LOCUS       NM_020169               1071 bp    mRNA    linear   PRI 06-JUN-2024
DEFINITION  Homo sapiens latexin (LXN), mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_020169
VERSION     NM_020169.4
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; MANE Select.
SOURCE      Homo sapiens (human)
  ORGANISM  Homo sapiens
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
            Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 1071)
  AUTHORS   Liu,H., Zhao,H., Huang,Y. and Lei,M.
  TITLE     Circ_0002715 promotes the development of osteoarthritis through
            regulating LXN by sponging miR-127-5p
  JOURNAL   J Orthop Surg Res 18 (1), 230 (2023)
   PUBMED   36949500
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Circ_0002715 promotes the development of osteoarthritis
            through regulating LXN by sponging miR-127-5p.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 1071)
  AUTHORS   Luck,K., Kim,D.K., Lambourne,L., Spirohn,K., Begg,B.E., Bian,W.,
            Brignall,R., Cafarelli,T., Campos-Laborie,F.J., Charloteaux,B.,
            Choi,D., Cote,A.G., Daley,M., Deimling,S., Desbuleux,A., Dricot,A.,
            Gebbia,M., Hardy,M.F., Kishore,N., Knapp,J.J., Kovacs,I.A.,
            Lemmens,I., Mee,M.W., Mellor,J.C., Pollis,C., Pons,C.,
            Richardson,A.D., Schlabach,S., Teeking,B., Yadav,A., Babor,M.,
            Balcha,D., Basha,O., Bowman-Colin,C., Chin,S.F., Choi,S.G.,
            Colabella,C., Coppin,G., D'Amata,C., De Ridder,D., De Rouck,S.,
            Duran-Frigola,M., Ennajdaoui,H., Goebels,F., Goehring,L., Gopal,A.,
            Haddad,G., Hatchi,E., Helmy,M., Jacob,Y., Kassa,Y., Landini,S.,
            Li,R., van Lieshout,N., MacWilliams,A., Markey,D., Paulson,J.N.,
            Rangarajan,S., Rasla,J., Rayhan,A., Rolland,T., San-Miguel,A.,
            Shen,Y., Sheykhkarimli,D., Sheynkman,G.M., Simonovsky,E., Tasan,M.,
            Tejeda,A., Tropepe,V., Twizere,J.C., Wang,Y., Weatheritt,R.J.,
            Weile,J., Xia,Y., Yang,X., Yeger-Lotem,E., Zhong,Q., Aloy,P.,
            Bader,G.D., De Las Rivas,J., Gaudet,S., Hao,T., Rak,J.,
            Tavernier,J., Hill,D.E., Vidal,M., Roth,F.P. and Calderwood,M.A.
  TITLE     A reference map of the human binary protein interactome
  JOURNAL   Nature 580 (7803), 402-408 (2020)
   PUBMED   32296183
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 1071)
  AUTHORS   Seed,R.I., Taurozzi,A.J., Wilcock,D.J., Nappo,G., Erb,H.H.H.,
            Read,M.L., Gurney,M., Archer,L.K., Ito,S., Rumsby,M.G.,
            Petrie,J.L., Clayton,A., Maitland,N.J. and Collins,A.T.
  TITLE     The putative tumour suppressor protein Latexin is secreted by
            prostate luminal cells and is downregulated in malignancy
  JOURNAL   Sci Rep 9 (1), 5120 (2019)
   PUBMED   30914656
  REMARK    GeneRIF: The putative tumour suppressor protein Latexin is secreted
            by prostate luminal cells and is downregulated in malignancy.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 1071)
  AUTHORS   Zhang,C. and Liang,Y.
  TITLE     Latexin and hematopoiesis
  JOURNAL   Curr Opin Hematol 25 (4), 266-272 (2018)
   PUBMED   29608488
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Deletion of latexin in vivo increases HSC repopulation
            capacity and survival, expands the entire hematopoietic system, and
            mitigates myelosuppression. Latexin inactivation downregulates
            thrombospondin 1 (Thbs1). It inhibits nuclear translocation of
            ribosomal protein subunit 3 (Rps3), a novel latexin-binding
            protein, and sensitizes hematopoietic cells to radiation-induced
            cell death.
            Review article
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 1071)
  AUTHORS   Zhang,M., Osisami,M., Dai,J., Keller,J.M., Escara-Wilke,J.,
            Mizokami,A. and Keller,E.T.
  TITLE     Bone Microenvironment Changes in Latexin Expression Promote
            Chemoresistance
  JOURNAL   Mol Cancer Res 15 (4), 457-466 (2017)
   PUBMED   28087740
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Results identified that LXN expression inversely modulates
            taxane-chemoresistance in the PC-3 prostate cancer cell line.
            Inhibition of LXN expression in the bone microenvironment promotes
            chemoresistance, in part through a methylation-dependent mechanism.
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 1071)
  AUTHORS   Mitsunaga,K., Kikuchi,J., Wada,T. and Furukawa,Y.
  TITLE     Latexin regulates the abundance of multiple cellular proteins in
            hematopoietic stem cells
  JOURNAL   J Cell Physiol 227 (3), 1138-1147 (2012)
   PUBMED   21567403
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Latexin expression is lost or greatly reduced in
            approximately 50% of human leukemia/lymphoma cell lines.
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 1071)
  AUTHORS   Liu,Y., Howard,D., Rector,K., Swiderski,C., Brandon,J., Schook,L.,
            Mehta,J., Bryson,J.S., Bondada,S. and Liang,Y.
  TITLE     Latexin is down-regulated in hematopoietic malignancies and
            restoration of expression inhibits lymphoma growth
  JOURNAL   PLoS One 7 (9), e44979 (2012)
   PUBMED   23028717
  REMARK    GeneRIF: These results are consistent with a tumor suppressor role
            for latexin.
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 1071)
  AUTHORS   Li,Y., Basang,Z., Ding,H., Lu,Z., Ning,T., Wei,H., Cai,H. and Ke,Y.
  TITLE     Latexin expression is downregulated in human gastric carcinomas and
            exhibits tumor suppressor potential
  JOURNAL   BMC Cancer 11, 121 (2011)
   PUBMED   21466706
  REMARK    GeneRIF: downregulated expression in gastric carcinomas; tumor
            suppressor
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 1071)
  AUTHORS   Pallares,I., Bonet,R., Garcia-Castellanos,R., Ventura,S.,
            Aviles,F.X., Vendrell,J. and Gomis-Ruth,F.X.
  TITLE     Structure of human carboxypeptidase A4 with its endogenous protein
            inhibitor, latexin
  JOURNAL   Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102 (11), 3978-3983 (2005)
   PUBMED   15738388
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 1071)
  AUTHORS   Liu,Q., Yu,L., Gao,J., Fu,Q., Zhang,J., Zhang,P., Chen,J. and
            Zhao,S.
  TITLE     Cloning, tissue expression pattern and genomic organization of
            latexin, a human homologue of rat carboxypeptidase A inhibitor
  JOURNAL   Mol Biol Rep 27 (4), 241-246 (2000)
   PUBMED   11455960
COMMENT     REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The
            reference sequence was derived from BC005346.1, BC008438.1 and
            AF087851.1.
            
            On Nov 23, 2018 this sequence version replaced NM_020169.3.
            
            Summary: This gene encodes the only known protein inhibitor of
            zinc-dependent metallocarboxypeptidases. The encoded protein,
            latexin, downregulates the population size of hematopoietic stem
            cells. This protein is found to be downregulated in cancer cells
            because of promoter hypermethylation. [provided by RefSeq, Jul
            2020].
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: BC008438.1, AF087851.1 [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: mixed sample support SAMEA1965299,
                                           SAMEA1966682 [ECO:0006172]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            MANE Ensembl match     :: ENST00000264265.4/ ENSP00000264265.3
            RefSeq Select criteria :: based on single protein-coding transcript
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: full length.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-42                BC005346.1         46-87
            43-1063             BC008438.1         70-1090
            1064-1071           AF087851.1         972-979
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..1071
                     /organism="Homo sapiens"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:9606"
                     /chromosome="3"
                     /map="3q25.32"
     gene            1..1071
                     /gene="LXN"
                     /gene_synonym="ECI; TCI"
                     /note="latexin"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:56925"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:13347"
                     /db_xref="MIM:609305"
     exon            1..299
                     /gene="LXN"
                     /gene_synonym="ECI; TCI"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             171..839
                     /gene="LXN"
                     /gene_synonym="ECI; TCI"
                     /note="endogenous carboxypeptidase inhibitor; MUM; tissue
                     carboxypeptidase inhibitor"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="latexin"
                     /protein_id="NP_064554.3"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS3183.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:56925"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:13347"
                     /db_xref="MIM:609305"
                     /translation="MEIPPTNYPASRAALVAQNYINYQQGTPHRVFEVQKVKQASMED
                     IPGRGHKYHLKFAVEEIIQKQVKVNCTAEVLYPSTGQETAPEVNFTFEGETGKNPDEE
                     DNTFYQRLKSMKEPLEAQNIPDNFGNVSPEMTLVLHLAWVACGYIIWQNSTEDTWYKM
                     VKIQTVKQVQRNDDFIELDYTILLHNIASQEIIPWQMQVLWHPQYGTKVKHNSRLPKE
                     VQLE"
     exon            300..362
                     /gene="LXN"
                     /gene_synonym="ECI; TCI"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            363..540
                     /gene="LXN"
                     /gene_synonym="ECI; TCI"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            541..677
                     /gene="LXN"
                     /gene_synonym="ECI; TCI"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            678..740
                     /gene="LXN"
                     /gene_synonym="ECI; TCI"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            741..1071
                     /gene="LXN"
                     /gene_synonym="ECI; TCI"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      1046..1051
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="LXN"
                     /gene_synonym="ECI; TCI"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     polyA_site      1071
                     /gene="LXN"
                     /gene_synonym="ECI; TCI"
                     /note="major polyA site"
ORIGIN      
        1 aaacagcagc ttccggagtc ggaaggagct gaggaagaag actgactgaa ggagcttgcg
       61 acttttccgc ctcggcaacc ggacccagca gcaagcagga cgggcggcgc tctgctactg
      121 gtcccgttaa gccagagtag cccaagccct gaagtcactg ctcatccgga atggaaatcc
      181 cgccgaccaa ctacccagcc tccagggcgg ccttggtggc acagaactac atcaactacc
      241 agcaggggac cccgcacagg gtgtttgagg tgcagaaggt caaacaagcc agcatggagg
      301 atattccagg aagaggacat aagtatcacc ttaaatttgc tgttgaagaa attatacaaa
      361 aacaagttaa ggtgaactgc acagctgaag tactttaccc ttcaacggga caagaaactg
      421 caccagaagt caacttcaca tttgaaggag aaactggaaa gaatccagat gaagaagaca
      481 acacatttta tcaaagactt aagtccatga aggaaccgct agaagcacaa aatattccag
      541 acaattttgg aaatgtatct ccagaaatga cgctcgttct acatttagcc tgggttgcct
      601 gtggttatat aatatggcaa aattctactg aagacacatg gtataaaatg gtaaaaattc
      661 aaactgtcaa gcaagtgcaa agaaatgatg actttattga attagactac accattctac
      721 ttcataatat agcatctcag gagattattc cctggcaaat gcaagttctc tggcatccac
      781 aatacggcac taaagtaaaa cataatagcc gtctgccaaa ggaagtacaa ctggaataaa
      841 caaaaaccct aacactggaa gtgtaaacat gtctattgat gtgtatgcca atttcactgg
      901 catctagctt atgaggccaa ataatcccaa agtgtcactt tatataaatg tcttgattac
      961 agtatagaac tttatagagt ccataataca aagtatcact acataaaaat gtctttaaaa
     1021 cagtaatagt ggtatgtata tccaaaataa aaagcttcaa tttcagcctc a
//
