctgca aatgcaaaga gtgcaaatgc acctcctgca agaaaagctg ctgctcctgc
      181 tgccctgtgg gctgtgccaa gtgtgcccag ggctgcatct gcaaaggggc gtcggacaag
      241 tgcagctgct gcgcctgatg ctgggacagc cccgctccca gatgtaaaga acgcgacttc
      301 cacaaacctg gattttttat gtacaaccct gaccgtgacc gtttgctata ttcctttttc
      361 tatgaaataa tgtgaatgat aataaaacag ctttgacttg a
//
