LOCUS       NM_013446               3094 bp    mRNA    linear   PRI 11-FEB-2025
DEFINITION  Homo sapiens makorin ring finger protein 1 (MKRN1), transcript
            variant 1, mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_013446
VERSION     NM_013446.4
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; MANE Select.
SOURCE      Homo sapiens (human)
  ORGANISM  Homo sapiens
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
            Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 3094)
  AUTHORS   Hu,J., Li,X., Xu,K., Chen,J., Zong,S., Zhang,H., Li,H., Zhang,G.,
            Guo,Z., Zhao,X., Jiang,Y. and Jing,Z.
  TITLE     CircVPS8 promotes the malignant phenotype and inhibits ferroptosis
            of glioma stem cells by acting as a scaffold for MKRN1, SOX15 and
            HNF4A
  JOURNAL   Oncogene 43 (36), 2679-2695 (2024)
   PUBMED   39098847
  REMARK    GeneRIF: CircVPS8 promotes the malignant phenotype and inhibits
            ferroptosis of glioma stem cells by acting as a scaffold for MKRN1,
            SOX15 and HNF4A.
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 3094)
  AUTHORS   Dong,X., Zhan,Y., Li,S., Yang,M. and Gao,Y.
  TITLE     MKRN1 regulates the expression profiles and transcription factor
            activity in HeLa cells inhibition suppresses cervical cancer cell
            progression
  JOURNAL   Sci Rep 14 (1), 6129 (2024)
   PUBMED   38480859
  REMARK    GeneRIF: MKRN1 regulates the expression profiles and transcription
            factor activity in HeLa cells inhibition suppresses cervical cancer
            cell progression.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 3094)
  AUTHORS   Zhang,Y., Li,Q.S., Liu,H.L., Tang,H.T., Yang,H.L., Wu,D.Q.,
            Huang,Y.Y., Li,L.C., Liu,L.H. and Li,M.X.
  TITLE     MKRN1 promotes colorectal cancer metastasis by activating the
            TGF-beta signalling pathway through SNIP1 protein degradation
  JOURNAL   J Exp Clin Cancer Res 42 (1), 219 (2023)
   PUBMED   37620897
  REMARK    GeneRIF: MKRN1 promotes colorectal cancer metastasis by activating
            the TGF-beta signalling pathway through SNIP1 protein degradation.
            Erratum:[J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2023 Sep 15;42(1):240. doi:
            10.1186/s13046-023-02825-8.. PMID: 37710340]
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 3094)
  AUTHORS   Yang,Y., Luo,Y., Huang,S., Tao,Y., Li,C. and Wang,C.
  TITLE     MKRN1/2 serve as tumor suppressors in renal clear cell carcinoma by
            regulating the expression of p53
  JOURNAL   Cancer Biomark 36 (4), 267-278 (2023)
   PUBMED   36938725
  REMARK    GeneRIF: MKRN1/2 serve as tumor suppressors in renal clear cell
            carcinoma by regulating the expression of p53.
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 3094)
  AUTHORS   Torrence,D., Xie,Z., Zhang,L., Chi,P. and Antonescu,C.R.
  TITLE     Gastrointestinal stromal tumors with BRAF gene fusions. A report of
            two cases showing low or absent KIT expression resulting in
            diagnostic pitfalls
  JOURNAL   Genes Chromosomes Cancer 60 (12), 789-795 (2021)
   PUBMED   34398495
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors with BRAF gene fusions. A
            report of two cases showing low or absent KIT expression resulting
            in diagnostic pitfalls.
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 3094)
  AUTHORS   Lee,E.W., Lee,M.S., Camus,S., Ghim,J., Yang,M.R., Oh,W., Ha,N.C.,
            Lane,D.P. and Song,J.
  TITLE     Differential regulation of p53 and p21 by MKRN1 E3 ligase controls
            cell cycle arrest and apoptosis
  JOURNAL   EMBO J 28 (14), 2100-2113 (2009)
   PUBMED   19536131
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Data indicate that MKRN1 is a novel modulator of p53 and
            p21, preferentially leading cells to p53-dependent apoptosis by
            suppressing p21.
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 3094)
  AUTHORS   Finsterbusch,T., Steinfeldt,T., Doberstein,K., Rodner,C. and
            Mankertz,A.
  TITLE     Interaction of the replication proteins and the capsid protein of
            porcine circovirus type 1 and 2 with host proteins
  JOURNAL   Virology 386 (1), 122-131 (2009)
   PUBMED   19178923
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 3094)
  AUTHORS   Omwancha,J., Zhou,X.F., Chen,S.Y., Baslan,T., Fisher,C.J.,
            Zheng,Z., Cai,C. and Shemshedini,L.
  TITLE     Makorin RING finger protein 1 (MKRN1) has negative and positive
            effects on RNA polymerase II-dependent transcription
  JOURNAL   Endocrine 29 (2), 363-373 (2006)
   PUBMED   16785614
  REMARK    GeneRIF: MKRN1 may represent a nuclear protein with multiple
            nuclear functions, including regulating RNA polymerase II-catalyzed
            transcription.
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 3094)
  AUTHORS   Kim,J.H., Park,S.M., Kang,M.R., Oh,S.Y., Lee,T.H., Muller,M.T. and
            Chung,I.K.
  TITLE     Ubiquitin ligase MKRN1 modulates telomere length homeostasis
            through a proteolysis of hTERT
  JOURNAL   Genes Dev 19 (7), 776-781 (2005)
   PUBMED   15805468
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 3094)
  AUTHORS   Gray,T.A., Hernandez,L., Carey,A.H., Schaldach,M.A.,
            Smithwick,M.J., Rus,K., Marshall Graves,J.A., Stewart,C.L. and
            Nicholls,R.D.
  TITLE     The ancient source of a distinct gene family encoding proteins
            featuring RING and C(3)H zinc-finger motifs with abundant
            expression in developing brain and nervous system
  JOURNAL   Genomics 66 (1), 76-86 (2000)
   PUBMED   10843807
COMMENT     REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The
            reference sequence was derived from AC069335.17, BC037400.1 and
            AI828363.1.
            
            On Nov 22, 2018 this sequence version replaced NM_013446.3.
            
            Summary: This gene encodes a protein that belongs to a novel class
            of zinc finger proteins. The encoded protein functions as a
            transcriptional co-regulator, and as an E3 ubiquitin ligase that
            promotes the ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of target
            proteins. The protein encoded by this gene is thought to regulate
            RNA polymerase II-catalyzed transcription. Substrates for this
            protein's E3 ubiquitin ligase activity include the capsid protein
            of the West Nile virus and the catalytic subunit of the telomerase
            ribonucleoprotein. This protein controls cell cycle arrest and
            apoptosis by regulating p21, a cell cycle regulator, and the tumor
            suppressor protein p53. Pseudogenes of this gene are present on
            chromosomes 1, 3, 9, 12 and 20, and on the X chromosome.
            Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants
            encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2014].
            
            Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longest
            transcript and encodes the longest isoform (1).
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: BC025955.1, AL136812.1 [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: mixed sample support SAMEA1965299,
                                           SAMEA1966682 [ECO:0006172]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            MANE Ensembl match     :: ENST00000255977.7/ ENSP00000255977.2
            RefSeq Select criteria :: based on conservation, expression,
                                      longest protein
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: full length.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-151               AC069335.17        71148-71298         c
            152-3076            BC037400.1         1-2925
            3077-3087           AI828363.1         8-18                c
            3088-3094           AC069335.17        44826-44832         c
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..3094
                     /organism="Homo sapiens"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:9606"
                     /chromosome="7"
                     /map="7q34"
     gene            1..3094
                     /gene="MKRN1"
                     /gene_synonym="RNF61"
                     /note="makorin ring finger protein 1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:23608"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:7112"
                     /db_xref="MIM:607754"
     exon            1..346
                     /gene="MKRN1"
                     /gene_synonym="RNF61"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             162..1610
                     /gene="MKRN1"
                     /gene_synonym="RNF61"
                     /EC_number="2.3.2.27"
                     /note="isoform 1 is encoded by transcript variant 1; E3
                     ubiquitin-protein ligase makorin-1; RING finger protein
                     61; RING-type E3 ubiquitin transferase makorin-1"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase makorin-1 isoform 1"
                     /protein_id="NP_038474.2"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS5860.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:23608"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:7112"
                     /db_xref="MIM:607754"
                     /translation="MAEAATPGTTATTSGAGAAAATAAAASPTPIPTVTAPSLGAGGG
                     GGGSDGSGGGWTKQVTCRYFMHGVCKEGDNCRYSHDLSDSPYSVVCKYFQRGYCIYGD
                     RCRYEHSKPLKQEEATATELTTKSSLAASSSLSSIVGPLVEMNTGEAESRNSNFATVG
                     AGSEDWVNAIEFVPGQPYCGRTAPSCTEAPLQGSVTKEESEKEQTAVETKKQLCPYAA
                     VGECRYGENCVYLHGDSCDMCGLQVLHPMDAAQRSQHIKSCIEAHEKDMELSFAVQRS
                     KDMVCGICMEVVYEKANPSERRFGILSNCNHTYCLKCIRKWRSAKQFESKIIKSCPEC
                     RITSNFVIPSEYWVEEKEEKQKLILKYKEAMSNKACRYFDEGRGSCPFGGNCFYKHAY
                     PDGRREEPQRQKVGTSSRYRAQRRNHFWELIEERENSNPFDNDEEEVVTFELGEMLLM
                     LLAAGGDDELTDSEDEWDLFHDELEDFYDLDL"
     exon            347..475
                     /gene="MKRN1"
                     /gene_synonym="RNF61"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            476..705
                     /gene="MKRN1"
                     /gene_synonym="RNF61"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            706..932
                     /gene="MKRN1"
                     /gene_synonym="RNF61"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            933..1147
                     /gene="MKRN1"
                     /gene_synonym="RNF61"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1148..1258
                     /gene="MKRN1"
                     /gene_synonym="RNF61"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1259..1397
                     /gene="MKRN1"
                     /gene_synonym="RNF61"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1398..3094
                     /gene="MKRN1"
                     /gene_synonym="RNF61"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      1815..1820
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="MKRN1"
                     /gene_synonym="RNF61"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     polyA_site      1848
                     /gene="MKRN1"
                     /gene_synonym="RNF61"
                     /note="major polyA site"
     polyA_site      2249
                     /gene="MKRN1"
                     /gene_synonym="RNF61"
     regulatory      3065..3070
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="MKRN1"
                     /gene_synonym="RNF61"
                     /note="hexamer: ATTAAA"
     polyA_site      3094
                     /gene="MKRN1"
                     /gene_synonym="RNF61"
ORIGIN      
        1 gagagcgctc agatacgcga cgcgtagcag gcggggaccg aacgggtgcc tcagtgtcct
       61 tcccctcccc tcgcctggcc tcgccgtcct ctccccgcag ccggaccgga actatgtgat
      121 cccggaagtt ccggggcctt tgctgtgtgg gataaacagt aatggcggag gctgcaactc
      181 ccggaacaac agccacaaca tcaggagcag gagcggcagc ggcgacggcg gcagcagcct
      241 cccccacccc gatccccaca gtcaccgccc cgtccctggg ggcgggcgga gggggcggcg
      301 gcagcgacgg cagcggcggc ggctggacta aacaggtcac ctgcaggtat tttatgcatg
      361 gggtttgtaa ggaaggagac aactgtcgct actcgcatga cctctctgac agtccgtata
      421 gtgtagtgtg caagtatttt cagcgagggt actgtattta tggagaccgc tgcagatatg
      481 aacatagcaa accattgaaa caggaagaag caactgctac agagctaact acaaagtcat
      541 cccttgctgc ttcctcaagt ctctcatcga tagttggacc acttgttgaa atgaatacag
      601 gcgaagctga gtcaagaaat tcaaactttg caactgtagg agcaggttca gaggactggg
      661 tgaatgctat tgagtttgtt cctgggcaac cctactgtgg ccgtactgcg ccttcctgca
      721 ctgaagcacc cctgcagggc tcagtgacca aggaagaatc agagaaagag caaaccgccg
      781 tggagacaaa gaagcagctg tgcccctatg ctgcagtggg agagtgccga tacggggaga
      841 actgtgtgta tctccacgga gattcttgtg acatgtgtgg gctgcaggtc ctgcatccaa
      901 tggatgctgc ccagagatcg cagcatatca aatcgtgcat tgaggcccat gagaaggaca
      961 tggagctctc atttgccgtg cagcgcagca aggacatggt gtgtgggatc tgcatggagg
     1021 tggtctatga gaaagccaac cccagtgagc gccgcttcgg gatcctctcc aactgcaacc
     1081 acacctactg tctcaagtgc attcgcaagt ggaggagtgc taagcaattt gagagcaaga
     1141 tcataaagtc ctgcccagaa tgccggatca catctaactt tgtcattcca agtgagtact
     1201 gggtggagga gaaagaagag aagcagaaac tcattctgaa atacaaggag gcaatgagca
     1261 acaaggcgtg caggtatttt gatgaaggac gtgggagctg cccatttgga gggaactgtt
     1321 tttacaagca tgcgtaccct gatggccgta gagaggagcc acagagacag aaagtgggaa
     1381 catcaagcag ataccgggcc caacgaagga accacttctg ggaactcatt gaggaaagag
     1441 agaacagcaa cccctttgac aacgatgaag aagaggttgt cacctttgag ctgggcgaga
     1501 tgttgcttat gcttttggct gcaggtgggg acgacgaact aacagactct gaagatgagt
     1561 gggacttgtt tcatgatgag ctggaagatt tttatgactt ggatctatag caaccttgcg
     1621 tggcgtgtga actggtctgc tgacctcaga cagcagctgt cccctgtggt ggtgtggcag
     1681 tgcctgtgtt ctctcctagg caggcctctc aactccaggt gctgtcctaa gaatttttac
     1741 ccagggcctg tcttctcaac ccctcacctt tccctgagga gtgtgttgtt ttccctgttg
     1801 aaaaaagtta caaaaataaa tcttaaagtt agttttttgt aacacgaatt taactgtcag
     1861 acagttagtg taggtgtgtt gcgtcatctg ttttcaacca gattgcattt atggactttt
     1921 cacacactca ttttgaggac cccaggttca aaagtaaaag cagtggccct gctttggggt
     1981 ccaagaatag gagtgatggg tgaagggacc taagctggcc aatagccctc tgccccagac
     2041 atgggatgtg gatccttgag gtttctggtg aaatctgcac atctgtgttt ttatatctgt
     2101 tccctaccct gtaatcccta ccacgtgcac ttgttctgtg gttttggtct cttgtttaat
     2161 tgcacacaag taatactact gggtaaccag aatcaggtgt gaatgtgttg agatttttta
     2221 ctgttttgca tgataggaaa attgagaaag aatacgtata aaagatagag aggcataaca
     2281 tcaatgcaga gttggaagtt ggctcccaag ggctgacatg gtgtgagtgt gtgggtgtgt
     2341 gataagcttc tcatccctgc atagatgcag tattcttagc cttagtagaa aaacctggtt
     2401 tagtggttta agccttgtgt ggcagataga tcttaaaggg caaagcagta tattggtagt
     2461 tgtcaatata gcagtgctag ctctgtctat ataaatagag aaatggggtt agccatagag
     2521 gttaaaacta cctggttatc ccatataata acacaaactg ggtcttggat acacagttgt
     2581 atttaatgtt ttacgatcta gcctttccag tacaggcact ttctgagaaa cctttgtcct
     2641 cacttgaggc attttgttgt cgggtttttg tgtttgtttt tgtgggtatt tgcctcattc
     2701 cacccctgag ctttcaggta gacagacgtg attcaaaact ctgttctaag gtgtttattg
     2761 tagtggagta atgggtttgc agtgataagt catacttttc caccgaaagg gagggcttgg
     2821 gaatccctga gattagctaa agttaagttg ttggaagaat tccttgattg gaaattgtac
     2881 ctttgtgttt tgttgctctg tttcctgaaa ataactcggg gatgctcctg gtttgtccat
     2941 ctactgcttt gattccttgg atcccaccca ttctttcact ttaagaaaaa acaaataatt
     3001 gttgcagagg tctctgtatt ttgcagctgc ccttttgtaa gaagcacttt tcccaaataa
     3061 aacaattaaa aaaaaagttg gctgttctgt gtaa
//
