LOCUS       NM_001199149            2851 bp    mRNA    linear   PRI 11-SEP-2024
DEFINITION  Homo sapiens lactotransferrin (LTF), transcript variant 2, mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_001199149
VERSION     NM_001199149.2
KEYWORDS    RefSeq.
SOURCE      Homo sapiens (human)
  ORGANISM  Homo sapiens
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
            Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 2851)
  AUTHORS   Wang,J., Xiu,M., Wang,J., Gao,Y. and Li,Y.
  TITLE     METTL16-SENP3-LTF axis confers ferroptosis resistance and
            facilitates tumorigenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma
  JOURNAL   J Hematol Oncol 17 (1), 78 (2024)
   PUBMED   39218945
  REMARK    GeneRIF: METTL16-SENP3-LTF axis confers ferroptosis resistance and
            facilitates tumorigenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 2851)
  AUTHORS   Li,Y., Pan,J., Li,H., Liu,Q., Ma,F., Xiao,L. and Zeng,X.
  TITLE     Association between LTF/MMP20/CA6/TAS1R2 polymorphisms and
            susceptibility to dental caries
  JOURNAL   Clin Oral Investig 28 (9), 508 (2024)
   PUBMED   39212776
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Association between LTF/MMP20/CA6/TAS1R2 polymorphisms and
            susceptibility to dental caries.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 2851)
  AUTHORS   Jenssen,H. and Hancock,R.E.
  TITLE     Antimicrobial properties of lactoferrin
  JOURNAL   Biochimie 91 (1), 19-29 (2009)
   PUBMED   18573312
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Lactoferrin is an iron binding protein that also has
            antimicrobial, antiviral, antifungal and antiparasitic activity.
            Review article
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 2851)
  AUTHORS   Liu,D., Wang,X., Zhang,Z. and Teng,C.T.
  TITLE     An intronic alternative promoter of the human lactoferrin gene is
            activated by Ets
  JOURNAL   Biochem Biophys Res Commun 301 (2), 472-479 (2003)
   PUBMED   12565886
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Results identify the transcription start sites of the
            Delta lactoferrin (delta LF) in mammary gland and bone marrow and
            demonstrated that delta LF is the product of an alternative
            promoter present in the first intron of the lactoferrin gene.
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 2851)
  AUTHORS   Viejo-Diaz,M., Andres,M.T., Perez-Gil,J., Sanchez,M. and
            Fierro,J.F.
  TITLE     Potassium efflux induced by a new lactoferrin-derived peptide
            mimicking the effect of native human lactoferrin on the bacterial
            cytoplasmic membrane
  JOURNAL   Biochemistry (Mosc) 68 (2), 217-227 (2003)
   PUBMED   12693969
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 2851)
  AUTHORS   Siebert,P.D. and Huang,B.C.
  TITLE     Identification of an alternative form of human lactoferrin mRNA
            that is expressed differentially in normal tissues and
            tumor-derived cell lines
  JOURNAL   Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 94 (6), 2198-2203 (1997)
   PUBMED   9122171
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 2851)
  AUTHORS   Legrand,D., Mazurier,J., Elass,A., Rochard,E., Vergoten,G.,
            Maes,P., Montreuil,J. and Spik,G.
  TITLE     Molecular interactions between human lactotransferrin and the
            phytohemagglutinin-activated human lymphocyte lactotransferrin
            receptor lie in two loop-containing regions of the N-terminal
            domain I of human lactotransferrin
  JOURNAL   Biochemistry 31 (38), 9243-9251 (1992)
   PUBMED   1327110
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 2851)
  AUTHORS   Rey,M.W., Woloshuk,S.L., deBoer,H.A. and Pieper,F.R.
  TITLE     Complete nucleotide sequence of human mammary gland lactoferrin
  JOURNAL   Nucleic Acids Res 18 (17), 5288 (1990)
   PUBMED   2402455
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 2851)
  AUTHORS   Powell,M.J. and Ogden,J.E.
  TITLE     Nucleotide sequence of human lactoferrin cDNA
  JOURNAL   Nucleic Acids Res 18 (13), 4013 (1990)
   PUBMED   2374734
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 2851)
  AUTHORS   Rado,T.A., Wei,X.P. and Benz,E.J. Jr.
  TITLE     Isolation of lactoferrin cDNA from a human myeloid library and
            expression of mRNA during normal and leukemic myelopoiesis
  JOURNAL   Blood 70 (4), 989-993 (1987)
   PUBMED   3477300
COMMENT     REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The
            reference sequence was derived from AK298035.1, BC015822.1 and
            AC098613.2.
            
            On May 31, 2019 this sequence version replaced NM_001199149.1.
            
            Summary: This gene is a member of the transferrin family of genes
            and its protein product is found in the secondary granules of
            neutrophils. The protein is a major iron-binding protein in milk
            and body secretions with an antimicrobial activity, making it an
            important component of the non-specific immune system. The protein
            demonstrates a broad spectrum of properties, including regulation
            of iron homeostasis, host defense against a broad range of
            microbial infections, anti-inflammatory activity, regulation of
            cellular growth and differentiation and protection against cancer
            development and metastasis. Antimicrobial, antiviral, antifungal
            and antiparasitic activity has been found for this protein and its
            peptides. Activity against both DNA and RNA viruses has been found,
            including activity against SARS-CoV-2, and HIV. [provided by
            RefSeq, Jul 2021].
            
            Transcript Variant: This variant (2, also known as delta LF)
            represents use of an alternate promoter and initiates translation
            at a downstream start codon compared to variant 1. The resulting
            isoform (2) has a shorter N-terminus than isoform 1.
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: SRR1803617.111251.1, AK298035.1
                                           [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: single sample supports all introns
                                           SAMEA2149004, SAMEA2154529
                                           [ECO:0000348]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            coronavirus related :: involved in immune response or antiviral
                                   activity
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: complete on the 3' end.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-2477              AK298035.1         18-2494
            2478-2491           BC015822.1         2355-2368
            2492-2851           AC098613.2         92174-92533         c
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..2851
                     /organism="Homo sapiens"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:9606"
                     /chromosome="3"
                     /map="3p21.31"
     gene            1..2851
                     /gene="LTF"
                     /gene_synonym="GIG12; HEL110; HLF2; LF"
                     /note="lactotransferrin"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:4057"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:6720"
                     /db_xref="MIM:150210"
     exon            1..211
                     /gene="LTF"
                     /gene_synonym="GIG12; HEL110; HLF2; LF"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            212..375
                     /gene="LTF"
                     /gene_synonym="GIG12; HEL110; HLF2; LF"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             301..2301
                     /gene="LTF"
                     /gene_synonym="GIG12; HEL110; HLF2; LF"
                     /note="isoform 2 is encoded by transcript variant 2;
                     talalactoferrin; neutrophil lactoferrin; growth-inhibiting
                     protein 12; epididymis luminal protein 110; kaliocin-1;
                     lactoferroxin; lactoferricin"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="lactotransferrin isoform 2"
                     /protein_id="NP_001186078.1"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS56251.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:4057"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:6720"
                     /db_xref="MIM:150210"
                     /translation="MRKVRGPPVSCIKRDSPIQCIQAIAENRADAVTLDGGFIYEAGL
                     APYKLRPVAAEVYGTERQPRTHYYAVAVVKKGGSFQLNELQGLKSCHTGLRRTAGWNV
                     PIGTLRPFLNWTGPPEPIEAAVARFFSASCVPGADKGQFPNLCRLCAGTGENKCAFSS
                     QEPYFSYSGAFKCLRDGAGDVAFIRESTVFEDLSDEAERDEYELLCPDNTRKPVDKFK
                     DCHLARVPSHAVVARSVNGKEDAIWNLLRQAQEKFGKDKSPKFQLFGSPSGQKDLLFK
                     DSAIGFSRVPPRIDSGLYLGSGYFTAIQNLRKSEEEVAARRARVVWCAVGEQELRKCN
                     QWSGLSEGSVTCSSASTTEDCIALVLKGEADAMSLDGGYVYTAGKCGLVPVLAENYKS
                     QQSSDPDPNCVDRPVEGYLAVAVVRRSDTSLTWNSVKGKKSCHTAVDRTAGWNIPMGL
                     LFNQTGSCKFDEYFSQSCAPGSDPRSNLCALCIGDEQGENKCVPNSNERYYGYTGAFR
                     CLAENAGDVAFVKDVTVLQNTDGNNNEAWAKDLKLADFALLCLDGKRKPVTEARSCHL
                     AMAPNHAVVSRMDKVERLKQVLLHQQAKFGRNGSDCPDKFCLFQSETKNLLFNDNTEC
                     LARLHGKTTYEKYLGPQYVAGITNLKKCSTSPLLEACEFLRK"
     exon            376..484
                     /gene="LTF"
                     /gene_synonym="GIG12; HEL110; HLF2; LF"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            485..667
                     /gene="LTF"
                     /gene_synonym="GIG12; HEL110; HLF2; LF"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            668..815
                     /gene="LTF"
                     /gene_synonym="GIG12; HEL110; HLF2; LF"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            816..871
                     /gene="LTF"
                     /gene_synonym="GIG12; HEL110; HLF2; LF"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            872..1050
                     /gene="LTF"
                     /gene_synonym="GIG12; HEL110; HLF2; LF"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1051..1225
                     /gene="LTF"
                     /gene_synonym="GIG12; HEL110; HLF2; LF"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1226..1380
                     /gene="LTF"
                     /gene_synonym="GIG12; HEL110; HLF2; LF"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1381..1471
                     /gene="LTF"
                     /gene_synonym="GIG12; HEL110; HLF2; LF"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1472..1525
                     /gene="LTF"
                     /gene_synonym="GIG12; HEL110; HLF2; LF"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1526..1681
                     /gene="LTF"
                     /gene_synonym="GIG12; HEL110; HLF2; LF"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1682..1823
                     /gene="LTF"
                     /gene_synonym="GIG12; HEL110; HLF2; LF"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1824..1891
                     /gene="LTF"
                     /gene_synonym="GIG12; HEL110; HLF2; LF"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1892..2076
                     /gene="LTF"
                     /gene_synonym="GIG12; HEL110; HLF2; LF"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            2077..2266
                     /gene="LTF"
                     /gene_synonym="GIG12; HEL110; HLF2; LF"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            2267..2851
                     /gene="LTF"
                     /gene_synonym="GIG12; HEL110; HLF2; LF"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      2456..2461
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="LTF"
                     /gene_synonym="GIG12; HEL110; HLF2; LF"
                     /note="hexamer: AGTAAA"
     polyA_site      2478
                     /gene="LTF"
                     /gene_synonym="GIG12; HEL110; HLF2; LF"
                     /note="major polyA site"
     regulatory      2490..2495
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="LTF"
                     /gene_synonym="GIG12; HEL110; HLF2; LF"
                     /note="hexamer: TATAAA"
     polyA_site      2517
                     /gene="LTF"
                     /gene_synonym="GIG12; HEL110; HLF2; LF"
ORIGIN      
        1 agagttgcac cactgggttt tatattcact tggatcttta gttgttttgg cgcctactga
       61 ggtctgaagt ttgaatcctg cagtcaattg ggatggtggc ttgtacccca aagtgccatt
      121 gcaacccttg tccttcctga ggaaagggtg gcagttgccc tgtggaattc ctgccctgct
      181 ccccgtgggt gtccaggctg acagaagttg ggactgtgtc tggctggccg taggaggagt
      241 gttcagtggt gcgccgtatc ccaacccgag gccacaaaat gcttccaatg gcaaaggaat
      301 atgagaaaag tgcgtggccc tcctgtcagc tgcataaaga gagactcccc catccagtgt
      361 atccaggcca ttgcggaaaa cagggccgat gctgtgaccc ttgatggtgg tttcatatac
      421 gaggcaggcc tggcccccta caaactgcga cctgtagcgg cggaagtcta cgggaccgaa
      481 agacagccac gaactcacta ttatgccgtg gctgtggtga agaagggcgg cagctttcag
      541 ctgaacgaac tgcaaggtct gaagtcctgc cacacaggcc ttcgcaggac cgctggatgg
      601 aatgtcccta tagggacact tcgtccattc ttgaattgga cgggtccacc tgagcccatt
      661 gaggcagctg tggccaggtt cttctcagcc agctgtgttc ccggtgcaga taaaggacag
      721 ttccccaacc tgtgtcgcct gtgtgcgggg acaggggaaa acaaatgtgc cttctcctcc
      781 caggaaccgt acttcagcta ctctggtgcc ttcaagtgtc tgagagacgg ggctggagac
      841 gtggctttta tcagagagag cacagtgttt gaggacctgt cagacgaggc tgaaagggac
      901 gagtatgagt tactctgccc agacaacact cggaagccag tggacaagtt caaagactgc
      961 catctggccc gggtcccttc tcatgccgtt gtggcacgaa gtgtgaatgg caaggaggat
     1021 gccatctgga atcttctccg ccaggcacag gaaaagtttg gaaaggacaa gtcaccgaaa
     1081 ttccagctct ttggctcccc tagtgggcag aaagatctgc tgttcaagga ctctgccatt
     1141 gggttttcga gggtgccccc gaggatagat tctgggctgt accttggctc cggctacttc
     1201 actgccatcc agaacttgag gaaaagtgag gaggaagtgg ctgcccggcg tgcgcgggtc
     1261 gtgtggtgtg cggtgggcga gcaggagctg cgcaagtgta accagtggag tggcttgagc
     1321 gaaggcagcg tgacctgctc ctcggcctcc accacagagg actgcatcgc cctggtgctg
     1381 aaaggagaag ctgatgccat gagtttggat ggaggatatg tgtacactgc aggcaaatgt
     1441 ggtttggtgc ctgtcctggc agagaactac aaatcccaac aaagcagtga ccctgatcct
     1501 aactgtgtgg atagacctgt ggaaggatat cttgctgtgg cggtggttag gagatcagac
     1561 actagcctta cctggaactc tgtgaaaggc aagaagtcct gccacaccgc cgtggacagg
     1621 actgcaggct ggaatatccc catgggcctg ctcttcaacc agacgggctc ctgcaaattt
     1681 gatgaatatt tcagtcaaag ctgtgcccct gggtctgacc cgagatctaa tctctgtgct
     1741 ctgtgtattg gcgacgagca gggtgagaat aagtgcgtgc ccaacagcaa cgagagatac
     1801 tacggctaca ctggggcttt ccggtgcctg gctgagaatg ctggagacgt tgcatttgtg
     1861 aaagatgtca ctgtcttgca gaacactgat ggaaataaca atgaggcatg ggctaaggat
     1921 ttgaagctgg cagactttgc gctgctgtgc ctcgatggca aacggaagcc tgtgactgag
     1981 gctagaagct gccatcttgc catggccccg aatcatgccg tggtgtctcg gatggataag
     2041 gtggaacgcc tgaaacaggt gttgctccac caacaggcta aatttgggag aaatggatct
     2101 gactgcccgg acaagttttg cttattccag tctgaaacca aaaaccttct gttcaatgac
     2161 aacactgagt gtctggccag actccatggc aaaacaacat atgaaaaata tttgggacca
     2221 cagtatgtcg caggcattac taatctgaaa aagtgctcaa cctcccccct cctggaagcc
     2281 tgtgaattcc tcaggaagta aaaccgaaga agatggccca gctccccaag aaagcctcag
     2341 ccattcactg cccccagctc ttctccccag gtgtgttggg gccttggcct cccctgctga
     2401 aggtggggat tgcccatcca tctgcttaca attccctgct gtcgtcttag caagaagtaa
     2461 aatgagaaat tttgttgata ttctctcctt ataaagtgtc actcatcttt tctagaattt
     2521 tatactgaaa tcacatgcct gacaaaatac ctgtacagtt ggaccttccc ttccaagttt
     2581 ttcaggtcca gcccctcctc tttcttgcag tcttgggtat gatgcccaag ggtctggaat
     2641 ttaaggccag gccaagcacc ggttttccta aggggatctt gttggttatt cacatagctg
     2701 tctcagtgca cgtgcatgta tgtgcctggg agtgtgtgcg tgtccccaag gcagggcagg
     2761 aagagcaagc ataggaatta taactgaaat gtaggttcag ttgctcatca cttgcagagt
     2821 ctaattaaca agagctaggt ttggtataaa g
//
