LOCUS       NM_001039570            6181 bp    mRNA    linear   PRI 10-FEB-2025
DEFINITION  Homo sapiens kringle containing transmembrane protein 1 (KREMEN1),
            transcript variant 3, mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_001039570 NM_001039571
VERSION     NM_001039570.3
KEYWORDS    RefSeq; MANE Select.
SOURCE      Homo sapiens (human)
  ORGANISM  Homo sapiens
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
            Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 6181)
  AUTHORS   Lee,Y., Zhang,H., Seymen,F., Koruyucu,M., Kasimoglu,Y., Lee,Z.H.,
            Hu,J.C., Simmer,J.P. and Kim,J.W.
  TITLE     Novel homozygous KREMEN1 mutation causes ectodermal dysplasia
  JOURNAL   Oral Dis 28 (3), 843-845 (2022)
   PUBMED   34028942
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Novel homozygous KREMEN1 mutation causes ectodermal
            dysplasia.
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 6181)
  AUTHORS   Hoffmann,M. and Pohlmann,S.
  TITLE     Novel SARS-CoV-2 receptors: ASGR1 and KREMEN1
  JOURNAL   Cell Res 32 (1), 1-2 (2022)
   PUBMED   34903854
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Novel SARS-CoV-2 receptors: ASGR1 and KREMEN1.
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 6181)
  AUTHORS   Gu,Y., Cao,J., Zhang,X., Gao,H., Wang,Y., Wang,J., He,J., Jiang,X.,
            Zhang,J., Shen,G., Yang,J., Zheng,X., Hu,G., Zhu,Y., Du,S., Zhu,Y.,
            Zhang,R., Xu,J., Lan,F., Qu,D., Xu,G., Zhao,Y., Gao,D., Xie,Y.,
            Luo,M. and Lu,Z.
  TITLE     Receptome profiling identifies KREMEN1 and ASGR1 as alternative
            functional receptors of SARS-CoV-2
  JOURNAL   Cell Res 32 (1), 24-37 (2022)
   PUBMED   34837059
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Receptome profiling identifies KREMEN1 and ASGR1 as
            alternative functional receptors of SARS-CoV-2.
            Erratum:[Cell Res. 2022 Jun;32(6):600. doi:
            10.1038/s41422-022-00654-6.. PMID: 35365756]
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 6181)
  AUTHORS   Lv,L. and Zhang,L.
  TITLE     Host proviral and antiviral factors for SARS-CoV-2
  JOURNAL   Virus Genes 57 (6), 475-488 (2021)
   PUBMED   34510331
  REMARK    Review article
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 6181)
  AUTHORS   Peng,R., Wu,L.A., Wang,Q., Qi,J. and Gao,G.F.
  TITLE     Cell entry by SARS-CoV-2
  JOURNAL   Trends Biochem Sci 46 (10), 848-860 (2021)
   PUBMED   34187722
  REMARK    Review article
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 6181)
  AUTHORS   Wang,K., Zhang,Y., Li,X., Chen,L., Wang,H., Wu,J., Zheng,J. and
            Wu,D.
  TITLE     Characterization of the Kremen-binding site on Dkk1 and elucidation
            of the role of Kremen in Dkk-mediated Wnt antagonism
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 283 (34), 23371-23375 (2008)
   PUBMED   18502762
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Kremen may not be essential for Dkk1-mediated Wnt
            antagonism and Kremen may only play a role when cells express a
            high level of LRP5/6
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 6181)
  AUTHORS   Lopez,J.M., Balemans,W., Piters,E., Van Hul,W. and Gonzalez,G.
  TITLE     Genetic analysis and effect of triiodothyronine and prednisone
            trial on bone turnover in a patient with craniotubular hyperostosis
  JOURNAL   Bone 43 (2), 405-409 (2008)
   PUBMED   18538647
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 6181)
  AUTHORS   Binnerts,M.E., Kim,K.A., Bright,J.M., Patel,S.M., Tran,K., Zhou,M.,
            Leung,J.M., Liu,Y., Lomas,W.E. 3rd, Dixon,M., Hazell,S.A.,
            Wagle,M., Nie,W.S., Tomasevic,N., Williams,J., Zhan,X., Levy,M.D.,
            Funk,W.D. and Abo,A.
  TITLE     R-Spondin1 regulates Wnt signaling by inhibiting internalization of
            LRP6
  JOURNAL   Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104 (37), 14700-14705 (2007)
   PUBMED   17804805
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 6181)
  AUTHORS   Girard,A., Sachidanandam,R., Hannon,G.J. and Carmell,M.A.
  TITLE     A germline-specific class of small RNAs binds mammalian Piwi
            proteins
  JOURNAL   Nature 442 (7099), 199-202 (2006)
   PUBMED   16751776
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 6181)
  AUTHORS   Mao,B., Wu,W., Davidson,G., Marhold,J., Li,M., Mechler,B.M.,
            Delius,H., Hoppe,D., Stannek,P., Walter,C., Glinka,A. and Niehrs,C.
  TITLE     Kremen proteins are Dickkopf receptors that regulate
            Wnt/beta-catenin signalling
  JOURNAL   Nature 417 (6889), 664-667 (2002)
   PUBMED   12050670
  REMARK    GeneRIF: Functional characterization of related Kremen proteins in
            mouse.
COMMENT     REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The
            reference sequence was derived from AL021393.1 and Z95116.1.
            This sequence is a reference standard in the RefSeqGene project.
            
            On Jun 2, 2019 this sequence version replaced NM_001039570.2.
            
            Summary: This gene encodes a high-affinity dickkopf homolog 1
            (DKK1) transmembrane receptor that functionally cooperates with
            DKK1 to block wingless (WNT)/beta-catenin signaling. The encoded
            protein is a component of a membrane complex that modulates
            canonical WNT signaling through lipoprotein receptor-related
            protein 6 (LRP6). It contains extracellular kringle, WSC, and CUB
            domains. Mutations in this gene result in ectodermal dysplasia.
            This protein has also been found to be a functional receptor for
            Coxsackievirus A10 and may be an alternative entry receptor for
            SARS-CoV-2. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2021].
            
            Transcript Variant: This variant (3) differs in the 3' UTR and 3'
            coding region, compared to variant 2. The resulting isoform has a
            distinct C-terminus and is shorter than isoform 2.
            
            Sequence Note: This RefSeq record was created from transcript and
            genomic sequence data to make the sequence consistent with the
            reference genome assembly. The genomic coordinates used for the
            transcript record were based on transcript alignments.
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: SRR14038197.1181830.1,
                                           SRR14038196.2283349.1 [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: single sample supports all introns
                                           SAMEA1966682, SAMEA1968189
                                           [ECO:0000348]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-START##
            coronavirus related    :: involved in SARS-CoV-2 infection
            MANE Ensembl match     :: ENST00000400335.9/ ENSP00000383189.4
            RefSeq Select criteria :: based on conservation, expression
            ##RefSeq-Attributes-END##
            COMPLETENESS: complete on the 3' end.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-193               AL021393.1         66342-66534
            194-356             AL021393.1         87565-87727
            357-448             AL021393.1         92169-92260
            449-573             Z95116.1           4811-4935
            574-727             Z95116.1           8717-8870
            728-1060            Z95116.1           20796-21128
            1061-1219           Z95116.1           22078-22236
            1220-1304           Z95116.1           23736-23820
            1305-6181           Z95116.1           25398-30274
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..6181
                     /organism="Homo sapiens"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /db_xref="taxon:9606"
                     /chromosome="22"
                     /map="22q12.1"
     gene            1..6181
                     /gene="KREMEN1"
                     /gene_synonym="ECTD13; KREMEN; KRM1"
                     /note="kringle containing transmembrane protein 1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:83999"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:17550"
                     /db_xref="MIM:609898"
     exon            1..193
                     /gene="KREMEN1"
                     /gene_synonym="ECTD13; KREMEN; KRM1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             97..1473
                     /gene="KREMEN1"
                     /gene_synonym="ECTD13; KREMEN; KRM1"
                     /EC_number="2.3.2.27"
                     /note="isoform 3 precursor is encoded by transcript
                     variant 3; kremen protein 1; kringle-coding gene marking
                     the eye and the nose; dickkopf receptor; kringle
                     domain-containing transmembrane protein 1;
                     kringle-containing protein marking the eye and the nose"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="kremen protein 1 isoform 3 precursor"
                     /protein_id="NP_001034659.2"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS43000.2"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:83999"
                     /db_xref="HGNC:HGNC:17550"
                     /db_xref="MIM:609898"
                     /translation="MAPPAARLALLSAAALTLAARPAPSPGLGPGPECFTANGADYRG
                     TQNWTALQGGKPCLFWNETFQHPYNTLKYPNGEGGLGEHNYCRNPDGDVSPWCYVAEH
                     EDGVYWKYCEIPACQMPGNLGCYKDHGNPPPLTGTSKTSNKLTIQTCISFCRSQRFKF
                     AGMESGYACFCGNNPDYWKYGEAASTECNSVCFGDHTQPCGGDGRIILFDTLVGACGG
                     NYSAMSSVVYSPDFPDTYATGRVCYWTIRVPGASHIHFSFPLFDIRDSADMVELLDGY
                     THRVLARFHGRSRPPLSFNVSLDFVILYFFSDRINQAQGFAVLYQAVKEELPQERPAV
                     NQTVAEVITEQANLSVSAARSSKVLYVITTSPSHPPQTVPGWTVYGLATLLILTVTAI
                     VAKILLHVTFKSHRVPASGDLRDCHQPGTSGEIWSIFYKPSTSISIFKKKLKGQSQQD
                     DRNPLVSD"
     exon            194..356
                     /gene="KREMEN1"
                     /gene_synonym="ECTD13; KREMEN; KRM1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            357..448
                     /gene="KREMEN1"
                     /gene_synonym="ECTD13; KREMEN; KRM1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            449..573
                     /gene="KREMEN1"
                     /gene_synonym="ECTD13; KREMEN; KRM1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            574..727
                     /gene="KREMEN1"
                     /gene_synonym="ECTD13; KREMEN; KRM1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            728..1060
                     /gene="KREMEN1"
                     /gene_synonym="ECTD13; KREMEN; KRM1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1061..1219
                     /gene="KREMEN1"
                     /gene_synonym="ECTD13; KREMEN; KRM1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1220..1304
                     /gene="KREMEN1"
                     /gene_synonym="ECTD13; KREMEN; KRM1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            1305..6181
                     /gene="KREMEN1"
                     /gene_synonym="ECTD13; KREMEN; KRM1"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      6154..6159
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="KREMEN1"
                     /gene_synonym="ECTD13; KREMEN; KRM1"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     polyA_site      6181
                     /gene="KREMEN1"
                     /gene_synonym="ECTD13; KREMEN; KRM1"
                     /note="major polyA site"
ORIGIN      
        1 actcgggccc cgcgtcctgc tcccatggcc gcccccggct ccccgcgctg ccccctttac
       61 cccgggccgc gccccggggc cccgcactga cggcccatgg cgccgccagc cgcccgcctc
      121 gccctgctct ccgccgcggc gctcacgctg gcggcccggc ccgcgcctag ccccggcctc
      181 ggccccggac ccgagtgttt cacagccaat ggtgcggatt ataggggaac acagaactgg
      241 acagcactac aaggcgggaa gccatgtctg ttttggaacg agactttcca gcatccatac
      301 aacactctga aataccccaa cggggagggg ggcctgggtg agcacaacta ttgcagaaat
      361 ccagatggag acgtgagccc ctggtgctat gtggcagagc acgaggatgg tgtctactgg
      421 aagtactgtg agatacctgc ttgccagatg cctggaaacc ttggctgcta caaggatcat
      481 ggaaacccac ctcctctaac tggcaccagt aaaacgtcca acaaactcac catacaaact
      541 tgcatcagtt tttgtcggag tcagaggttc aagtttgctg ggatggagtc aggctatgct
      601 tgcttctgtg gaaacaatcc tgattactgg aagtacgggg aggcagccag taccgaatgc
      661 aacagcgtct gcttcgggga tcacacccaa ccctgtggtg gcgatggcag gatcatcctc
      721 tttgatactc tcgtgggcgc ctgcggtggg aactactcag ccatgtcttc tgtggtctat
      781 tcccctgact tccccgacac ctatgccacg gggagggtct gctactggac catccgggtt
      841 ccgggggcct cccacatcca cttcagcttc cccctatttg acatcaggga ctcggcggac
      901 atggtggagc ttctggatgg ctacacccac cgtgtcctag cccgcttcca cgggaggagc
      961 cgcccacctc tgtccttcaa cgtctctctg gacttcgtca tcttgtattt cttctctgat
     1021 cgcatcaatc aggcccaggg atttgctgtt ttataccaag ccgtcaagga agaactgcca
     1081 caggagaggc ccgctgtcaa ccagacggtg gccgaggtga tcacggagca ggccaacctc
     1141 agtgtcagcg ctgcccggtc ctccaaagtc ctctatgtca tcaccaccag ccccagccac
     1201 ccacctcaga ctgtcccagg atggacagtc tatggtctgg caactctcct catcctcaca
     1261 gtcacagcca ttgtagcaaa gatacttctg cacgtcacat tcaaatccca tcgtgttcct
     1321 gcttcagggg accttaggga ttgtcatcaa ccagggactt cgggggaaat ctggagcatt
     1381 ttttacaagc cttccacttc aatttccatc tttaagaaga aactcaaggg tcagagtcaa
     1441 caagatgacc gcaatcccct tgtgagtgac taaaaacccc actgtgccta ggacttgagg
     1501 tccctctttg agctcaaggc tgccgtggtc aacctctcct gtggttcttc tctgacagac
     1561 tcttcccctc ctctccctct gcctcggcct cttcggggaa accctcctcc tacagactag
     1621 gaagaggcac cctgctgcca gggcaggcag agcctggatt cctcctgctt catcgattgc
     1681 acttaggaga gagactcaaa gccctggggc ccggccctct ctgcatctct ctctgatcta
     1741 gctagcagtg ggggtgtcag gacagtgagg ctgagatgac agaggtggtc atggctggca
     1801 cagggctcag gtacattcta gatggctgtc aggtggtggg tagctttagt tacattgaat
     1861 ttttcttgct tctctatttt tgtccacaca caaatcagtt tctcctgatc tttatgtctt
     1921 ggaacagggc cagacaggga gaactctcag gtactcttgg gagttggtcc catacaagtg
     1981 cggactcctg gacattagcg aggtgtaaag agggcagtgt ctgtgctgcc ccggcagctt
     2041 tgctctccag atgctggact agggtgggcc tccttcagcc tgggagggtc tgagaataag
     2101 atctagtgac ccccatttat atcaaacctg ataccttaca catgggcttc tttctagatt
     2161 cttctttcca tagctcatgg agctgcaggg aaagctttaa gagctttggt catataaaac
     2221 atccattcag ctgggcgcga tggctcatgc ctgtaatccc agcactgtgg gaggctgagg
     2281 cgggcagatc acctgaggtc aggagttcga gaccagcctg gccaacatgg tgaaaccccg
     2341 tctctactaa aaatataaaa attagtcagg cgtggtggca ggcgcctgta atcccagcta
     2401 ctcagaaggc tgagacagaa gaacagcttg aacccaggag gctgagattg cagtgagccg
     2461 agatcgcacc actgcactcc agcctgggtg acaagagtga gactctgtct caaaaaaaca
     2521 aaacacaaat aaacaaaaaa aatccattca tttactcatg caataaattc tcctgcaagc
     2581 ttttatgggc actcagtaag tactcaggat tggctttatc agccttgcca ctgagcagct
     2641 catggtccta tggaacctga gccaggcctc agtctctcca tgattggctc agctaactct
     2701 cagttcagag tggagagtat caatcttgtg tttttgccct taggcagcac tatatgagac
     2761 atggggcctg tggtccttcc ttctggtgtc ccccgtgtta aaagataaaa aacaccccaa
     2821 gggccgggcg cggtggctca tgcctgtaat cccagcactt tgggaggctg aggcgggtgg
     2881 atcacgaggt caggtgatcg aaaccatcct ggctaagatg gtgaaacccc gtctctacta
     2941 aaaatacaaa aaattagctg ggtgtggtgg tgggcgcctg tagtcccagc tgctcgggag
     3001 gctgaggcag gagaatggcg tgaacccggg aggcggagct tgcagtgagc agagatcacg
     3061 ccactgcact ccagcctggg tgacagtgca agactctgtc tcaaaaaaaa aaaaaacact
     3121 ccaagggcca tccgtgctct ctgcccctcc tgtggggacc aagtggggtt aggaatggct
     3181 cagtggggaa ggagagcact cttgtcccca gtcccttgcc accctgtccc ttagataggg
     3241 aggtgggctg cagagattgg tgccagaaga gggtgggttt gggaattgga gctcctccaa
     3301 ggagctcctc ctaagattga gtgctgcagc tgtagtggct gctggttggg agagtaagtg
     3361 ccatcactaa tttaaaagtc cttgccatct ggaatcaggc tttgtcaaca gcagctgaga
     3421 aaagcagcct gtgcctctgc tggccaggcc taggccctcg tcagagcgtg cctctccaca
     3481 aggcacttgg gcctgggtga ttgttgcgcc tctggctttg gcgtttcctc tttgcagcac
     3541 tttgcctacc tcccccaagc cctgagccac tgcctgctgg ggctcctact gaggttctgg
     3601 aaacacctct gcacctgccg cccctgggag gaaagagggc cacacaggaa gtgtctgcag
     3661 ggagaggtgg cactcggcag cctgagttca ggagaggtgc ttggagcttc aggcagaggg
     3721 gccttcagag gagggaaacg gagcaatgtg tcacaggcag gcaggggcag gactgccacc
     3781 ccaggccccg tgggaggcct gctgagggca cagagctgct cggtgcagcc ttcatgcttt
     3841 gatctggaaa gagcagctgt ccgcaggcct ctgtctccaa gaggcctgtc acacaggagg
     3901 accgctggaa acataccaac acgtgcagtc tcccctccaa gctattcatg ctgtttgtgg
     3961 aatctctctc aaacataagt gtcaggtgtg tgtcgtccca acgggtcctg tgctgtgaat
     4021 agatccatgt gcagcacaaa gggaatgtgg cacgtggccc caggaagagt tcacccggcc
     4081 agggggcagt tgttcagttg cctggggctg acactgacca ctggcctctg gggtgtcctg
     4141 cagcccaaat gcccaccttg ccctcctcac atctcagtca ggggaggcca tgcccaagcc
     4201 aatgtgctgt cacagcctgc agcgggggca gcacttcctc ggagggcctg ggaggtgctg
     4261 gggatgcccc agcgcttctc ttcctgcctc gccctggcat ggcccagcgc ctctaggatc
     4321 aacttacgat ccgtggagca gccccgggaa acccaaatct ggctcaggac agcgtacggg
     4381 caggagggct gtaaatcatc ccaggctaag cctccgtggg cactggctcc tgccgcagcc
     4441 tggctatgga ctcagttaga accaggtaga aagtcagcga caccccacag aaggccactg
     4501 cggctaggta aacacctgag aaagaaactg ctccagaaga gatgacgtgg gcttccagga
     4561 gcatggagga ggtggcactt gaacttttag gaaactcctt agatgagata aagtgggggt
     4621 tggaggtggc gaaaagaggg taaccctggg aaagtcagtc agaacccatg gcagaagact
     4681 gcaggagagg caggggaggg gcttcgggga ccactgtgga cagagctctg aaagcaccct
     4741 ggccaaagcc cctcctgagg tgacagagcg tgggaggagg ctgcactggg cctgcgtgcc
     4801 atcctcaccc ctgttccccg ctggcgccag gccctgcctt cttggtacct gtgccaacag
     4861 gagagccctc accagccgat cttgtcactc tccgtggtga cagtgtcttg gccagctgtg
     4921 gcccctagtt tctagcagcg tttctcagtg tccttggccc ttctgagaag gcaggcggga
     4981 ggcacacggt gccctgttct tccccgtttg tccagttgct tgcaaagcag agaatgagta
     5041 ggagtgaacc cgagtgactt cacccgccct gtcccccacg tcaggacagg cttgaggcct
     5101 ctctgggcgt gagcgaggaa accaggctgc tctaacttct gaagagtggg ctctggctca
     5161 agactccaat cggccagaag cccacagaga tcaaagcact agcaagttca gctgtcctgg
     5221 ccctcgggta gaacccacgg gcgtgcctgg gtgcggctcc acccacatgc cccactgtca
     5281 gcccaggcag gagccttcct ggccgggctc aggatctgcc tgcagcccag ccaggccatc
     5341 acccagcccc gatgcatcct ggcactgcac gcttactctt cacaagcact tatacgcgga
     5401 tggcctccga gaccctgcct ccctggtctg ctgaggtcag gccaggtctc ccacggagcc
     5461 gggcagctcc acaccccacc acctggcacc gttaggtttc agatctcccg tgtggtgttt
     5521 gatgtcggct tttgttccta ccttgggagt ttggattgtt tcctctggtg tctttgttta
     5581 ccttcctcac tgttctacct cctggccagg tctcagctta gcttccctgg tgtggggtgt
     5641 ttttcaagcc ttccagccac agctgtctcc cctcaggctg gacggctccg gggtgacagg
     5701 gcttcaccct ctgcctgcag acccctggtg ggcacatctc acaggcttcc gtcttgctga
     5761 gttgggtacg gaggcagaag tggggtgtgg aggaaagtca gagggaaatc tgcttcagaa
     5821 aggaagggtc tttagacaca aagactggag gcccttcccc gcccgcacgg gagctgccat
     5881 cgtgggtctc atgcacgtca agaccttccc acatccaaac tcagcttcca gcagggattt
     5941 tgactttgga tgacaaggct ttatttgtaa atatgctctt aatatgcaac tttgagaata
     6001 aaatagaaac atcatgtatt ttaaaatata agatgaagtg tgacgcactg tatacaattt
     6061 aatatatatt tttagggttt tgttatttaa gaaaatggaa tgtaatggta cttttacaaa
     6121 cgagaaaaaa tgttattttt actttctgga aaaaataaat attctcattg ttgtagaaag
     6181 a
//
