LOCUS       NM_052971                861 bp    mRNA    linear   PRI 29-OCT-2024
DEFINITION  Homo sapiens liver enriched antimicrobial peptide 2 (LEAP2), mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_052971
VERSION     NM_052971.3
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; MANE Select.
SOURCE      Homo sapiens (human)
  ORGANISM  Homo sapiens
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
            Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 861)
  AUTHORS   Varshney,S., Shankar,K., Kerr,H.L., Anderson,L.J., Gupta,D.,
            Metzger,N.P., Singh,O., Ogden,S.B., Paul,S., Pinon,F.,
            Osborne-Lawrence,S., Richard,C.P., Lawrence,C., Mani,B.K.,
            Garcia,J.M. and Zigman,J.M.
  TITLE     The LEAP2 Response to Cancer-Related Anorexia-Cachexia Syndrome in
            Male Mice and Patients
  JOURNAL   Endocrinology 165 (11) (2024)
   PUBMED   39331742
  REMARK    GeneRIF: The LEAP2 Response to Cancer-Related Anorexia-Cachexia
            Syndrome in Male Mice and Patients.
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 861)
  AUTHORS   Byberg,S., Blond,M.B., Holm,S., Amadid,H., Nielsen,L.B.,
            Clemmensen,K.K.B., Faerch,K. and Holst,B.
  TITLE     LEAP2 is associated with cardiometabolic markers but is unchanged
            by antidiabetic treatment in people with prediabetes
  JOURNAL   Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 325 (3), E244-E251 (2023)
   PUBMED   37436962
  REMARK    GeneRIF: LEAP2 is associated with cardiometabolic markers but is
            unchanged by antidiabetic treatment in people with prediabetes.
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 861)
  AUTHORS   Garces,M.F., Buell-Acosta,J.D., Angel-Muller,E., Parada-Banos,A.J.,
            Acosta-Alvarez,J., Saavedra-Lopez,H.F., Franco-Vega,R.,
            Maldonado-Acosta,L.M., Escobar-Cordoba,F., Vasquez-Romero,K.,
            Lacunza,E., Caminos-Cepeda,S.A., Nogueiras,R., Dieguez,C.,
            Ruiz-Parra,A.I. and Caminos,J.E.
  TITLE     Study of the Ghrelin/LEAP-2 Ratio in Humans and Rats during
            Different Phases of Pregnancy
  JOURNAL   Int J Mol Sci 23 (17), 9514 (2022)
   PUBMED   36076912
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Study of the Ghrelin/LEAP-2 Ratio in Humans and Rats
            during Different Phases of Pregnancy.
            Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 861)
  AUTHORS   Vergani,E., Bruno,C., Gavotti,C., Aversa,L.S., Martire,M.,
            Mancini,A. and Curro,D.
  TITLE     LEAP-2/ghrelin interplay in adult growth hormone deficiency: Cause
            or consequence? A pilot study
  JOURNAL   IUBMB Life 73 (7), 978-984 (2021)
   PUBMED   33991145
  REMARK    GeneRIF: LEAP-2/ghrelin interplay in adult growth hormone
            deficiency: Cause or consequence? A pilot study.
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 861)
  AUTHORS   Li,H.Z., Shou,L.L., Shao,X.X., Li,N., Liu,Y.L., Xu,Z.G. and
            Guo,Z.Y.
  TITLE     LEAP2 has antagonized the ghrelin receptor GHSR1a since its
            emergence in ancient fish
  JOURNAL   Amino Acids 53 (6), 939-949 (2021)
   PUBMED   33966114
  REMARK    GeneRIF: LEAP2 has antagonized the ghrelin receptor GHSR1a since
            its emergence in ancient fish.
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 861)
  AUTHORS   Thiebaud,P., Garbay,B., Auguste,P., Senechal,C.L., Maciejewska,Z.,
            Fedou,S., Gauthereau,X., Costaglioli,P. and Theze,N.
  TITLE     Overexpression of Leap2 impairs Xenopus embryonic development and
            modulates FGF and activin signals
  JOURNAL   Peptides 83, 21-28 (2016)
   PUBMED   27335344
  REMARK    GeneRIF: We identified the amphibian leap2 gene which is highly
            related to its mammalian orthologues at both structural and
            sequence levels. The gene is expressed in the embryo mostly in the
            endoderm-derived tissues. Accordingly it is induced in pluripotent
            animal cap cells by FGF, activin or a combination of
            vegT/beta-catenin.
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 861)
  AUTHORS   Henriques,S.T., Tan,C.C., Craik,D.J. and Clark,R.J.
  TITLE     Structural and functional analysis of human liver-expressed
            antimicrobial peptide 2
  JOURNAL   Chembiochem 11 (15), 2148-2157 (2010)
   PUBMED   20845358
  REMARK    GeneRIF: LEAP-2 has a novel fold for a cationic antimicrobial
            peptide and has antibacterial activity. LEAP-2 exhibits
            antimicrobial activity under low-salt conditions, and there is
            likely to be another physiological role for the peptide.
            GeneRIF: LEAP-2 displays antimicrobial activity against bacteria
            and yeasts.
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 861)
  AUTHORS   Hocquellet,A., Odaert,B., Cabanne,C., Noubhani,A., Dieryck,W.,
            Joucla,G., Le Senechal,C., Milenkov,M., Chaignepain,S.,
            Schmitter,J.M., Claverol,S., Santarelli,X., Dufourc,E.J.,
            Bonneu,M., Garbay,B. and Costaglioli,P.
  TITLE     Structure-activity relationship of human liver-expressed
            antimicrobial peptide 2
  JOURNAL   Peptides 31 (1), 58-66 (2010)
   PUBMED   19852990
  REMARK    GeneRIF: These results show that the secondary structure of human
            LEAP-2 has a profound impact on its antibacterial activity.
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 861)
  AUTHORS   Howard,A., Townes,C., Milona,P., Nile,C.J., Michailidis,G. and
            Hall,J.
  TITLE     Expression and functional analyses of liver expressed antimicrobial
            peptide-2 (LEAP-2) variant forms in human tissues
  JOURNAL   Cell Immunol 261 (2), 128-133 (2010)
   PUBMED   20038463
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Data suggest that LEAP-2 is not involved in the
            physiological response of GI epithelia to iron, nor is it mitogenic
            for epithelial cells or chemotactic for THP-1 monocytes.
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 861)
  AUTHORS   Krause,A., Sillard,R., Kleemeier,B., Kluver,E., Maronde,E.,
            Conejo-Garcia,J.R., Forssmann,W.G., Schulz-Knappe,P., Nehls,M.C.,
            Wattler,F., Wattler,S. and Adermann,K.
  TITLE     Isolation and biochemical characterization of LEAP-2, a novel blood
            peptide expressed in the liver
  JOURNAL   Protein Sci 12 (1), 143-152 (2003)
   PUBMED   12493837
COMMENT     REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The
            reference sequence was derived from AJ409065.1, BX443829.2 and
            AC004500.1.
            
            On May 17, 2019 this sequence version replaced NM_052971.2.
            
            Summary: This gene encodes a cysteine-rich cationic antimicrobial
            peptide that is expressed predominantly in the liver. The mature
            peptide has activity against gram-positive bacteria and yeasts.
            [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2014].
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: SRR5189664.39586.1,
                                           SRR5189664.112751.1 [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: single sample supports all introns
                                           SAMEA1968540, SAMEA1970526
                                           [ECO:0000348]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            MANE Ensembl match                 :: ENST00000296877.3/
                                                  ENSP00000296877.2
            Protein has antimicrobial activity :: PMID: 20845358
            RefSeq Select criteria             :: based on single
                                                  protein-coding transcript
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: complete on the 3' end.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-510               AJ409065.1         1347-1856
            511-705             BX443829.2         501-695
            706-861             AC004500.1         28911-29066         c
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..861
                     /organism="Homo sapiens"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:9606"
                     /chromosome="5"
                     /map="5q31.1"
     gene            1..861
                     /gene="LEAP2"
                     /gene_synonym="LEAP-2"
                     /note="liver enriched antimicrobial peptide 2"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:116842"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:29571"
                     /db_xref="MIM:611373"
     exon            1..84
                     /gene="LEAP2"
                     /gene_synonym="LEAP-2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             28..261
                     /gene="LEAP2"
                     /gene_synonym="LEAP-2"
                     /note="liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2
                     precursor"
                     /protein_id="NP_443203.1"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS4163.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:116842"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:29571"
                     /db_xref="MIM:611373"
                     /translation="MWHLKLCAVLMIFLLLLGQIDGSPIPEVSSAKRRPRRMTPFWRG
                     VSLRPIGASCRDDSECITRLCRKRRCSLSVAQE"
     exon            85..224
                     /gene="LEAP2"
                     /gene_synonym="LEAP-2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            225..861
                     /gene="LEAP2"
                     /gene_synonym="LEAP-2"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      493..498
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="LEAP2"
                     /gene_synonym="LEAP-2"
                     /note="hexamer: ATTAAA"
     polyA_site      513
                     /gene="LEAP2"
                     /gene_synonym="LEAP-2"
                     /note="major polyA site"
ORIGIN      
        1 aggctccaac atcctccccc tgtcaagatg tggcacctca aactttgtgc agtcctcatg
       61 atcttcctgt tgctgttggg ccagatagat ggctccccaa taccagaagt gagttcggca
      121 aagagaaggc cacggagaat gaccccattt tggagagggg tttccctcag gcctattgga
      181 gcctcctgcc gggatgattc tgagtgtatc acaaggctat gcagaaaaag acgctgttcc
      241 ttaagtgtgg cccaggaatg atgtacatac cagggaaaga aaggacagca gtcacctccg
      301 acaatgctcc gttctatgga atattgatta actgcatttt ggctggagac acccaagtga
      361 agcaatcttg tatttttaat atttaaaggc agatgtacgc tttaaattgg tctccatttc
      421 ttcttagaat gttgatatat ggataagcat aactaaactt gtcaatttag agtttatttt
      481 tctatggata ctattaaatg tctcaaattg aaattttagc agtctggaat tcaagctttt
      541 gagggaaaga aggattcatt ttgtatacta aagaaaaaaa cagcattgcc caataatgtg
      601 ttaacttctc aatctggaaa gtgtagtgag agctacataa tcaatagcta cgtaatcaac
      661 ttcagcaagt tcctaagctg tggccctgga tcccttcact ccatactctt cagggaggtg
      721 tcaaaggtgg tcaagcttgg gaggctgagg caggagaatc acttgaacct gggaggtgga
      781 ggttgcagtg agccaagatc atgccactgc accccagcct gggtgacata gagagactct
      841 gtctcaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa a
//
